De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

For the man was truly master of his hands; but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a point of necessity for him. For the former hated the latter, as he did the rest whose lineage was illustrious, and he in turn returned the hatred toward him not far from proportionally. He even used to declare that he feared daily lest someone might be dispatched to him from Megalopolis to gouge out his eyes. And once he even said that he was born of such a mother, speaking ill in his anger of that honorable woman, if he should return to Constantinople; from which he also made it clear that he would choose to turn to some other path and to choose something lesser over a greater evil and to give up living with his eyes rather than what one might call evil. Therefore he also contrived such a thing. And not caring with a deep soul for the affairs of the city, he persuaded Andronicus very artfully that our affairs were in good shape and that the city had been excellently prepared and lacked none of the necessary things, neither security of towers, nor stone-throwing machines, nor reinforcement of walls, nor strength of outworks, nor quantity and beauty of arms, nor any other single thing, writing falsehoods that were advantageous to himself alone and unprovable, because there was no one who either knew what he was writing or would speak or dare to speak, but persuading him, not fortunately for us. For he had contrived to instill confidence in the emperor concerning us, that we would not suffer any harm from anywhere, so that he alone might be in charge of affairs here and that they might not be entrusted to anyone else, one who could save these things, and thus that he himself might someday be relieved of his office and fall into the hands of Andronicus, by whom he would have long ago been crushed, if the sebastokrator Manuel, by speaking good things and intervening with the speech of a woman, had not been saving him, not for our peace, but as one who would stir everything into a whirlwind. And to such an extent 72 did this doux craftily outwit the emperor with such methods, that a letter of thanks was even written to him by one who was unforgiving and did not know, I think, what grace is. Wherefore also a certain cautery was smoldering in the thanksgiving. For the imperial letter, following the thanks, wished thus: "may it be that for the future also such thanksgiving is preserved for you," hinting that it was for a short time and would not remain. Which also came to pass. For through him both his mother and his brother were captured there as if for death, having themselves done no wrong. And this, not long after, for them. But he, meanwhile prevailing for our destruction and because of this hardening the emperor's soul with the idea that he was sufficient for the city's defense, was able to persuade him to our ruin. For the emperor, with some foresight, had sent an army for our defense, but trusting in the things by which he was deceived by David, he commanded them neither to enter the city nor yet to engage the enemy, having come within a hair's breadth of battle, so that from this we, not knowing of the help from those who were sent, would wait expectantly and hang on the hope of them, while they themselves lived without bloodshed, pointlessly feigning their assistance to us. And they were many: the megas domestikos of the Anatolics Gidos, Andronikos Palaiologos, Manuel Kamytzes, Choumnos and others. And there flowed to them much later also the one very close to the emperor, the parakoimomenos Nikephoros, who, sending a letter to the doux David, in another manner set his lips against heaven and let his tongue go through the earth. For he said that neither did the heaven abound with so many stars nor the earth teem with so much sand, as the army that followed him, adding also that he feared lest the Latins, learning how much power he possessed, would flee and he himself would be left empty of such a prey. He himself wrote such things and we believed; for the soul that wishes for salvation was ready for persuasion. And so it was with the things from the imperial messengers, deceiving us. But the enemy, having arrived, both from land and from sea, was being prepared skillfully for battle. And those from the west were making some other new things for

ἐγκρατὴς γὰρ ἦν χειρῶν ἀληθῶς ὁ ἄνθρωπος· ἀλλὰ προεκαλεῖτο τὸν καλλίνικον εἰς τὸ δαπανῆσαι τὸ ἐθέλειν κατὰ τοῦ βασιλέως γελᾶν, καὶ ἦγεν αὐτῷ πρὸς ἀνάγκης τὸ πρᾶγμα. Ἐκεῖνός τε γὰρ ἐμίσει τοῦτον, καθὰ καὶ τοὺς λοιπούς, ὅσοις τὸ γένος ἔλαμπε, καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ ἀντέστρεφε τὸ μῖσος πρὸς αὐτὸν οὐ μακρὰν τοῦ ἀνάλογον. Ὅς γε καὶ ἀνεφθέγγετο δεδιέναι καθ' ἑκάστην μήποτέ τις αὐτῷ ἐκ Μεγαλοπόλεως ἐπιπετασθείη ἐξορύξων τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς. Καί ποτε καὶ τοιᾶσδε ἔφη φῦναι μητρός, κακολογήσας θυμῷ τὴν τιμίαν ἐκείνην, ἐὰν εἰς Κωνσταντινούπολιν ἐπαναστραφείη· ὅθεν καὶ διεδήλου ὡς ἄλλην τινὰ τραπέσθαι αἱρήσεται καὶ μείζονος κακοῦ ἀνθελέσθαι τι βραχύτερον καὶ τοῦ ζῆν ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν προέσθαι ὃ ἄν τις εἴποι κακόν. Οὐκοῦν καὶ μεθώδευε τὸ τοιοῦτον. Καὶ οὐ βαθείᾳ ψυχῇ μεριμνῶν τὰ κατὰ πόλιν, ἀνέπειθε τὸν Ἀνδρόνικον εὖ μάλα τεχνικῶς ὡς εὖ ἔχουσι τὰ καθ' ἡμᾶς καὶ ὡς περιπεποίηται ἡ πόλις ἄριστα καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτῇ τῶν δεόντων ἐνδεῖ, οὐ πύργων ἀσφάλεια, οὐ πετροβόλοι μηχαναί, οὐ τειχῶν ἐπιποίησις, οὐ περιτειχίσματος ἐρυμνότης, οὐ πλῆθος καὶ κάλλος ἀρμάτων, οὐκ ἄλλο οὐδὲ ἕν, ψευδῆ μὲν γράφων πρὸς τὸ ἑαυτῷ μόνῳ συνοῖσον καὶ ἀνεξέλεγκτα, ὅτι μηδὲ ἦν τις ὁ εἴτε εἰδὼς ἅπερ ἔγραφεν εἴτε λαλῶν εἴτε λαλεῖν τολμῶν, πείθων δὲ ἐκεῖνον οὐκ εὐτυχῶς ἡμῖν. Πεπραγμάτευτο γὰρ θάρρος ἐμβαλεῖν τῷ βασιλεῖ περὶ ἡμῶν, ὡς οὐκ ἄν τι κακόν ποθεν πάθοιμεν, ἵνα κεφαλὴ μόνος αὐτὸς ἐφίσταιτο τοῖς ὧδε καὶ μή τινι ἑτέρῳ ἐπιτραπείη τὰ τῇδε, οἵῳ περισώσασθαι ταῦτα, καὶ οὕτω τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτόν ποτε παραλυθῆναι καὶ εἰς χεῖρας τῷ Ἀνδρονίκῳ περιτυχεῖν, ὑφ' ὧν καὶ πάλαι ἂν συνετρίβη, εἰ μὴ ὁ σεβαστοκράτωρ Μανουὴλ ἀγαθὰ λαλῶν καὶ μέσος πίπτων γυναίου λόγῳ αὐτὸν περιεσῴζετο, οὐ πρὸς γαλήνην ἡμῖν, ἀλλ' ὡς εἰς τυφῶνα τὸ πᾶν κυκήσοντα. Καὶ ἐς τοσοῦτον 72 περιῆλθε πανούργως τὸν βασιλέα ταῖς τοιαύταις μεθόδοις ὁ δοὺξ οὗτος, ὡς καὶ εὐχαριστίαν αὐτῷ γραφῆναι πρὸς τοῦ ἀμειλίκτου καὶ μὴ εἰδότος, οἶμαι, ὅπερ ἐστὶ χάρις. ∆ιὸ καὶ τῇ εὐχαριστίᾳ ὑπεσμύχετό τις καυτήρ. Ηὔχετο γὰρ ἡ βασιλικὴ γραφὴ ἐχόμενα τῆς χάριτος οὕτως «γένοιτο δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἑξῆς τὴν τοιαύτην εὐχαριστίαν φυλάττεσθαί σοι», αἰνιττομένη ὡς μικρὸν ὅσον καὶ οὐ παραμενεῖ. Ὃ καὶ γέγονεν. Ἑάλωσαν γὰρ δι' αὐτὸν ὡς ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἐκεῖ καὶ ἡ τούτου μήτηρ καὶ ὁ ἀδελφός, οὐδὲν αὐτοὶ ἁμαρτόντες. Καὶ τοῦτο μὲν μετ' οὐ πολὺ εἰς ἐκείνους. Αὐτὸς δὲ τέως ἰσχύων κατὰ τῆς ἡμῶν ἀπωλείας καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐνσκιρρώσας τῇ τοῦ βασιλέως ψυχῇ ὡς αὐταρκεῖ οὗτος τὰ ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως, ἴσχυσε πεῖσαι τὰ εἰς ἡμῶν ὄλεθρον. Ἔστειλε μὲν γὰρ ὁ βασιλεὺς προμηθικώτερον στρατιὰν ἐπὶ ἀμύνῃ τῶν καθ' ἡμᾶς, πεποιθὼς δὲ οἷς ἐκ τοῦ ∆αυῒδ ἀπεπλανᾶτο, παρηγγυήσατο μήτε εἰς τὴν πόλιν αὐτοὺς καταδύσεσθαι μήτε μὴν τοῖς πολεμίοις ὁμόσε χωρῆσαι γενομένους ἐν χρῷ μάχης, ὡς ἐντεῦθεν ἡμᾶς μέν, μὴ εἰδότας ἐπικουρίαν ἐκ τῶν ἐσταλμένων, καραδοκεῖν καὶ ἐκκρέμασθαι τῆς εἰς ἐκείνους ἐλπίδος, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἀναιμωτὶ ζῆν, ἀφοσιουμένους τηνάλλως τὸ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐπικουρικόν. Ἦσαν δὲ συχνοὶ ἐκεῖνοι, ὁ τῶν Ἀνατολικῶν μέγας δομέστικος Γίδος, ὁ Παλαιολόγος Ἀνδρόνικος, ὁ Καμύτζης Μανουήλ, ὁ Χοῦμνος καὶ ἕτεροι. Ἐπέρρευσε δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐς παντελῶς ὕστερον καὶ ὁ τῷ βασιλεῖ πάνυ ἐγγύς, ὁ παρακοιμώμενος Νικηφόρος, ὃς γράμμα στείλας πρὸς τὸν δοῦκα ∆αυῒδ ἔθετο τρόπον ἄλλον τὰ χείλη αὐτοῦ κατ' οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γλῶσσαν ἀφῆκε διέρχεσθαι περὶ γῆν. Ἔφατο γὰρ μήτε τὸν οὐρανὸν ἄστροις ἐνευθηνεῖσθαι τοσούτοις μήτε τὴν γῆν ἄμμῳ τοσῇδε πλήθειν, ὁπόσος αὐτῷ στρατὸς ἐφέπεται, προσεπιλαλῶν καὶ ὑποδεδοικέναι μή ποτε οἱ Λατῖνοι ἐκπυθόμενοι ὅσην ἰσχὺν περιβέβληται φευξοῦνται καὶ μενεῖ αὐτὸς κενὸς τοιαύτης ἄγρας. Ἔγραψεν αὐτὸς τοιαῦτα καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐπιστεύσαμεν· τὸ γὰρ ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ βουλόμενον τῆς ψυχῆς ἕτοιμον ἦν πρὸς πειθώ. Καὶ οὕτω μὲν τὰ ἐκ τῶν βασιλικῶν ἀποστόλων, ψευδόντων ἡμᾶς. Τὸ δὲ πολέμιον ἐπελθόν, τό τε ξηρᾶθεν καὶ τὸ ἐκ θαλάσσης, ἐξηρτύετο κατ' ἐπιστήμην εἰς μάχην. Καὶ οἱ μὲν ἐκ τῶν δυσμικῶν ἄλλα ἐποίουν καινά τινα κατὰ