22
having committed adultery, a son called Minotaur, with Daedalus and Icarus having acted as go-betweens in the adultery of her fornication. But King Minos, having shut up Pasiphae in a chamber with two slave girls, provided her with food, and left her there, having never seen her again. And she, grieving, as one who had been stripped of her royal dignity, was stricken with a disease and died. But Daedalus and Icarus were killed; Icarus, fleeing from the guard, as he was sailing, was drowned in the sea, while Daedalus was slain. Concerning Pasiphae, the poet Euripides composed a drama. In those same times Heracles the mystic initiate, having performed labors, went away to the land of Libya and encountered Antaeus, who was also a mystic, but who practiced certain earthly things. And having conquered him, Heracles killed him; which Heracles, after the victory being stricken with a disease, threw himself into a fire and died; concerning whom the most wise Didymus wrote. And then of Ilium after Dardanus ruled Laomedon, his son. And after Samson, Eli the priest ruled over Israel. In the times mentioned above Androgeus died, the son of Pasiphae and Minos, king of Crete; like 87 wise Minos himself also died, and, being about to die, commanded the Minotaur to rule Crete. And after the death of this Minos, the Minotaur, the son of Pasiphae and Taurus her notary, ruled over Crete. And the senators of Crete, considering it an outrage to be ruled by the Minotaur, as one born of adultery, conspired against him and urged on Theseus, as a noble man, the son of Aegeus, king of Thessaly, to make war on him, arranging to betray the Minotaur and the whole land, and to give him his sister as a wife, Ariadne, she who was born of Pasiphae and King Minos; for he had from Pasiphae and Minos Androgeus and Ariadne. And Theseus came against him to Crete suddenly, and all the senators and the army, having abandoned the Minotaur, seemed to flee the city of Gortyn. And the Minotaur, having realized the betrayal, himself also fled into the land of Labyrinthos; and having gone up on a mountain, he entered a cave, hiding himself. And Theseus, having pursued him, learned from someone where he was hidden; whom he drove out and killed immediately. And having entered the city of Gortyn, he celebrated a triumph for the victory over the Minotaur; and he was praised by the senators and by the whole country. And he asked them to go away to Aegeus, his father, so that he might also celebrate the victory before him. But before he sailed to his father, a certain sailor departed and reported to King 88 Aegeus, the father of Theseus, that the Minotaur had escaped from the city; and he supposed that the Cretans had played a trick on him; for it was said of them, "Cretans are always liars"; and he threw himself into the sea and perished. So Theseus, upon arriving, found him dead; and being persuaded by his own senate, he scorned the kingdom of Crete and Ariadne, his own father having reigned over Thessaly, and took to wife Ilia who was called Phaedra. But Ariadne, having entered the temple of Zeus, remained a virgin priestess, until she died there. In those same times the false desire of Phaedra for Hippolytus, her stepson, the son of Theseus by a concubine, was talked about in Thessaly; concerning whom the most wise Euripides after these things wrote a drama in verse. So 52 years after the death of Pasiphae are the events concerning Phaedra, as the most wise chronicler Domninus has recorded. And in appearance Phaedra was perfect, well-dressed, with large eyes, and modest. But Hippolytus was perfect in appearance, strong, dark-skinned, with short hair, somewhat snub-nosed, with a broad face, having large teeth, with a sparse beard, a hunter, and was modest and quiet. But Theseus the
22
μοιχευθεῖσα υἱὸν τὸν κληθέντα Μινώταυρον, μεσάσαντος τῇ μοιχείᾳ τῆς πορνείας τοῦ ∆αιδάλου καὶ τοῦ Ἰκάρου. ὁ δὲ Μίνωος βασιλεὺς τὴν Πασιφάην ἀποκλείσας ἐν τῷ κουβουκλείῳ μετὰ δύο δουλίδων παρεῖχεν αὐτῇ τροφήν, καὶ εἴασεν αὐτὴν ἐκεῖ, μηκέτι ἑωρακὼς αὐτήν. καὶ ἐκείνη θλιβομένη, ὡς λυθεῖσα τῆς βασιλικῆς ἀξίας, νόσῳ βληθεῖσα ἐτελεύτα· ὁ δὲ ∆αίδαλος καὶ ὁ Ἴκαρος ἐφονεύθησαν· ὁ μὲν Ἴκαρος φεύγων τῆς φρουρᾶς, ὡς πλέει, ἐποντίσθη, ὁ δὲ ∆αίδαλος ἐσφάγη. περὶ δὲ τῆς Πασιφάης ἐξέθετο δρᾶμα ὁ Εὐριπίδης ὁ ποιητής. Ἐν αὐτοῖς δὲ τοῖς χρόνοις Ἡρακλῆς ὁ τελεστὴς ὁ μυστικὸς ἄθλους ποιήσας, ἀπελθὼν ἐν τῇ Λιβύῃ χώρᾳ συνέβαλε τῷ Ἀντέωνι, καὶ αὐτῷ ὄντι μυστικῷ, ποιοῦντι δὲ γήινά τινα. καὶ νικήσας αὐτὸν ὁ Ἡρακλῆς ἐφόνευσεν αὐτόν· ὅστις Ἡρακλῆς, μετὰ τὴν νίκην νόσῳ βληθείς, ἑαυτὸν εἰς πῦρ ἔβαλε καὶ ἐτελεύτα· περὶ οὗ ∆ίδυμος ὁ σοφώτατος συνεγράψατο. τοῦ δὲ Ἰλίου τότε ἐβασίλευσε μετὰ ∆άρδανον Λαομέδων, ὁ αὐτοῦ υἱός. Μετὰ δὲ Σαμψὼν ἡγεῖτο τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ Ἠλὶ ὁ ἱερεύς. Ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἀνωτέρω χρόνοις ἐτελεύτα ὁ Ἀνδρόγηος, ὁ υἱὸς τῆς Πασιφάης καὶ τοῦ Μίνωος, βασιλέως τῆς Κρήτης· ὡσαύ 87 τως δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς Μίνωος ἐτελεύτησε, καὶ ἐκέλευσε μέλλων τελευτᾶν βασιλεῦσαι τῆς Κρήτης τὸν Μινώταυρον. καὶ μετὰ τὴν τούτου τελευτὴν τοῦ Μίνωος ἐβασίλευσε τῆς Κρήτης ὁ Μινώταυρος, ὁ Πασιφάης υἱὸς καὶ Ταύρου τοῦ νοταρίου αὐτῆς. καὶ ὕβριν λογιζόμενοι οἱ συγκλητικοὶ τῆς Κρήτης τὸ βασιλευθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ Μινωταύρου, ὡς μοιχογεννήτου, συσκευάζονται αὐτῷ καὶ προτρέπονται τὸν Θησέα, ὡς γενναῖον, τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ Αἰγέως, βασιλέως τῆς Θεσσαλίας, εἰς τὸ πολεμῆσαι αὐτῷ, συνταξάμενοι προδίδειν τὸν Μινώταυρον καὶ τὴν χώραν πᾶσαν, καὶ διδόναι αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτοῦ εἰς γυναῖκα, τὴν Ἀριάδνην, τὴν ἐκ Πασιφάης καὶ τοῦ Μίνωος βασιλέως· εἶχε γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς Πασιφάης καὶ τοῦ Μίνωος τὸν Ἀνδρόγηον καὶ τὴν Ἀριάδνην. καὶ ἦλθε κατ' αὐτοῦ ὁ Θησεὺς εἰς τὴν Κρήτην ἐξαίφνης, καὶ πάντες ἐάσαντες τὸν Μινώταυρον οἱ συγκλητικοὶ καὶ ὁ στρατὸς ἔδοξαν φεύγειν τὴν πόλιν Γόρτυναν. καὶ γνοὺς ὁ Μινώταυρος τὴν προδοσίαν ἔφυγε καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς τὴν Λαβύρινθον χώραν· καὶ ἀνελθὼν ἐν ὄρει εἰσῆλθεν εἰς σπήλαιον κρυπτόμενος. καὶ καταδιώξας αὐτὸν ὁ Θησεὺς ἔμαθεν ὑπό τινος ποῦ κέκρυπται· ὅντινα ἐκβαλὼν ἐφόνευσεν εὐθέως. καὶ εἰσελθὼν ἐν τῇ πόλει Γορτύνῃ ἐθριάμβευσε τὴν κατὰ τοῦ Μινωταύρου νίκην· καὶ εὐφημεῖτο ἀπὸ τῶν συγκλητικῶν καὶ ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς χώρας. καὶ ᾔτησεν αὐτοὺς ἀπελθεῖν πρὸς τὸν Αἰγέα, τὸν αὐτοῦ πατέρα, ἵνα καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν θριαμβεύσῃ τὴν νίκην. πρὸ τοῦ δὲ αὐτὸν καταπλεῦσαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ, ἀπελθών τις ναύτης ἀνήγγειλε τῷ βασιλεῖ 88 Αἰγεῖ, τῷ πατρὶ τοῦ Θησέως, ὅτι ἐξέφυγεν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὁ Μινώταυρος· καὶ ὑπέλαβεν ὅτι ἄλην αὐτῷ ἐποίησαν οἱ Κρῆτες· ἐξέθεντο γὰρ περὶ αὐτῶν, Κρῆτες ἀεὶ ψεῦσται· καὶ ἔῤῥιψεν ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἀπώλετο. ἐλθὼν οὖν ὁ Θησεὺς εὗρεν αὐτὸν τελευτήσαντα· καὶ πεισθεὶς τῇ ἰδίᾳ συγκλήτῳ περιεφρόνησε τῆς βασιλείας τῆς Κρήτης καὶ τῆς Ἀριάδνης, βασιλεύσαντος τοῦ ἰδίου πατρὸς τῆς Θεσσαλίας, καὶ ἠγάγετο γυναῖκα τὴν Ἰλίαν τὴν λεγομένην Φαίδραν. ἡ δὲ Ἀριάδνη εἰσελθοῦσα ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τοῦ ∆ιὸς ἔμενεν ἱέρεια παρθένος, ἕως οὗ ἐκεῖ ἐτελεύτησε. Ἐν αὐτοῖς δὲ τοῖς χρόνοις ἐθρυλεῖτο ἐν τῇ Θεσσαλίᾳ ὁ ψεύστης πόθος τῆς Φαίδρας ὁ πρὸς Ἱππόλυτον, τὸν πρόγονον αὐτῆς, υἱὸν δὲ Θησέως ἐκ παλλακῆς· περὶ ἧς ὁ σοφώτατος Εὐριπίδης μετὰ ταῦτα συνεγράψατο δρᾶμα ποιητικῶς. μετὰ οὖν νβʹ ἔτη τοῦ τελευτῆσαι τὴν Πασιφάην ἐστὶ τὰ κατὰ τὴν Φαίδραν, καθὼς ὁ σοφώτατος ∆ομνῖνος ὁ χρονογράφος ὑπεμνημάτισε. τῇ δὲ θέᾳ ἦν ἡ Φαίδρα τελεία, εὔστολος, μάκροψις, σώφρων. ὁ δὲ Ἱππόλυτος τῇ θέᾳ ἦν τέλειος, εὐσθενής, μελάγχροος, κονδόθριξ, ὑπόσιμος, πλατόψις, ὀδόντας ἔχων μεγάλους, σπανὸς τὸ γένειον, κυνηγέτης, σώφρων δὲ καὶ ἥσυχος. ὁ δὲ Θησεὺς ὁ