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and of a noble man in matters of war. For Bocchus, having been tamed by Sulla, and having been led to goodwill by the kindness of his speech, Jugurtha, who had fled to him after the defeat, although he was his son-in-law, coming with a few soldiers, he gives to Sulla to take away, and he himself chose the side of the Romans. Thus, indeed, moderate speech and kindness often accomplished greater things than arms and populous armies. At any rate Sulla, boasting greatly about these things, and appropriating to himself everything done concerning Jugurtha, came to such a point of ambition as to engrave an image of the deed on a ring; for there was engraved Bocchus handing over, and Sulla receiving Jugurtha; at which, indeed, Marius began to be angry with him and to envy him secretly. 65 Ibid.: That Tryphon treacherously did away with Antiochus, the king of Syria, of whom a little before he had been an ally; and having succeeded to the rule himself, he is immediately destroyed by the Syrians. And Antiochus Sidetes takes power, being the son of the first Demetrius (sc. Soter), and the brother of the second Demetrius (sc. Nicator). 66 Ibid.: That Antiochus, surnamed Sidetes, who sacked Jerusalem, king of Syria, having waged war against Arsaces the ruler of the Parthians, is killed, in the ninth year of his reign. And Seleucus succeeds him in the rule. But he is deposed from power by Demetrius, who had returned again, and he flees to the Parthian, and having taken his daughter, remains in the country. 2. And at that time the Scythians overran Mesopotamia, and were plundering the kingdom of Arsaces, the Parthian himself is killed in the war, and the one who took over the leadership after him becomes a tributary to the Scythians. 3. But Alexander the elder, coming from Arabia, and bringing a great multitude of javelin-throwers, made war against Demetrius in Syria. And as the battle between them extended for a long time, Demetrius flees to Tyre, and being captured is killed, having enjoyed the rule for four years. And his son Seleucus is destroyed along with him in Damascus, treacherously murdered by his own mother, Apame. 67 Exc. De virt.: That Gaius Marius, having become consul for the sixth time, provided a cause for the political disturbance. For the senate, aware of the revolutionary acts by Mithridates, who had already taken Asia and Greece, appointed Cornelius Sulla the consul as commander of this war. But since he was spending time in Campania with his army, settling the war of the allies which had been stirred up, and destroying what was the remnant of this disturbance, Marius, desiring the command of the expedition to Asia and taking Sulpicius the tribune, a wicked man and one who was disturbing Rome with all daring and cruelty, compels the senate by multitude and by arms to appoint him against Mithridates. And he almost managed to kill Sulla, who was present from the camp; but since he said he yielded to what was happening, he let him go unharmed. And he, having returned again to the soldiers, and having related what had been done, leads the army in battle array against the city, and he prevails over those around Marius who were arrayed against him, and being the first of the Romans to enter the city under arms, he slaughters Sulpicius the tribune, who was informed against by his servant, and Marius an exile from the city **. 68 Ibid.: That when the civil wars had ceased, murders and proscriptions of the distinguished houses followed in Rome, with Sulla proceeding to every extremity against his opponents, so that the death of Marius was considered by the Romans not a deliverance, but a change of tyranny. For at first, having resolved to get his greatest enemies among the citizens out of the way, he went through the city and the rest of Italy with all cruelty. And finally, there were some whom he destroyed either for the sake of money or property for the benefit of his own friends. At any rate, it is said that Quintus, a distinguished man, and both reasonable and

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καὶ γενναίου τὰ πολεμικά. Ὁ γάρ τοι Βόκχος τιθασσευθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ Σύλλου, καὶ φιλοφροσύνῃ λόγου πρὸς εὔνοιαν ὑπαχθεὶς, τὸν μὲν Ἰουγούρθαν καταφυγόντα μετὰ τὴν ἧτταν ὡς αὐτὸν, καίτοι γαμβρὸν ὄντα, σὺν ὀλίγοις στρατιώταις ἀφικόμενος τῷ Σύλλᾳ δίδωσιν ἄγειν, αὐτὸς δὲ τὰ Ῥωμαίων εἵλετο. Οὕτως ἄρα λόγος μέτριος καὶ φιλοφροσύνη μείζονα πολλάκις τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν πολυανθρώπων καθώρθωσε στρατοπέδων. Ὁ γοῦν Σύλλας ἐπὶ τούτων μεγαλαυχούμενος, καὶ πᾶν τὸ πραχθὲν περὶ τὸν Ἰουγούρθαν οἰκειούμενος, ἐς τοῦτο προῆλθε φιλοτιμίας, ὡς ἐντυπῶσαι δακτυλίῳ τὴν εἰκόνα τῆς πράξεως· ἐνεγέγλυπτο γὰρ ὁ μὲν Βόκχος παραδιδοὺς, ὁ δὲ Σύλλας τὸν Ἰουγούρθαν παραλαμβάνων· ἐφ' ᾧ δὴ χαλεπαίνειν αὐτῷ καὶ φθονεῖν ἀδήλως ὁ Μάριος ἤρξατο. 65 ιβιδ.: Ὅτι Τρύφων τὸν βασιλέα Συρίας Ἀντίοχον, οὗ μικρὸν πρόσθεν σύμμαχος ἐγεγόνει, διεχρήσατο δόλῳ· αὐτός τε τὴν ἀρχὴν διαδεξάμενος, αὐτίκα ὑπὸ τῶν Σύρων διαφθείρεται. Κρατεῖ δὲ τῆς ἡγεμονίας Ἀντίοχος ὁ Σιδήτης, ∆ημητρίου μὲν παῖς τοῦ προτέρου (sc. τοῦ Σωτῆρος) γεγονὼς, ἀδελφὸς δὲ τοῦ δευτέρου ∆ημητρίου (sc. τοῦ Νικάτορος). 66 Ibid.: Ὅτι Ἀντίοχος ὁ Σιδήτης ἐπίκλην, ὁ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ πορθήσας, Συρίας βασιλεὺς, Ἀρσάκῃ τῷ Παρθυαίων δυνάστῃ προσπολεμήσας, ἀναιρεῖται, ἐνάτῳ τῆς βασιλείας ἐνιαυτῷ. Σέλευκος δὲ ἐπὶ τούτῳ τὴν ἀρχὴν διαδέχεται. Ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν ὑπὸ ∆ημητρίου αὖθις ἐπανελθόντος καθαιρεῖται τῆς ἐξουσίας, καταφεύγει τε πρὸς τὸν Παρθυαῖον, καὶ τὴν αὐτοῦ θυγατέρα λαβὼν, μένει κατὰ τὴν χώραν. 2. Σκυθῶν δὲ τότε τὴν μέσην τῶν ποταμῶν ἐπιτρεχόντων, καὶ τὴν Ἀρσάκου βασιλείαν ληιζομένων, αὐτός τε ὁ Παρθυαῖος κατὰ τὸν πόλεμον ἀναιρεῖται, καὶ ὁ μετὰ τοῦτον τὴν ἡγεμονίαν παρειληφὼς, ὑπόφορος γίνεται Σκύθαις. 3. Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτερος, ἐκ τῆς Ἀραβίας ἥκων, πολύ τε πλῆθος ἀκοντιστῶν ἐπαγόμενος, ∆ημητρίῳ κατὰ τὴν Συρίαν ἐπολέμει. Ἐπὶ πολύ τε αὐτοῖς τῆς μάχης ἐκτεινομένης φεύγει ∆ημήτριος εἰς Τύρον, καὶ συλληφθεὶς ἀναιρεῖται, ἔτη δʹ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπολαύσας. Συνδιαφθείρεται δὲ τούτῳ κατὰ τὴν ∆αμασκὸν καὶ ὁ παῖς Σέλευκος, ὑπὸ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ μητρὸς δολοφονηθεὶς Ἀπάμης. 67 Exc. De virt.: Ὅτι αἰτίαν τῇ πολιτικῇ κινήσει παρεῖχε Γάϊος Μάριος, ἕκτον γεγονὼς ὕπατος. Ἡ μὲν γὰρ βουλὴ τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ Μιθριδάτου νεωτερισθέντων αἰσθομένη τήν τε Ἀσίαν ἤδη καὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα κατειληφότος, Κορνήλιον Σύλλαν τὸν ὕπατον ἡγεμόνα τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου προεχειρίσατο. Ἐπεὶ δὲ οὗτος κατὰ τὴν Καμπανίαν σὺν στρατιᾷ διέτριβε, τὸν κινηθέντα τῶν συμμάχων πόλεμον καθιστάμενος, ἀναιρῶν τε ὅπερ ἦν τῆσδε τῆς ταραχῆς λείψανον, ὁ Μάριος ἐπιθυμήσας τῆς ἐπὶ τὴν Ἀσίαν στρατηλασίας καὶ προσλαβὼν Σουλπίκιον τὸν δήμαρχον, ἄνδρα μοχθηρὸν καὶ μετὰ πάσης τόλμης καὶ ὠμότητος τὴν Ῥώμην ταράσσοντα, βιάζεται πλήθει καὶ ὅπλοις τὴν βουλὴν αὐτὸν ἀντιτάξαι τῷ Μιθριδάτῃ. Καὶ τὸν Σύλλαν ἀπὸ στρατοπέδου πάροντα μικροῦ μὲν ἐδέησεν ἀνελεῖν· ἐπεὶ δὲ συγχωρεῖν αὐτὸς ἔφη τοῖς γινομένοις, παρῆκεν ἀπαθῆ. Καὶ ὃς ἀφικόμενος αὖθις πρὸς τοὺς στρατιώτας, καὶ τὰ πεπραγμένα διεξελθὼν ἐπάγει τῇ πόλει συντεταγμένην τὴν στρατιὰν, καὶ κρατεῖ τῶν περὶ τὸν Μάριον ἀντιταξαμένων, πρῶτός τε Ῥωμαίων σὺν ὅπλοις ἐντὸς παρελθὼν τῆς πόλεως, Σουλπίκιον μὲν τὸν δήμαρχον καταμηνυθέντα πρὸς τοῦ θεράποντος ἀποσφάττει, Μάριον δὲ φυγάδα τῆς πόλεως **. 68 Ibid.: Ὅτι ληξάντων τῶν ἐμφυλίων πολέμων φόνοι καὶ προγραφαὶ τῶν ἐπιφανῶν οἴκων διεδέξαντο τὴν Ῥώμην, ἐς πᾶν ἐπεξιόντος τοῦ Σύλλου τοῖς ἀντιστασιώταις, ὡς τὴν Μαρίου τελευτὴν οὐκ ἀπαλλαγὴν, ἀλλὰ μεταβολὴν τυραννίδος νομισθῆναι Ῥωμαίοις. Τὰ μὲν γὰρ πρῶτα τοὺς ἐχθίστους οἱ τῶν πολιτῶν ἐκποδὼν ποιήσασθαι διεγνωκὼς, διὰ πάσης ὠμότητος ἐπεξῄει τήν τε πόλιν καὶ τὴν ἄλλην Ἰταλίαν. Τελευτῶν δὲ ἔστιν οὓς ἢ χρημάτων ἢ κτημάτων ἕνεκα ἐπ' ὠφελείᾳ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ φίλων διέφθειρε. Λέγεται γοῦν Κόϊντον ἄνδρα ἐπιφανῆ, ἐπιεικῆ τε καὶ