23

our path; much more so, since we are about to depart for heaven, do we need the impulse from above, that it may both show and strengthen and lead by the hand; for many are the paths that turn aside. For this reason let us hold to the right hand of God. Because of my enemies. Many enemies, he says, have risen up, wishing to turn aside my steps, and to make me wander, and to lead me to another path. Since, therefore, such are the plots, such are the attacks, guide me Yourself. For I have need of the alliance from you. But to be guided, is His doing; but to be worthy to be held by that hand, let that be our earnest endeavor. For if you are unclean, that hand does not hold you; if you are greedy, if you have any other stain. Make my way straight before you; that is, make it clear to me, plain, known; cut it straight for me. But another interpreter said: Make your way smooth before me; that is, make it easy, convenient. Because there is no truth in their mouth, their heart is vain. It seems to me that he says these things both concerning those who live in error, accusing their mouth, and their mind as destitute of all good; and concerning those who live in wickedness. Their throat is an open sepulchre. He either speaks here of what is murderous, or of offering doctrines that are dead, and foul-smelling. One would not err in so calling the mouths of those who utter shameful words, an open sepulchre. For 55.68 that stench is far worse than the perceptible one, being born from a rottenness of soul; and the mouths of the greedy are such, when they utter nothing sound, but murders and robberies. Let not your mouth, therefore, be a tomb, but a treasury. For treasuries differ greatly from tombs, because the latter destroy whatever they receive, while the former preserve it. Have, therefore, a wealth of philosophy that always remains, and not some stench and decay. And he did not simply say, a tomb, but, an open one, so as to show that the abomination is even greater. For it is necessary to hide such words, but they even utter them, so as to display their disease all the more. And in the case of dead bodies we do the opposite, we commit them to the earth; but these people do the opposite with these words, and what ought to be hidden down in the depth of the heart and suffocated, they bring forth, both harming many, and setting it before all to see. But let us drive away such people, I beseech you. For if we bury dead bodies outside the city, much more ought we to make those who speak dead words, and those who utter such things and are not willing even to conceal them, to dwell somewhere far away; since such mouths are a common plague of the city. With their tongues they have used deceit. You have seen another form of wickedness. Some hide deceit in their mind, offering pleasant words; but others use such cleverness as to conceal their wickedness in the words themselves, and to weave deceits and plots. Judge them, O God; let them fall from their own counsels. See here too the gentleness of the prayer. For he did not say, Punish, but, Judge them, and make them cease from wickedness; make their contrivances to fail; which is also to pray for them, that the things of their wickedness may no longer proceed for them. According to the multitude of their impieties cast them out, because they have provoked you, O Lord. That is, I care nothing for the things done to me, but I grieve for the things done to you. For this is especially the mark of a philosopher's soul, not to take revenge for one's own injuries, but to go out vehemently for the things done against God. Many do the opposite of these things, overlooking the things of God, but avenging their own with much vehemence, but not so the saints, but they were vehement punishers of the things done against God, but overlooked their own. And let all who hope in you be glad. See the gain of the prayer. Both those will be better, and

23

ἡμῖν τὴν ὁδόν· πολλῷ μᾶλλον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀποδημεῖν μέλλοντες, χρείαν ἔχομεν τῆς ἄνωθεν ῥοπῆς, ἵνα καὶ δείξῃ καὶ στηρίξῃ καὶ χειραγωγήσῃ· πολλαὶ γὰρ ἀτραποὶ αἱ ἐκτρέπουσαι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐχώμεθα τῆς δεξιᾶς τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἕνεκα τῶν ἐχθρῶν μου. Πολλοὶ ἐπανέστησαν, φησὶ, πολέμιοι βουλόμενοί μου παρεκκλῖναι τὰ διαβήματα, καὶ πλανῆσαι, καὶ πρὸς ἑτέραν ὁδὸν ἀγαγεῖν. Ἐπεὶ οὖν τοιαῦται αἱ ἐπιβουλαὶ, τοιαῦται αἱ ἔφοδοι, ὁδήγησόν με αὐτός. Τῆς γὰρ παρὰ σοῦ χρείαν ἔχω συμμαχίας. Ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν ὁδηγηθῆναι, αὐτοῦ γίνεται· τὸ δὲ ἄξιον εἶναι τοῦ κρατηθῆναι ὑπὸ τῆς χειρὸς ἐκείνης, τῆς ἡμετέρας γενέσθω σπουδῆς. Ἂν γὰρ ᾖς ἀκάθαρτος, οὐ κατέχει σε ἡ χεὶρ ἐκείνη· ἂν ᾖς πλεονέκτης, ἂν ἑτέραν τινὰ κηλῖδα ἔχων. Κατεύθυνον ἐνώπιόν σου τὴν ὁδόν μου· τουτέστι, δήλην μοι ποίησον, σαφῆ, γνωρίμην· ὀρθοτόμησον αὐτὴν παρ' ἐμοί. Ἕτερος δὲ ἑρμηνευτὴς εἶπεν· Ὁμάλισον ἔμπροσθέν μου τὴν ὁδόν σου· τουτέστι, ῥᾳδίαν ποίησον, εὔκολον. Ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν ἀλήθεια, ἡ καρδία αὐτῶν ματαία. Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐν πλάνῃ διαγόντων ταῦτα λέγειν, τό τε στόμα διαβάλλουσα, καὶ τὴν διάνοιαν ὡς ἐρήμην παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ· καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐν πονηρίᾳ ζώντων. Τάφος ἀνεῳγμένος ὁ λάρυγξ αὐτῶν. Ἤτοι τὸ φονικὸν ἐνταῦθα λέγει, ἢ τὸ νεκρὰ προσφέρειν δόγματα, καὶ δυσώδη. Οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι, καὶ τῶν αἰσχρὰ φθεγγομένων ῥήματα τὰ στόματα οὕτω καλέσας, τάφον ἀνεῳγμένον. Πολὺ γὰρ 55.68 τῆς αἰσθητῆς δυσωδίας ἐκείνη χαλεπωτέρα, ἀπὸ σηπεδόνος τικτομένη ψυχῆς· καὶ τῶν πλεονεκτῶν τὰ στόματα τοιαῦτα, ὅταν μηδὲν ὑγιὲς προφέρωσιν, ἀλλὰ φόνους καὶ ἁρπαγάς. Μὴ τοίνυν ἔστω τάφος τὸ στόμα σου, ἀλλὰ θησαυρός. Πολὺ γὰρ οἱ θησαυροὶ διενηνόχασι τῶν τάφων, ὅτι ἐκεῖνοι μὲν φθείρουσιν ὅπερ ἂν λάβωσιν, οὗτοι δὲ διατηροῦσιν. Ἔχε τοίνυν καὶ σὺ πλοῦτον φιλοσοφίας ἀεὶ μένοντα, ἀλλὰ μὴ δυσωδίαν τινὰ καὶ σηπεδόνα. Καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἶπε, τάφον, ἀλλ', ἀνεῳγμένον, ὥστε καὶ πλείονα δηλῶσαι τὴν βδελυγμίαν γίνεσθαι. ∆έον γὰρ κρύπτειν τὰ τοιαῦτα ῥήματα, οἱ δὲ καὶ ἐκφέρουσιν, ὥστε μᾶλλον αὐτῶν τὴν νόσον ἐνδείκνυσθαι. Καὶ ἐπὶ μὲν τῶν νεκρῶν σωμάτων τὸ ἐναντίον ποιοῦντες, τῇ γῇ παραδίδομεν· οὗτοι δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων τὸ ἐναντίον ἐργάζονται, καὶ ὃ δέον κατακρύπτειν κάτω ἐν τῷ βάθει τῆς καρδίας καὶ ἀποπνίγειν, ἐκφέροντες, καὶ πολλοὺς παραβλάπτοντες, καὶ προτιθέντες πᾶσιν ὁρᾷν. Ἀλλ' ἐλαύνωμεν τοὺς τοιούτους, παρακαλῶ. Εἰ γὰρ τὰ νεκρὰ σώματα ἔξω τῆς πόλεως καταθάπτομεν, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τοὺς τὰ νεκρὰ ῥήματα, καὶ τοὺς τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐκφέροντας, καὶ οὐδὲ συσκιάσαι βουλομένους πόῤῥω που κατοικίζειν χρή· ἐπειδὴ κοινὴ τῆς πόλεως λύμη τὰ τοιαῦτα στόματά ἐστιν. Ταῖς γλώσσαις αὐτῶν ἐδολιοῦσαν. Εἶδες ἕτερον κακίας εἶδος. Οἱ μὲν ἐν τῇ διανοίᾳ κατακρύπτουσι τὸν δόλον, ῥήματα προσηνῆ προσφέροντες· οἱ δὲ τοσαύτῃ κέχρηνται τῇ δεινότητι, ὡς ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ῥήμασι συσκιάζειν τὴν πονηρίαν, καὶ ῥάπτειν δόλους καὶ ἐπιβουλάς. Κρῖνον αὐτοὺς, ὁ Θεός· ἀποπεσάτωσαν ἀπὸ τῶν διαβουλιῶν αὐτῶν. Ὅρα κἀνταῦθα τὴν ἡμερότητα τῆς εὐχῆς. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπε, Κόλασον, ἀλλὰ, Κρῖνον αὐτοὺς, καὶ παῦσον τῆς πονηρίας· ἀνήνυτα αὐτῶν ποίησον τὰ μηχανήματα· ὅπερ καὶ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν εὔχεσθαί ἐστι, τοῦ μηκέτι προϊέναι τὰ τῆς κακίας αὐτοῖς. Κατὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἀσεβειῶν αὐτῶν ἔξωσον αὐτοὺς, ὅτι παρεπίκρανάν σε, Κύριε. Τουτέστιν, Οὐδέν μοι μέλει τῶν εἰς ἐμὲ γενομένων, ἀλλ' ὑπὲρ τῶν σῶν ἀλγῶ. Τοῦτο γὰρ μάλιστα φιλοσόφου ψυχῆς, ὑπὲρ μὲν τῶν οἰκείων μὴ ἀμύνεσθαι, ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν εἰς Θεὸν γινομένων σφόδρα ἐπεξιέναι. Τούτων τἀναντία πολλοὶ ποιοῦσι, τὰ μὲν τοῦ Θεοῦ παρορῶντες, τὰ δὲ ἑαυτῶν μετὰ πολλῆς ἐκδικοῦντες τῆς σφοδρότητος, ἀλλ' οὐχ οἱ ἅγιοι οὕτως, ἀλλὰ σφοδροὶ τιμωροὶ τῶν εἰς Θεὸν γινομένων ἦσαν, τὰ δὲ ἑαυτῶν παρεώρων. Καὶ εὐφρανθήτωσαν πάντες οἱ ἐλπίζοντες ἐπὶ σέ. Ὅρα τῆς εὐχῆς τὸ κέρδος. Κἀκεῖνοι βελτίους ἔσονται, καὶ