24

for he speaks. On the day of judgment, the word that called us to salvation will punish those who have disobeyed. 438 {3Jο 12, 49}3Being the Word of the Father, he himself interprets and makes manifest the things in the Father. Therefore he also says he has received a commandment; for so also in us the word makes public the things in the mind. 439 {3Jο 12, 49}3He says he does these things as from the Father, since the Jews saw him refashioning the shadow of the law toward what is more spiritual. 440 {3Jο 12, 50}3Saying this, he did not take away his own authority, but shows that there is nothing alien to the Father in the Son. I speak nothing contrary to the Father nor as my own only, but as common. 441 {3Jο 13, 1}3He knew his passion beforehand, therefore it must be said that he came willingly to suffer; for unwillingly he would not have endured such an outrageous death. He calls "hour" the feast of the Passover, during which he suffered, he calls his death a "passing over." 442 {3Jο 13, 1}3He loved them even before the Passover, having become human; but when he also gave himself up to die, then he perfectly showed his love for mankind. He has not only Jews, but also others as his own, as creator. He calls all those in the world his own. 443 {3Jο 13, 2}3He calls the salvation of the faithful a "tradition," which he himself in turn hands over to the Father, because he was begotten from the substance of the Father. 445 {3Jο 13, 2}3As if astonished, the evangelist says that he washed the feet of the one who had purposed to betray him to death. On the fifth day, the supper; on the fourth day, Judas agreed to betray Christ, therefore he said, "the devil having already put into the heart" that Judas should betray him. 446 {3Jο 13, 6}3Through his touch he was cleansing their feet for the preparation of the gospel. And it also leads to humility. 447 {3Jο 13, 7}3"When," he says, "I am taken up, then from the grace of the Spirit you will learn what is happening." 448 {3Jο 13, 8}3"If you do not accept the lesson of humility, you have no part with me;" that is, if one does not wash away the filth of sin through the grace of Christ, he does not attain life nor enjoy the kingdom of heaven. 449 {3Jο 13, 9}3Having at first objected out of humility, now out of an excess of reverence he says something more. Peter said both out of intense love. 450 {3Jο 13, 11}3They were clean, having been enlightened by the teaching and freed from the Jewish error and having cast off all wickedness by being with Christ. But by the things through which he testifies to the cleanness of the others, he shows the one who is not clean to be polluted. 451 {3Jο 13, 13}3By saying "I am," he showed that he is by nature God and teacher. 452 {3Jο 13, 14}3He did not wash them because they were dirty, but to teach moderation. The washing does not take the place of a bath nor does it lighten sins, but it leads to perfect virtue. 453 {3Jο 13, 15}3Not only in word, but also in deed he has given the example of perfect humility. 454 {3Jο 13, 17}3It is not knowing virtue that is commendable, but practicing it; for to know and not to do brings greater punishment. Knowing perhaps belongs to many, but doing does not belong to all. Therefore he said: "Blessed are you if you do them." 455 {3Jο 13, 18}3Judas was not compelled to betray so that the words of the Spirit might come to pass, which is full of all blasphemy, but so that we might know that the scripture spoke about him whom we see having done what was foretold. And if the Lord chose Judas and he transgressed, nothing comes of this; for he chose him while he was good, and he was changed, like Adam and Saul; for God does not take away free will, but allows each to act as he wishes, so that the evil may be punished and the virtuous may be crowned. 456 {3Jο 13, 26}3Through the morsel the Lord fulfilled the prophecy that says, "He who eats my bread has lifted his heel against me." 457 {3Jο 13, 27}3On the fourth day Satan put it into Judas to betray the Lord, and he spoke this to the Jews on the evening of the fifth day. Since he saw Judas wanting to betray the Lord in deed and hastening to do it, then he entered into him. Therefore, it is one thing to put into him and another to enter into him, just as it is one thing to strike someone with the hand from without and

24

γὰρ λαλεῖ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως ὁ πρὸς σωτηρίαν ἡμᾶς καλέσας λόγος ἀπειθήσαντας τιμω ρεῖται. 438 {3Jο 12, 49}3Λόγος ὢν τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτὸς ἑρμηνεύει τὰ ἐν τῷ πατρὶ καὶ φανεροποιεῖ. διὸ καὶ ἐντολὴν ἑαυτὸν εἰληφέναι λέγει· οὕτω γὰρ καὶἐν ἡμῖν λόγος δημο σιεύει τὰ ἐν τῷ νῷ. 439 {3Jο 12, 49}3Ὡς ἐκ πατρὸς λέγει ταῦτα ποιεῖν, ἐπείπερ ἑώρων αὐτὸν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι τὴν τοῦ νόμου σκιὰν μεταπλάττοντα ἐπὶ τὸ πνευματικώτερον. 440 {3Jο 12, 50}3Τοῦτο λέγων οὐ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἐξουσίαν ἀνῄρει, ἀλλὰ δείκνυσιν, ὅτι οὐδὲν ἀλλότριον πατρὸς ἐν υἱῷ. οὐδὲν ἐναντίον φθέγγομαι τῷ πατρὶ οὐδὲ ὡς ἴδιον μόνον, ἀλλὰ κοινόν. 441 {3Jο 13, 1}3Προῄδει τὸ πάθος, διὸ λεκτέον, ὅτι ἑκὼν ἦλθεν εἰς τὸ παθεῖν· οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἄκων ὑπέμενεν τὸν οὕτως ἐφύβριστον θάνατον. ὥραν λέγει τὴν τοῦ πάσχα ἑορτήν, καθ' ἣν πέπονθε, μετάβασιν λέγει τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ. 442 {3Jο 13, 1}3Ἠγάπα μὲν αὐτοὺς καὶ πρὸ τοῦ πάσχα γεγονὼς ἄνθρωποσὅτε δὲ καὶ ἐπέδωκεν ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ ἀποθανεῖν, τότε τελείως ἐνεδείξατο τὴν εἰς τοὺς ἀνθρώ πους ἀγάπην. οὐ μόνον Ἰουδαίους, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλους ἔχει ἰδίους ὡς δημι ουργός. ἰδίους λέγει πάντας τοὺς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ. 443 {3Jο 13, 2}3Παράδοσιν καλεῖ τὴν τῶν πιστῶν σωτηρίαν, ἣν καὶ αὐτὸς ἀντιπαραδίδωσι τῷ πατρί, ὅτι ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας ἐγεννήθη τοῦ πατρός. 445 {3Jο 13, 2}3Ὡς ἐκπληττόμενος ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς λέγει, ὅτι τοῦ προθεμένου αὐτὸν παρα δοῦναι εἰς θάνατον τοὺς πόδας ἔνιψεν. τῇ πέμπτῃ τὸ δεῖπνον, τῇ τετράδι ὁ Ἰούδας συνέθετο παραδοῦναι τὸν Χριστόν, διὸ εἶπε τοῦ διαβόλου ἤδη βεβληκότος εἰς τὴν καρδίαν, ἵνα παραδῷ αὐτὸν ὁ Ἰούδας. 446 {3Jο 13, 6}3∆ιὰ τῆς ἁφῆς ἐκαθάριζεν αὐτῶν τοὺς πόδας εἰς ἑτοιμασίαν τοῦ εὐαγ γελίου. ἄγει δὲ καὶ εἰς ταπεινοφροσύνην. 447 {3Jο 13, 7}3Ὅταν, φησίν, ἀναληφθῶ, τότε ἐκ τῆς τοῦ πνεύματος χάριτος μαθήσῃ τὸ γινόμενον. 448 {3Jο 13, 8}3Ἐὰν μὴ καταδέξῃ τὸ τῆς ταπεινοφροσύνης μάθημα, οὐκ ἔχεις μέρος μετ' ἐμοῦ ἤτοι ἐὰν μή τις ἀπονίψηται τὸν τῆς ἁμαρτίας ῥύπον διὰ τῆς Χριστοῦ χάριτος, οὐ τυγχάνει τῆς ζωῆς οὔτε ἀπολαύει τῆς τῶν οὐρανῶν βασιλείας. 449 {3Jο 13, 9}3Τὴν ἀρχὴν διὰ ταπεινοφροσύνην ἀντειπὼν νῦν δι' ὑπερβολὴν εὐλαβείας περισσόν τι λέγει ἀμφότερα ὁ Πέτρος ἐξ ἀγάπης σφοδρᾶς εἰπών. 450 {3Jο 13, 11}3Καθαροὶ ἦσαν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ φωτισθέντες καὶ ἀπαλλαγέντες τῆς Ἰουδαϊκῆς πλάνης καὶ πᾶσαν πονηρίαν ἀποβαλόμενοι τῷ συνεῖναι Χριστῷ. δι' ὧν δὲ τοῖς ἄλλοις μαρτυρεῖ καθαρότητα, μεμολυσμένον ἀποδείκνυσι τὸν μὴ καθαρόν. 451 {3Jο 13, 13}3Εἰπὼν τὸ εἰμὶ ἔδειξεν, ὅτι φύσει θεός ἐστι καὶ διδάσκαλος. 452 {3Jο 13, 14}3Οὐχ ὅτι ῥυπαροὶ ἦσαν, ἔνιπτεν αὐτούς, ἀλλ' ἵνα διδάξῃ μετριάζειν. οὐ λουτροῦ τάξιν ἐπέχει ὁ νιπτὴρ οὐδὲ ἁμαρτήματα κουφίζει, ἀλλ' εἰς τελείαν ἀρετὴν ὁδηγεῖ. 453 {3Jο 13, 15}3Οὐ μόνον λόγῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔργῳ τῆς τελείας ταπεινοφροσύνης δέδωκε τὸ ὑπόδειγμα. 454 {3Jο 13, 17}3Οὐ τὸ εἰδέναι τὴν ἀρετὴν ζηλωτόν, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐργάζεσθαι· τὸ γὰρ εἰδέναι καὶ μὴ ποιεῖν πλείω κόλασιν ἐπάγει. τὸ δὲ εἰδέναι τυχὸν πολλῶν, τὸ δὲ ποιεῖν οὐ πάντων. διὸ εἶπεν· μακάριοί ἐστε ἐὰν ποιῆτε. 455 {3Jο 13, 18}3Οὐ διὰ τὸ ἀποβῆναι τοὺς τοῦ πνεύματος λόγους ἠναγκάσθη ὁ Ἰούδας προδοῦναι, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πάσης βλασφημίας ἀνάμεστον, ἀλλ' ἵνα γνῶμεν, ὅτι περὶ ἐκείνου εἶπεν ἡ γραφή, ὃν ὁρῶμεν ποιήσαντα τὸ προλεχθέν. εἰ δὲ ὁ κύριος ἐξελέξατο τὸν Ἰούδαν καὶ παρέβη, οὐδὲν ἐκ τούτου· καλὸν γὰρ ὄντα αὐτὸν ἐξελέξατο καὶ μετεβλήθη ὡς ὁ Ἀδὰμ καὶ ὁ Σαούλ· τὸ γὰρ αὐτεξούσιον οὐκ ἀναιρεῖ ὁ θεός, ἀλλὰ συγχωρεῖ ἕκαστον, καθὼς βούλεται, πράττειν, ἵνα καὶ οἱ κακοὶ κολασθῶσι καὶ οἱ ἐνάρετοι στεφανωθῶσιν. 456 {3Jο 13, 26}3∆ιὰ τοῦ ψωμίου ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ κύριος τὴν προφητείαν τὴν λέγουσαν «ὁ ἐσθίων ἄρτους μου, ἐμεγάλυνεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ πτερνισμόν». 457 {3Jο 13, 27}3Τῇ τετράδι ἐνέβαλεν ὁ σατανᾶς τῷ Ἰούδα, ἵνα προδῷ τὸν κύριον καὶ ἐλάλησε τοῦτο τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τῇ πέμπτῃ ἑσπέρας. ἐπειδὴ εἶδε τὸν Ἰούδαν θέλοντα ἔργῳ παραδοῦναι τὸν κύριον καὶ σπεύδοντα εἰς τοῦτο, τότε εἰσῆλθε εἰς αὐτόν. ἄλλο οὖν ἐστι τὸ ἐμβαλεῖν καὶ ἄλλο τὸ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς αὐτόν, ὥσπερ ἄλλο ἐστὶ τὸ πλῆξαί τινα χειρὶ ἔξωθεν καὶ