24

coming together, do not create strife among themselves, but out of harmony form one body and the generation of all things.

37

Therefore, things that are warring and contrary by nature would not have gathered themselves together, unless there were a greater one and a lord who bound them together, to whom the elements themselves, like servants obeying a master, yield and are persuaded; and not, each one looking to its own nature, does it fight against the other; but knowing the Lord who bound them, they have harmony among themselves, being contrary by nature, but friendly by the will of the one who governs. For if a single mixture of these things had not come to be by a greater command, how could the heavy with the light, or the dry with the moist, or the circular with the straight, or fire with cold, or in short the sea with the earth, or the sun with the moon, or the stars with the heaven, and the air with the clouds have been mixed and come together, since the nature of each is dissimilar to the other? For a great strife was bound to arise among them, with one burning, another cooling, and one being heavy pulling down, another being light from the opposite pulling up, and the sun giving light, the air darkening; for indeed the stars would have been in strife with themselves, because some have their position higher, others lower; and night would not have given way to day, but would have by all means remained fighting against it and being in strife. And if these things were happening, it would remain to see no longer order but disorder, no longer arrangement but disarrangement, no longer a constitution but the whole unconstituted, no longer measures but immeasurability. For by the strife and battle of each, either all things would have been destroyed, or only the prevailing one would have appeared. And this again would show the disorder of the universe. For by becoming alone and wanting for the service of the others, it would render the whole inharmonious; just as if also a single foot, and a single hand remained, it would not have saved the entire body. For what kind of order would it be, if only the sun appeared, or the moon alone went around, or it was only night, or it happened to be always day? And again what harmony would there be, if there were only the heaven without the stars, or the stars without the heaven? And what would be useful, if there were only sea, and if only land lay without waters and the other parts of creation? And how could man have appeared or any animal at all on earth, with the elements being in strife with one another, and with one being the prevailing one and not being able to suffice for the constitution of bodies? For nothing at all would have been constituted from only hot, or only cold, or only moist, or dry; but all things would be disordered and altogether uncompounded. But not even that which seemed to prevail would have been able to be constituted without the assistance of the others; for so even now it is constituted.

38

Since, therefore, there is not disorder but order in the universe, and not immeasurability but proportion, and not lack of order but order and an all-harmonious arrangement of order, it is necessary to reason and to get a notion of the Master who brought these things together and bound them fast, and works harmony among them. For even if he is not seen with the eyes, yet from the order and harmony of the contraries, it is possible to conceive of their ruler and arranger and king. For just as if we should behold a city, composed of many and different people, small and great, and again rich and poor, and again old and younger, and males and females, inhabited in an orderly way, and the people in it, though different, being in harmony with one another, with neither the rich rising up against the poor, nor the great against the small, nor the young against the old, but all living in peace according to equal measure; if we should see these things, we would by all means conceive that the presence of a ruler presides over the harmony, even if we do not see him. For disorder is a sign of anarchy; but order shows the one who is leading. For indeed seeing the harmony of the members in the body with one another, that the eye does not fight with the hearing, nor does the hand create strife with the foot, but each performs its own function without strife,

24

συνελθόντα οὐ στασιάζει πρὸς ἑαυτά, ἀλλ' ἐξ ὁμονοίας ἓν σῶμα καὶ τὴν πάντων γένεσιν ἀποτελοῦσιν.

37 Οὐκ ἂν οὖν μαχόμενα καὶ ἐναντία ὄντα τῇ φύσει ἑαυτὰ συνή γαγον, εἰ μὴ κρείττων ἦν καὶ κύριος ὁ συνδήσας αὐτά, ᾧ καὶ αὐτὰ τὰ στοιχεῖα, ὥσπερ δοῦλα δεσπότῃ ὑπακούοντα, εἴκει καὶ πείθεται· καὶ οὐκ, εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ φύσιν ἕκαστον σκοποῦν, ἀντιμάχεται πρὸς τὸ ἕτερον· ἀλλὰ τὸν συνδήσαντα Κύριον γινώσκοντα, ὁμόνοιαν ἔχουσι πρὸς ἑαυτά, φύσει μὲν ὄντα ἐναντία, τῇ δὲ τοῦ κυβερνῶντος βουλήσει φιλιάζοντα. ἐπεὶ εἰ μὴ κρείττονι προστάξει ἐγεγόνει τούτων μία κρᾶσις, πῶς ἂν τὸ βαρὺ τῷ ἐλαφρῷ, ἢ τὸ ξηρὸν τῷ ὑγρῷ, ἢ τὸ περιφερὲς τῷ ὀρθῷ, ἢ τὸ πῦρ τῷ ψυχρῷ, ἢ ὅλως ἡ θάλαττα τῇ γῇ, ἢ ὁ ἥλιος τῇ σελήνῃ, ἢ τὰ ἄστρα τῷ οὐρανῷ, καὶ ὁ ἀὴρ ταῖς νεφέλαις ἐμίγη καὶ συνῆλθεν, ἀνομοίου οὔσης τῆς ἑκάστου πρὸς τὸ ἕτερον φύσεως; ἔμελλε γὰρ καὶ μεγάλη στάσις γίγνεσθαι πρὸς αὐτά, τοῦ μὲν καίοντος, τοῦ δὲ ψύχοντος, καὶ τοῦ μὲν βαρέος κάτω, τοῦ δὲ κούφου ἐκ τῶν ἐναντίων ἄνω ἕλκοντος, καὶ τοῦ μὲν ἡλίου φωτίζοντος, τοῦ δὲ ἀέρος σκοτίζοντος· καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὰ ἄστρα ἐστασίασαν ἂν πρὸς ἑαυτά, ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἀνωτέρω, τὰ δὲ κατωτέρω τὴν θέσιν ἔχει· καὶ ἡ νὺξ δὲ οὐκ ἂν παρεχώρησε τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ἀλλὰ ἔμενεν πάντως μαχο μένη πρὸς αὐτὴν καὶ στασιάζουσα. τούτων δὲ γιγνομένων, λοιπὸν ἦν ἰδεῖν οὐκέτι κόσμον ἀλλ' ἀκοσμίαν, οὐκέτι τάξιν ἀλλ' ἀταξίαν, οὐκέτι σύστασιν ἀλλ' ἀσύστατον τὸ ὅλον, οὐκέτι μέτρα ἀλλ' ἀμε τρίαν. τῇ γὰρ ἑκάστου στάσει καὶ μάχῃ ἢ πάντα ἀνῃροῦντο, ἢ τὸ κρατοῦν μόνον ἐφαίνετο. καὶ τοῦτο πάλιν τὴν τοῦ παντὸς ἀκοσμίαν ἐδείκνυε. μόνον γὰρ γενόμενον καὶ λειπόμενον τῇ τῶν ἄλλων χρείᾳ, ἀνάρμοστον τὸ ὅλον ἐποίει· ὥσπερ εἰ καὶ μόνος ποῦς, καὶ μόνη χεὶρ ἀπομείνασα, οὐκ ἂν ἔσωσεν ὁλόκληρον τὸ σῶμα. ποῖος γὰρ κόσμος ἦν, εἰ μόνος ἥλιος ἔφαινεν, ἢ σελήνη μόνη περιεπόλει, ἢ νὺξ μόνη ἦν, ἢ ἡμέρα ἀεὶ ἐτύγχανε; ποία δὲ πάλιν ἦν ἁρμονία, εἰ μόνος ἦν ὁ οὐρανὸς χωρὶς τῶν ἄστρων, ἢ τὰ ἄστρα χωρὶς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ; τί δὲ καὶ χρήσιμον, εἰ μόνη θάλαττα ἦν, καὶ εἰ μόνη γῆ χωρὶς ὑδάτων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τῆς κτίσεως μερῶν ἔκειτο; πῶς δ' ἂν καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἐφάνη ἢ ὅλως ζῶον ἐπὶ γῆς, τῶν στοιχείων πρὸς ἑαυτὰ στασιαζόντων, καὶ ἑνὸς ὄντος τοῦ κρατοῦντος καὶ μὴ δυναμένου πρὸς τὴν τῶν σωμάτων σύστασιν ἀρκεῖν; οὐκ ἂν γὰρ ἐκ μόνου θερμοῦ, ἢ μόνου ψυχροῦ, ἢ μόνου ὑγροῦ, ἢ ξηροῦ συνέστη τι τῶν ὅλων· ἀλλ' ἦν ἄτακτα πάντα καὶ ἀσύνθετα καθόλου. ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἂν αὐτὸ τὸ δοκοῦν κρατεῖν ἠδυνήθη ἂν συστῆναι χωρὶς τῆς τῶν ἄλλων ἐπικουρίας· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ νῦν συνέστηκεν.

38 Ἐπεὶ οὖν οὐκ ἀταξία ἀλλὰ τάξις ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ παντί, καὶ οὐκ ἀμετρία ἀλλὰ συμμετρία, καὶ οὐκ ἀκοσμία ἀλλὰ κόσμος καὶ κόσμου παναρμόνιος σύνταξις, ἀνάγκη λογίζεσθαι καὶ λαμβάνειν ἔννοιαν τοῦ ταῦτα συναγαγόντος καὶ συσφίγξαντος, καὶ συμφωνίαν ἐργαζο μένου πρὸς αὐτὰ ∆εσπότου. κἂν γὰρ μὴ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὁρᾶται, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῆς τάξεως καὶ συμφωνίας τῶν ἐναντίων, ἐννοεῖν ἐστι τὸν τούτων ἄρχοντα καὶ κοσμήτορα καὶ βασιλέα. ὥσπερ γὰρ πόλιν ἐκ πολλῶν καὶ διαφόρων ἀνθρώπων συνεστῶσαν, μικρῶν καὶ μεγάλων, καὶ πλουσίων αὖ καὶ πενήτων, καὶ πάλιν γερόντων καὶ νεωτέρων, καὶ ἀρρένων καὶ θηλέων, εἰ θεωρήσαιμεν εὐτάκτως οἰκουμένην, καὶ τοὺς ἐν αὐτῇ διαφόρους μὲν ὄντας, ὁμονοοῦντας δὲ πρὸς ἑαυτούς, καὶ μήτε τοὺς πλουσίους κατὰ τῶν πενήτων, μήτε τοὺς μεγάλους κατὰ τῶν μικρῶν, μήτε τοὺς νέους κατὰ τῶν γερόντων γιγνομένους, ἀλλὰ πάντας κατὰ τὴν ἰσομοιρίαν εἰρηνεύοντας· εἰ ταῦτα βλέποιμεν, πάντως ἐννοοῦμεν, ὅτι ἄρχοντος παρουσία τὴν ὁμόνοιαν πρυτανεύει, κἂν μὴ ὁρῶμεν αὐτόν. ἡ μὲν γὰρ ἀταξία ἀναρχίας ἐστὶ γνώρισμα· ἡ δὲ τάξις τὸν ἡγεμονεύοντα δείκνυσι. καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὴν ἐν τῷ σώματι τῶν μελῶν πρὸς ἑαυτὰ συμφωνίαν ὁρῶντες, ὅτι οὐ μάχεται ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς τῇ ἀκοῇ, οὐδὲ ἡ χεὶρ τῷ ποδὶ στασιάζει, ἀλλ' ἕκαστον τὴν ἰδίαν ἀποτελεῖ χρείαν ἀστασιάστως,