History

 And what i have accurately ascertained from those who saw it, these things i will also commit to writing. 2. just now in the month of november, of the

 He commanded that the triremes and the other transport ships should all be brought to anchor in a good harbor, and that they should control the sea, a

 War. therefore, having gone around and seen that it was by nature difficult to enter and hard to approach for on the one side it had the sea as a saf

 They would be frustrated. and having gone out of the camp, and having overrun a part of the country, when he learned from those who had been taken ali

 It was easy to attack by assault, being raised to the greatest possible height, and girded with two trenches dug to a corresponding depth), and the de

 Having divided his phalanx into three parts by night, he went against the scythians, and falling upon them suddenly, in a brief moment of time he wrou

 Meet them, when i give the signal with the trumpets. such was the exhortation that the general delivered and the army shouted 22 and applauded, and w

 6. but nikephoros phokas, the colleague of the aforementioned leo (for it is necessary, having summarized the account, to proceed with the history in

 The general, having seen this, spurred his horse, quickened his pace, rode in and restrained the soldiers' onslaught, persuading them not to kill the

 Having drawn up an irresistible battle-line, went through the land of the hagarenes. to them, having heard of the attack of nikephoros, it did not see

 Was dignified by his rank), was hostilely disposed towards nicephorus. 11. he decided, therefore, to attempt a revolution at once but not having at h

 , to proclaim him supreme commander, and to entrust the forces of asia to him, so that he might defend and check the assault of the foreigners. for th

 He said, if you are persuaded to take up the rule of the east, i shall quickly declare you emperor, and restore you to the imperial thrones. speak wel

 For he was gently nursing his little body), then, recovering again, he said, “speak, most brave one, what need is there to consider this?” but he said

 I have assumed the imperial office, but compelled by the necessity of you, the army, and you yourselves bear witness for me that i was both shunning s

 Before the report of his proclamation could fly abroad, to seize in advance the straits and passages of the sea. for thus he thought that matters woul

 Numbering over three thousand, attacked the house of joseph and his collaborators along with the people. and having subjected these to plunder and pil

 Especially the monks), they did not allow the man to persist in what he had decided, but urged him both to embrace marriage and not to shun meat-eatin

 Makes it flood in a single hour) emboldened by these things, the barbarians mocked the emperor and insolently hurled insults at him, and making sorti

 Having fallen upon it, accomplishing nothing noble or vigorous. and he considered the matter an outright disgrace and insult, and an indelible reproac

 Having come to the region around tarsus, there he encamped and having pitched a palisade round about, he ordered the crops and the meadows, luxuriant

 Having recovered the standards, which, crafted from gold and stones, the tarsians had captured in various battles while routing the roman force, and h

 Of the spectacle, turned to flight and ran back to their own houses. and from the pushing and disorderly rush, no little slaughter occurred, with very

 To blow favorably upon them, but blowing against them strongly and fiercely, it has sunk their affairs. but the account will now clearly reveal these

 To those acting against the divine ordinance, if somehow at least in this way people, being afraid, would abstain from evil deeds, and would cling to

 He had taken a fortress, and having crossed mount lebanon transversely, he turned his attention to tripoli, which he saw was fortified and exceptional

 Being obliged to drive them away, and to guard the flocks from harm, they, in addition to not driving them away, themselves cut them down and tear the

 Having come, and having been befriended by the ruler of the tauroi, and having corrupted him with gifts and bewitched him with persuasive words (for t

 Reconciliation and friendship might be secured. the mysians gladly received the embassy, and putting daughters of the royal blood 80 on wagons (for it

 They might do. but as they were already considering rushing to their defense, and to stoutly resist the enemy in close combat, as dawn was brightly br

 Boasting to all about his brave deeds in wars. 6. having approached the emperor with these words and, 85 as was likely, having bewitched him (for he s

 Having lowered from above, one by one they first pulled up all the conspirators, and then john himself. having come up, therefore, beyond all human su

 The vengeance for these things, and to those who were slipping he seemed relentless and burdensome, and oppressive to those wishing to lead an indiffe

 At the end of the month of december, during the thirteenth indiction of the six thousand four hundred and seventy-eighth year, a throng of select men,

 Having captured him, confines him to amaseia. having therefore from this secured sufficient safety for himself and for his affairs, and having purged

 To make amends for what nikephoros had improperly introduced. for nikephoros, whether wishing to correct divine matters that were being disturbed by s

 And having found him not very accurately versed in secular education, but most diligently trained in divine and our own, he anoints him patriarch of a

 The bosporus, but to pass by moesia, which belongs to the romans, and has from of old been a part of macedonia. for it is said that the moesians, bein

 To make replies. for we trust in christ, the immortal god, that if you do not depart from this land, you will be driven from it by us even against you

 A disgrace by the raids of the scythians to send out bilingual men dressed in scythian attire into the homesteads and customs of the enemy, so that t

 The romans on the one hand shouted for joy, and were strengthened for valor but the scythians, growing cowardly at the new and strange nature of the

 2. the emperor, when he learned of such a revolt, was disturbed, as was likely, and having brought up bishop stephen from abydos with wingless speed,

 He saw that murders along with the ensuing conspirators were proceeding harshly and inhumanely, he decided to no longer delay or be slothful, so that

 Considering into what fortunes the unholy and blood-guilty john has enclosed my family, having mercilessly slain the emperor and my uncle, who was his

 Eye, and to learn that these things were red, just as they had been from of old. phocas, considering this prodigy a second evil omen, and seeing also

 Immediately, lest it be some ill-omened thing, and destruction befall the pursuing mysians but learning they were fleeing at full speed, he both purs

 The russian minds were lifted up in audacity and boldness. therefore, the emperor, not enduring their overweening arrogance and their blatant insolenc

 Being given out, and going under the earth by the inscrutable wisdom of the creator and again from the 130 celtic mountains gushing up, and winding t

 Should set a phalanx against us, things will not end well for us, but in dreadful perplexity and helplessness. therefore, having strengthened your spi

 Is called drista) lingering with his whole force. but in this way kalokyres escaped, and night coming on stopped the romans from battle. and just on t

 And they killed up to one hundred and fifty vigorous men. but the emperor, learning of such an event, quickly mounted his horse and urged his follower

 But the rest of the multitude he bound in fetters and shut up in prisons. he himself, having gathered the entire host of the tauro-scythians, numberin

 1. and just as day was dawning, the emperor fortified the camp with a strong palisade in this manner. a certain low hill of dorystolon rises at a dist

 He was courting them with gifts and toasts, encouraging them to proceed vigorously to the wars. 3. while these matters were in suspense, and the battl

 He flees to a divine and great sanctuary, seen as a pitiful supplicant instead of a haughty and boastful tyrant. whom the men of the drungarius dragge

 Having drowned. for it is said that, being possessed by greek 150 orgies, they perform sacrifices and libations for the dead in the greek manner, havi

 On the next day (it was the sixth day of the week, and the twenty-fourth day of the month of july), when the sun was setting, the tauro-scythians, hav

 Was being concluded. 10. but the romans, following the divine man who went before, 155 engage with the enemy, and a fierce battle having commenced, th

 With purity. at any rate, having conferred a few things about a truce with the emperor, seated beside the rowing-bench of the skiff, he departed. but

 Was crossed over. this is the greatest of the rivers cutting through asia, 161 and one of those that flow from eden, as we have learned from the divin

 The emperor, as one who abused the power of his leadership for certain powerful men, and did not direct the affairs of the church as was established b

 Having assembled forces, and having meticulously armed them, departing from the reigning city, he advanced through palestine, a prosperous land, flowi

 The mainland is enclosed by strongholds, stretching upon a certain steep hill on the other side it is surrounded by the sea, putting forth a well-hav

 Before until fire-bearing ships were secretly sent out from byzantium by those in power. which bardas parsakoutenos the magistros was leading, and ha

 I would have been destroyed, if some divine providence had not led me out of that very danger, which caused me to ride out with speed, before the ravi

 Furthermore, the star rising in the west at the setting of the morning star, which, making its risings in the evening, kept no fixed position at one c

 Of the city, but already becoming feeble, and suffering from a deep and intractable panting. and having just come to the royal hearth, he was shown to

of the spectacle, turned to flight and ran back to their own houses. And from the pushing and disorderly rush, no little slaughter occurred, with very many being trampled and miserably suffocated. This drama became a certain occasion 64 of hatred from Byzantium towards the emperor. With this followed also the offense of his kinsman Leo, the Kouropalates; who, having cast aside his manly and military life, reassigned himself to a civil and avaricious one, and becoming a slave to money and gains, he brought about a grain shortage and an inhumane scarcity of necessities. For buying the grain for a little, he sold it for much. And a whispering went through the city, with the citizens crying out whether the pair of brothers would make the common misfortunes their private gains, stuffing the things of the many into a profiteering purse. For indeed the emperor also inexorably introduced taxes not yet devised, saying that the military required frequent funds, and with these he wore down his subjects. And it is said, whether by someone of those who observe the heavens, or of those who have taken up the solitary and unmarried life, that the emperor was informed that he would end his life near the royal hearth, killed by his countrymen. Therefore, having become fearful because of the oracle, beginning to wall an enclosure on the one side of the palace sloping toward the sea, he completed it on the other side toward the sea, and built the now visible wall, both high and strong, and secured the royal hearth, as he suspected. 7. When the emperor made a procession at the Ascension of the Savior, as was customary, outside the walls to the so-called Pege (a very beautiful temple is built there to the Theotokos), a certain fight occurred between the Byzantines and the Armenians, so that 65 many of the citizens were wounded by the Armenians. And just as the emperor was riding toward the palace in the evening, the Byzantines used open insults. And a certain little woman with her daughter was driven to such desperation as to lean out of the roof and throw stones at the king. And on the next day, having been seized by the Praetor, she paid the penalty with her daughter, having become food for the fire in a certain suburb called Anaratas. Then indeed I myself, a Byzantine, who am writing these things, was residing there for the sake of collecting speeches and for education, being a youth. And seeing the emperor Nicephorus on horseback proceeding at a walk through the city, and being unmoved by so many insults, and preserving a steadfast spirit, and being disposed as if nothing new had occurred, I was amazed at the dauntlessness of the man, how he kept his soul's nobility unshaken in the face of terrible things. But the coming of night broke up the riot; and the emperor, being magnanimous in other ways and not easily yielding to anger, considering what had been insolently done to him on the previous day by the citizens to be the work of drunkenness rather than of a disorderly popular rush, consigned it to oblivion. Again, having safely equipped fire-bearing triremes and having filled myriad-carrying transports with soldiers and arms, he sent them to Sicily, having appointed as general of the navy Niketas, who was among the Patricians, 66 a God-loving and venerable man, even if he happened to be a eunuch; and of the cavalry force Manuel, his own cousin, who himself also was distinguished by the rank of the Patricians, a hot-headed and obstinate man, and one who yielded to reckless impulse. And when, having crossed the Adriatic, they reached Sicily, disembarking from the transports they were drawn up in a phalanx, and they enjoyed such good fortune at the beginning, as to take by storm the famous and renowned Syracuse and Himera, and in addition to subdue Tauromenium and Leontini without bloodshed. But indeed, envious fortune was not to continue to the end

θεάματος, εἰς φυγὴν ἐτράποντο καὶ πρὸς τὰς σφῶν οἰκίας ἀπέτρεχον. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ὠθισμοῦ καὶ τῆς ἀτάκτου φορᾶς οὐκ ὀλίγος φόνος συμβέβηκε, πλείστων συμπατηθέντων καὶ ἀποπνιγέντων οἰκτρῶς. τοῦτο τὸ δρᾶμα μίσους ἀφορμή τις 64 γέγονε Βυζαντίου πρὸς τὸν αὐτοκράτορα. ταύτῃ παρείπετο καὶ τὸ τοῦ συναίμου αὐτοῦ Λέοντος καὶ Κουροπαλάτου πλημμελές· ὅστις τὸν ἀνδρώδη καὶ στρατιωτικὸν αὐτοῦ βίον παρωσάμενος πρὸς τὸν ἀστικὸν καὶ φιλοκερδῆ μετετάξατο, ἥττων τε χρημάτων καὶ λημμάτων γενόμενος, σιτοδείαν εἰργάσατο καὶ σπάνιν τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἀφιλάνθρωπον. ὀλίγου γὰρ τὸν σῖτον ὠνούμενος ἀπεδίδου πολλοῦ. καὶ ψιθυρισμὸς ἀνὰ τὸ ἄστυ ἐχώρει, καταβοώντων τῶν ἀστικῶν, εἰ τὰς τοῦ κοινοῦ συμφορὰς ἴδια κέρδη ποιήσειεν τῶν αὐταδέλφων ἡ ξυνωρὶς, ἐς τὴν κερδαίνουσαν συνωθοῦσα πήραν τὰ τῶν πολλῶν. καὶ γὰρ δὴ καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς φόρους τοὺς μήπω ἐπινοηθέντας ἀπαραιτήτως ἐκαινοτόμει, ἐς τὸ στρατιωτικὸν λέγων χρημάτων ὅτι δεῖσθαι συχνῶν , καὶ τούτοις κατέτρυχε τὸ ὑπήκοον. λέγεται δὲ, εἴτε πρὸς τῶν τὰ μετέωρα περισκοπούντων τινὸς, εἴτε καὶ τῶν μονάδα βίον ἐπανῃρημένων καὶ ἄζυγα , διενωτισθῆναι τὸν αὐτοκράτορα, ὡς παρὰ τὴν βασίλειον ἑστίαν ἐκπλήσει τὸν βίον , ἀναιρεθεὶς παρὰ τῶν ὁμοεθνῶν. περιδεὴς οὖν τῷ χρησμῷ γεγονὼς, περίβολον ἐκ τοῦ θατέρου μέρους τοῦ πρὸς θάλατταν ἐπικλινοῦς τῶν ἀνακτόρων τειχίζειν ἀρξάμενος, κατὰ θάτερον πρὸς θάλατταν συνεπέρανε, καὶ τεῖχος τὸ νῦν ὁρώμενον ὑψηλόν τε καὶ ὀχυρὸν ἐδομήσατο, καὶ τὴν βασίλειον ἑστίαν, ὡς ὑπετόπαζεν, ἠσφαλίσατο. ζʹ. Πρόκενσον δὲ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἀνάληψιν κατὰ τὸ εἰθισμένον ἔξω τειχῶν ἐπὶ τὴν καλουμένην Πηγὴν ποιησαμένου τοῦ βασιλέως (νεὼς δὲ ταύτῃ περικαλλὴς τῇ Θεοτόκῳ δεδόμηται), διαμάχη τις μεταξὺ Βυζαντίων καὶ Ἀρμενίων συνέβαινεν, ὡς 65 πολλοὺς πρὸς τῶν Ἀρμενίων τρωθῆναι τῶν ἀστικῶν. ἄρτι δὲ πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀνάκτορα τοῦ βασιλέως ἐλαύνοντος, ὕβρεσι κἀκ τοῦ ἀναφανδὸν ἐχρῶντο Βυζάντιοι. καί τι γύναιον σὺν τῷ θυγατρίῳ εἰς τοσαύτην ἀπόνοιαν ἤλασεν, ὡς τοῦ στέγους προκύψαι καὶ λίθους βαλεῖν κατὰ τοῦ ἄνακτος. ὃ καὶ τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ πρὸς τοῦ Πραίτωρος ληφθὲν δίκας μετὰ τοῦ θυγατρίου ἀπέτισεν, ἐπί τι προάστειον πυρὸς γεγονὸς ἀνάλωμα, Ἀναράτας καλούμενον. τότε δὴ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπεχωρίαζον ὁ ταῦτα γράφοντι Βυζάντιος, ἐπὶ λόγων συλλογήν τε καὶ παίδευσιν, μειράκιον ὤν. ἔφιππόν τε τὸν αὐτοκράτορα Νικηφόρον βάδην ἰόντα βλέπων διὰ τοῦ ἄστεος, καὶ ἀπερικτύπητον ταῖς τοσαύταις ὕβρεσι πέλοντα, καὶ τὸ φρόνημα σταθηρὸν διασώζοντα, καὶ ὡς μή τινος ἐπισυμβάντος καινοῦ διακείμενον, ἐτεθήπειν τὸ ἀκατάπληκτον τοῦ ἀνδρὸς, ὅπως ἄτρεστον παρὰ τὰ δεινὰ τὴν ψυχὴν συνετήρει εὐγένειαν. ἀλλὰ τὴν μὲν στάσιν ἡ νὺξ ἐπελθοῦσα διέλυσεν· ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς καὶ ἄλλως μεγαλόφρων τε ὢν, καὶ μὴ εὔκολος εἴκειν ὀργῇ, τὰ τῇ προτεραίᾳ εἰς αὐτὸν πεπαρῳνημένα παρὰ τῶν ἀστικῶν ἔργον μᾶλλον μέθης ἢ φορᾶς ἀτάκτου λαοῦ λογισάμενος, τῇ λήθῃ παρέπεμψεν. αὖθις δὲ πυρφόρους τριήρεις ἀσφαλῶς ἑρματίσας, καὶ μυριοφόρους ὁλκάδας στρατιωτῶν καὶ ὅπλων γεμίσας, ἐς Σικελίαν ἔστελλε, τοῦ μὲν ναυτικοῦ Νικήταν ἐν Πατρικίοις τελοῦντα, 66 θεοφιλῆ καὶ σεβάσμιον ἄνθρωπον, εἰ καὶ τομίας ἐτύγχανε, προχειρισάμενος στρατηγόν· τῆς δὲ ἱππικῆς παρατάξεως Μανουὴλ, αὐτανέψιον αὐτοῦ, τῷ τῶν Πατρικίων καὶ αὐτὸν ἀξιώματι διαπρέποντα, ἄνδρα θερμουργὸν καὶ αὐθέκαστον, καὶ ἀπερισκέπτῳ φορᾷ εἴκοντα. ἐπεὶ δὲ περαιωσάμενοι τὸν Ἀδρίαν τῆς Σικελίας προσέσχον, τῶν πορθμείων ἀποβάντες εἰς φάλαγγα παρετάττοντο, καὶ τοσαύτης εὐετηρίας ἀπέλαυσαν παρὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν, ὡς αὐτοβοεὶ τὰς κλεινὰς καὶ περιπύστους Συρακούσας ἑλεῖν καὶ Ἱμέραν, καὶ προσέτι Ταυρομένειον καὶ Λεοντίνους ἀναιμωτὶ παραστήσασθαι. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ οὐκ ἔμελλεν ἡ βάσκανος τύχη διὰ τέλους