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of Rhinocolura of Egypt, Ethiopia and Egypt and Libya, Africa and Mauretania as far as the Pillars of Hercules, that is, as far as the western and Libyan Ocean, with the river Nile as a boundary, which is also called Gihon and Chrysorrhoas. And to Japheth his third son, in the 425th year, from Media the parts towards the north and west as far as Gadeira and the Britannic Isles, Armenia and Iberia, Pontus, Colchis and the lands and islands beyond, as far as Italy and Gaul, Spain, and Celtiberia and Lusitania. Thus having divided and disposed in writing, as they say, and having read to them his testament, he sealed it, keeping it with himself, until the 2500 72nd year from Adam, in which he also fell asleep. And when he was about to die, he commanded his three sons that no one should invade the boundaries of his brother nor behave disorderly towards another, as this would become a cause of strife for them and of wars against one another. And he gave his testament to Shem, as his firstborn and most God-beloved son, who also succeeded to the leadership after him and inherited the choicest of the blessings from him, as is also related in Genesis. And he fell asleep on Mount Lubar. But in the 2700 71st year of the world, that is, 6 years after the death of Noah, Canaan, the son of Ham, acting rebelliously, invaded the borders of Shem and settled there, transgressing the command of Noah, along with the 7 nations that came from him, the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, Girgashites, Jebusites, and Canaanites, whom God destroyed through Moses and Joshua, and at certain times through the judges he gave back to the sons of Israel their ancestral land, as they were descended from Shem through 38 generations, 1687 years. which extended to the 4475th year, that is, the 23rd year of the reign of Solomon, in which he dedicated the magnificent temple built by him, sacrificing splendidly to his ancestral God; concerning which things, in their proper places for each of the 48 same 38 generations, it will be told, with God's help, in a basic summary as far as is possible. But now let us return again to the building of the tower and the confusion of the 72 nations and tongues, which were confused, and let us state what has been said before by many of the historians, which and how many nations fell to the lot of each of the 3 sons of Noah from the 72 scattered nations. And it is necessary to recall what was said above, that having begun to build the tower in the universal year 2730 6th, which was the 500 74th of the life of Shem, and of his son Arphaxad the 400 73rd, and of his son Cainan the 358th, and of Salah the 230th, and of Eber the 79th, they remained building for 40 years until the cosmic year 2776th. For in this year they were scattered by God into all the inhabited world, thus: Of the 72 nations from the scattered leaders whose names were changed From Shem, the firstborn son of Noah, 25 nations, thus: 1st Arphaxad, from whom the Chaldeans. 2nd Elam, from whom the Elamites. 3rd Asshur, from whom the Assyrians. 4th Lud, from whom the Lydians. 5th Aram, from whom the Syrians. Sons of Aram 6th Uz, from whom the Trachonites. 7th Hul, from whom the Magardi. 49 8th Gether, from whom the Armenians. 9th Mash, from whom the Messenians. Sons of Arphaxad 10th Cainan, from whom the Gaspheni. 11th Sasan, from whom the Cosseans. 12th Hebrair, from whom the Hebrews. 13th Peleg, from whom the Bactrians. 14th Elmodam, from whom the Indians. 15th Joktan, from whom the Madianites. 10 6th Araboth, from whom the Arabs. 17th Iduram, from whom the Camelites. 18th Dera, from whom the Medes. 19th Iezia, from whom the Ariandni. 20th Deklam, from whom the Cedrusii. 21st Gebel, from whom the Scythians. 22nd Abimeel, from whom the Hyrcanians. 23rd Sabat, from whom the Arabs of the Indians. 24th Ouer, from whom the Ouarnaei. 25th Euen, from whom the Gymnosophists. All these are descended from Shem, whose dwelling is in length from Bactria and India as far as Rhinocolura which borders Syria 50 and Egypt and the Red Sea from the mouth near Arsinoe of India, and in breadth from Persia and Bactria as far as India. And the names of the countries are these: Persis and the nations in it, Bactriana, Hyrcania, Babylonia, Codryalia, Assyria, Mesopotamia, Arabia Felix, Coele-Syria, Commagene and Persia proper. And the

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Ῥινοκουρούρων τῆς Αἰγύπτου, Αἰθιοπίαν καὶ Αἴγυπτον καὶ Λιβύην, Ἀφρικὴν καὶ Μαυριτανίαν ἕως Ἡρακλείων στηλῶν, ἤτοι ἕως τοῦ δυτικοῦ καὶ Λιβυκοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ, ποταμὸν διορίζοντα τὸν Νεῖλον, ὃς καὶ Γειὼν καὶ Χρυσορρόας λέγεται. Ἰάφεθ δὲ τῷ τρίτῳ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ ἄγοντι ἔτος υκεʹ ἀπὸ Μηδείας τὰ πρὸς ἄρκτον καὶ δυσμὰς ἕως Γαδείρων καὶ Βρεττανικῶν νήσων, Ἀρμενίαν καὶ Ἰβηρίαν, Πόντον, Κόλχους καὶ τὰς κατόπιν χώρας καὶ νήσους ἕως Ἰταλίας καὶ Γαλλικῆς Σπανικῆς τε καὶ Κελτιβηρίας καὶ Λυσιτανῶν. οὕτω μερίσας καὶ ἐγγράφως διαθέμενος, ὥς φασιν, ἐπαναγνούς τε αὐτοῖς τὴν διαθήκην αὐτοῦ ἐσφραγίσατο, παρ' ἑαυτῷ κατασχών, ἕως τοῦ βφ ζβʹ ἔτους ἀπὸ Ἀδάμ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ἐκοιμήθη. μέλλων δὲ τελευτᾶν ἐνετείλατο τοῖς τρισὶν αὐτοῦ υἱοῖς μηδένα ἐπελθεῖν τοῖς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ὁρίοις καὶ ἀτάκτως ἐνεχθῆναι πρὸς ἕτερον, ὡς τούτου γενησομένου αἰτίου στάσεως αὐτοῖς καὶ πολέμων τῶν πρὸς ἀλλήλους. τὴν δὲ διαθήκην αὐτοῦ ἔδωκε τῷ Σήμ, ὡς πρωτοτόκῳ υἱῷ καὶ θεοφιλεστέρῳ, ὃς καὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν διεδέξατο μετ' αὐ τὸν καὶ τὰς ἐξαιρέτους τῶν παρ' αὐτοῦ εὐλογιῶν ἐκληρώσατο, ὡς καὶ ἐν τῇ Γενέσει φέρεται. καὶ ἐκοιμήθη ἐν ὄρει Λουβάρ. Ἐν δὲ τῷ βψ ζαʹ ἔτει τοῦ κόσμου, ἤτοι μετὰ ςʹ ἔτη τῆς τελευτῆς Νῶε, νεωτερίσας ὁ τοῦ Χὰμ υἱὸς Χαναὰν ἐπέβη τοῖς ὁρίοις τοῦ Σὴμ καὶ κατ ῴκησεν ἐκεῖ παραβὰς τὴν ἐντολὴν Νῶε σὺν τοῖς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γενομένοις ἔθνε σιν ζʹ, Ἀμορραίοις, Χετταίοις, Φερεζαίοις, Εὐαίοις, Γεργεσαίοις, Ἰεβουσαίοις καὶ Χαναναίοις, οὓς διὰ Μωυσέως καὶ Ἰησοῦ ἐξωλόθρευσεν ὁ θεός, καὶ κατά τινας καιροὺς διὰ τῶν κριτῶν ἀπέδωκε τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ τὴν πατρῴαν γῆν, ὡς ἐκ τοῦ Σὴμ καταγομένοις διὰ γενεῶν ληʹ, ἐτῶν αχπζʹ. ὃ καὶ ἔφθασεν εἰς τὸ δυοεʹ ἔτος, ἤτοι τῷ κγʹ τῆς βασιλείας Σα λομῶν, καθ' ὃ ἐνεκαίνισε τὸν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κτισθέντα πολυτελῆ ναόν, θύσας τῷ πατρῴῳ θεῷ λαμπρῶς· περὶ ὧν ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις τόποις ἑκάστης τῶν 48 αὐτῶν ληʹ γενεῶν κατὰ τὸ ἐγχωροῦν στοιχειώδει ἐπιτομῇ σὺν θεῷ λεχθή σεται. νῦν δὲ ἐπανέλθωμεν πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν πυργοποιίαν καὶ τὴν σύγχυσιν τῶν οβʹ ἐθνῶν καὶ γλωσσῶν, αἳ συνεχύθησαν, καὶ εἴπωμεν ἃ τοῖς πολλοῖς τῶν ἱστορικῶν προείρηται, ποῖα καὶ πόσα ἔθνη ἑκάστῳ τῶν γʹ υἱῶν τοῦ Νῶε ἔλαχεν ἐκ τῶν διασπαρέντων οβʹ ἐθνῶν. χρὴ δὲ ἀναμνησθῆναι τῶν προ λεχθέντων ἀνωτέρω, ὅτι ἀρξάμενοι τῷ καθολικῷ βψλ ςʹ ἔτει οἰκοδομεῖν τὸν πύργον, ὅπερ ἦν τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Σὴμ φ ζδʹ, τοῦ δὲ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ Ἀρφαξὰδ υ ζγʹ καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ τούτου Καϊνᾶν τνηʹ καὶ τοῦ Σαλᾶ σλʹ καὶ τοῦ Ἕβερ ζθʹ, ἔμειναν οἰκοδομοῦντες ἐπὶ ἔτη μʹ ἕως τοῦ κοσμικοῦ βψο ςʹ. ἐν τού τῳ γὰρ τῷ ἔτει διεσπάρησαν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην οὕτως· Τῶν οβʹ ἐθνῶν τῶν ἐκ τῶν διασπαρέντων ἀρχηγῶν μετονομασθέντων τὰ ὀνόματα Ἐκ τοῦ Σὴμ τοῦ πρωτοτόκου υἱοῦ Νῶε ἔθνη κεʹ οὕτωσ αʹ Ἀρφαξάδ, ἀφ' οὗ Χαλδαῖοι. βʹ Ἀλάμ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἐλουμαῖοι. γʹ Ἀσούρ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἀσύριοι. δʹ Λούδ, ἀφ' οὗ Λυδοί. εʹ Ἀράμ, ἀφ' οὗ Σύροι. Υἱοὶ Ἀράμ ςʹ Ὤς, ἀφ' οὗ Τράχωνες. ζʹ Οὔλ, ἀφ' οὗ Μαγαρδοί. 49 ηʹ Γαθέρ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἀρμένιοι. θʹ Μοσόχ, ἀφ' οὗ Μεσήνιοι. Υἱοὶ Ἀρφαξάδ ιʹ Καϊνᾶν, ἀφ' οὗ Γασφηνοί. ιαʹ Σασᾶν, ἀφ' οὗ Κοσαῖοι. ιβʹ Ἑβραΐρ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἑβραῖοι. ιγʹ Φαλέκ, ἀφ' οὗ Βάκτροι. ιδʹ Ἐλμωδάμ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἰνδοί. ιεʹ Ἰεκτάν, ἀφ' οὗ Μαδιναῖοι. ι ςʹ Ἀραβώθ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἄραβες. ιζʹ Ἰδουράμ, ἀφ' οὗ Καμήλιοι. ιηʹ ∆ερά, ἀφ' οὗ Μῆδοι. ιθʹ Ἰεζιά, ἀφ' οὗ Ἀριανδνοί. κʹ ∆εκλάμ, ἀφ' οὗ Κεδρούσιοι. καʹ Γεβήλ, ἀφ' οὗ Σκύθαι. κβʹ Ἀβιμεήλ, ἀφ' οὗ Ὑρκανοί. κγʹ Σαβάτ, ἀφ' οὗ Ἄραβες Ἰνδῶν. κδʹ Οὐήρ, ἀφ' οὗ Οὐαρναῖοι. κεʹ Εὐήν, ἀφ' οὗ Γυμνοσοφισταί. Οὗτοι πάντες ἐκ τοῦ Σὴμ κατάγονται, ὧν ἡ κατοικία ἐστὶ κατὰ μῆκος μὲν ἀπὸ Βάκτρων καὶ Ἰνδικῆς ἕως Ῥινοκουρούρων τῆς ὁριζούσης Συρίαν 50 καὶ Αἴγυπτον καὶ τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν ἀπὸ στόματος τοῦ κατὰ Ἀρσι νόην τῆς Ἰνδικῆς, κατὰ πλάτος δὲ ἀπὸ Περσίδος καὶ Βάκτρων ἕως Ἰνδικῆς. τὰ δὲ ὀνόματα τῶν χωρῶν ταῦτα· Περσὶς καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔθνη, Βακτριανή, Ὑρκανία, Βαβυλωνία, Κοδρυαλία, Ἀσσυρία, Μεσοποταμία,εὐδαίμων Ἀραβία, κοίλη Συρία, Κομμαγηνὴ καὶ ἡ φυσικὴ Περσίς. τὰ δὲ