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for men, by sacrifices of animals, it was fitting to render to God a ransom for their own life and a substitute for their own nature, as indeed the men of old who were beloved of God used to do, having learned beforehand by the divine Spirit that some venerable and God-beloved and great victim would one day come to men, the purification of the whole world, of whom they were for the time performing the symbols, being prophets and prefiguring what was to be. But when the perfect had come, in accordance with the oracles of the prophets the first things ceased and were immediately annulled through the better and true sacrificial rite. 1.10.15 This was the Christ of God, foretold from of old, from ancient times, to come to men and to be slain like a sheep for the whole race of men. Wherefore Isaiah the prophet says concerning him: "He was led as a sheep to the slaughter, and as a lamb before its shearer is dumb." 1.10.16 And he adds: "He bears our sins, and is pained for us; and we accounted him to be in trouble, and in stripes, and in affliction. But he was wounded for our sins, and bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we were healed. And the Lord delivered him up for our sins." For he "committed no sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth." 1.10.17 Similar things to these Jeremiah, another prophet of the Hebrews, exclaims in the person of Christ, saying: "I was like an innocent lamb led to be sacrificed." John the Baptist seals these prophecies at the appearing of our Savior. For seeing him and pointing him out to those present, as being the one who was prophesied, he proclaimed: "Behold the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world." 1.10.18 When, therefore, according to the testimonies of the prophets, the great and precious ransom for Jews and Greeks alike has been found, the purification of the whole world, the substitute for all men, the victim pure from every spot and sin, the lamb of God, the God-beloved and holy sheep, the prophesied lamb, through whose divine and mystical teaching all of us from the Gentiles have found the remission of our former sins, -for which reason also those of the Jews who have hoped in him are set free from the curse of Moses, - reasonably celebrating daily the memorial of this, both of his body and of his blood, and having been deemed worthy of a better sacrifice and priestly service than those of the ancients, we no longer consider it holy to fall back to the first things, "weak elements," containing symbols and images but not the truth itself. 1.10.19 And reasonably also those of the Jews who have fled for refuge to the Christ of God, if they no longer turn back to the precepts of Moses, living according to the new covenant would be outside the curse defined by Moses, since indeed the Lamb of God took upon himself not only the sin of the world, but also the curse for the transgression of the commandments of Moses. Therefore the lamb of God became both sin and a curse; sin on behalf of the sinners of the world, and a curse on behalf of those not abiding in all the things written in the law of Moses. 1.10.20 Therefore the apostle says: "Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us," and "him who knew no sin, he made to be sin for us." 1.10.21 For what would he not become, the purification of the world, the substitute for sinners, who was indeed "led as a sheep to the slaughter," and as "a lamb led to be sacrificed," and all these things for us and on our behalf? Therefore, the ancient and God-beloved men reasonably, in the absence of better things, attended to the symbols, as our Savior himself also teaches, saying: "Many prophets and righteous men desired to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it." 1.10.22 But we, the true things and the archetypes of the images through the mysterious economy

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ἀνθρώποις, ταῖς διὰ ζῴων θυσίαις λύτρα τῆς ἑαυτῶν ζωῆς καὶ ἀντίψυχα τῆς οἰκείας φύσεως προσηκόντως ἀποδιδόναι χρῆν τῷ θεῷ, ὡς καὶ ἔπραττον οἱ πάλαι θεοφιλεῖς, σεμνόν τι καὶ θεοφιλὲς καὶ μέγα ἱερεῖον ἥξειν ποτὲ εἰς ἀνθρώπους τῷ θείῳ πνεύματι προειληφότες, τὸ τοῦ παντὸς καθάρσιον κόσμου, οὗ καὶ τὰ σύμβολα τέως ἐπιτελεῖν αὐτούς, προφήτας ὄντας καὶ τὸ μέλλον ἔσεσθαι προτυπουμένους· ἐπειδὴ δὲ τὸ τέλειον παρῆν, τοῖς τῶν προφητῶν ἀκολούθως θεσπίσμασι πέπαυτο τὰ πρῶτα καὶ λέλυτο παραχρῆμα διὰ τῆς τοῦ κρείττονος καὶ ἀληθοῦς ἱερουργίας. 1.10.15 Οὗτος δ' ἦν ὁ Χριστὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, ἄνωθεν ἐκ παλαιῶν χρόνων ἥξειν εἰς ἀνθρώπους καὶ προβάτου δίκην ὑπὲρ παντὸς τοῦ τῶν ἀνθρώπων γένους σφαγήσεσθαι προαγορευόμενος. ᾗ φησιν περὶ αὐτοῦ Ἡσαΐας ὁ προφήτης· «ὡς πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγὴν ἤχθη, καὶ ὡς ἀμνὸς ἐναντίον τοῦ κείροντος ἄφωνος». 1.10.16 καὶ ἐπιλέγει· «οὗτος τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν φέρει, καὶ περὶ ἡμῶν ὀδυνᾶται· καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐλογισάμεθα αὐτὸν εἶναι ἐν πόνῳ καὶ ἐν πληγῇ καὶ ἐν κακώσει· αὐτὸς δὲ ἐτραυματίσθη διὰ τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, καὶ μεμαλάκισται διὰ τὰς ἀνομίας ἡμῶν· παιδία εἰρήνης ἡμῶν ἐπ' αὐτόν, τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς ἰάθημεν καὶ κύριος παρέδωκεν αὐτὸν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ἡμῶν». αὐτὸς γὰρ «ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἐποίησεν, οὐδ' εὑρέθη δόλος ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ». 1.10.17 τὰ ὅμοια τούτοις καὶ Ἱερεμίας ἕτερος Ἑβραίων προφήτης ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐπιφωνεῖ, λέγων· «ἐγὼ ὡς ἀρνίον ἄκακον ἀγόμενον τοῦ θύεσθαι». ἐπισφραγίζεται τὰς τούτων προρρήσεις Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστὴς ἐπὶ τῆς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐπιφανείας. ἰδὼν γὰρ αὐτὸν καὶ τοῖς παροῦσιν ἐπιδείξας, ὡς ἄρα αὐτὸς εἴη ὁ προφητευόμενος, ἐπεφώνησεν· «ἴδε ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου». 1.10.18 ὅτε τοίνυν κατὰ τὰς τῶν προφητῶν μαρτυρίας εὕρηται τὸ μέγα καὶ τίμιον λύτρον Ἰουδαίων ὁμοῦ καὶ Ἑλλήνων, τὸ τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου καθάρσιον, τὸ πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἀντίψυχον, τὸ πάσης κηλῖδος καὶ ἁμαρτίας καθαρὸν ἱερεῖον, ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, τὸ θεοφιλὲς καὶ ἁγνὸν πρόβατον, τὸ προφητευόμενον ἀρνίον, οὗ διὰ τῆς ἐνθέου καὶ μυστικῆς διδασκαλίας πάντες ἡμεῖς οἱ ἐξ ἐθνῶν τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων εὑράμεθα, -δι' ὃ καὶ Ἰουδαίων οἱ εἰς αὐτὸν ἠλπικότες ἐλεύθεροι τῆς Μωσέως ἀφίενται κατάρας, - εἰκότως τὴν τούτου μνήμην τοῦ τε σώματος αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ αἵματος τὴν ὑπόμνησιν ὁσημέραι ἐπιτελοῦντες, καὶ τῆς κρείττονος ἢ κατὰ τοὺς παλαιοὺς θυσίας τε καὶ ἱερουργίας ἠξιωμένοι, οὐκέθ' ὅσιον ἡγούμεθα καταπίπτειν ἐπὶ τὰ πρῶτα, «ἀσθενῆ στοιχεῖα», σύμβολα καὶ εἰκόνας ἀλλ' οὐκ αὐτὴν ἀλήθειαν περιέχοντα. 1.10.19 εἰκότως δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν Ἰουδαίων οἱ εἰς τὸν Χριστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καταπεφευγότες, εἰ μηκέτι τῶν Μωσέως ἐπιστρέφοιντο παραγγελμάτων, κατὰ τὴν καινὴν διαθήκην βιοῦντες τῆς ὑπὸ Μωσέως ὡρισμένης ἐκτὸς ἂν εἶεν κατάρας, ἅτε δὴ ἀμνοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐ μόνον τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ἐν τῇ παραβάσει τῶν Μωσέως ἐντολῶν κατάραν εἰς αὐτὸν ἀνειληφότος. γέγονεν οὖν ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἁμαρτία καὶ κατάρα· ἁμαρτία μὲν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν τοῦ κόσμου, κατάρα δ' ὑπὲρ τῶν μὴ ἐμμενόντων πᾶσι τοῖς ἐγγεγραμμένοις ἐν τῷ Μωσέως νόμῳ. 1.10.20 διό φησιν ὁ ἀπόστολος· «Χριστὸς ἡμᾶς ἐξηγόρασεν ἐκ τῆς κατάρας τοῦ νόμου, γενόμενος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν κατάρα», καὶ «τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν». 1.10.21 τί γὰρ οὐκ ἔμελλε γίνεσθαι τὸ τοῦ κόσμου καθάρσιον, τὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἀντίψυχον, ὃ δὴ καὶ «ὡς πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγὴν ἤχθη», καὶ ὡς «ἀρνίον ἀγόμενον τοῦ θύεσθαι», ταῦτά τε πάντα ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν καὶ δι' ἡμᾶς; ὅθεν οἱ μὲν παλαιοὶ καὶ θεοφιλεῖς ἄνδρες εἰκότως ἀπουσίᾳ τῶν κρειττόνων τοῖς συμβόλοις προσανεῖχον, ὡς καὶ τοῦτο αὐτὸ ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν διδάσκει λέγων· «πολλοὶ προφῆται καὶ δίκαιοι ἐπεθύμησαν ἰδεῖν ἃ ὑμεῖς βλέπετε καὶ οὐκ εἶδον, καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ἃ ὑμεῖς ἀκούετε καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν». 1.10.22 ἡμεῖς δὲ τὰ ἀληθῆ καὶ τῶν εἰκόνων τὰ ἀρχέτυπα διὰ τῆς μυστη ριώδους οἰκονομίας