will be preached, not depriving the one reward of the other; for each of the sins has found forgiveness and through the deed is preached throughout the whole world and each of them is likewise blessed, but saying this as being more fitting for the comfort of each of them; for the apostles rebuked that one as having done some misuse and evil; but concerning this one the Pharisee grumbled as being a sinner. Therefore to this one the forgiveness of sins was spoken of as a reward, but to that one the reward was proclaimed that the deed would be carried out to all and blessed by all. However, to the sister of Lazarus nothing of the sort was promised, since she did not bring the ointment for some expected benefit, but for the good deeds she had received in the raising of her brother. There is also another difference among these blessed women, that the one mixed her tears with the ointment and was kissing the master's feet, but neither of the other two; the ones, I think, not daring, but being restrained by reverence, but the other, overcome by her longing and gradually emboldened by the streams of tears with which she was wetting his feet. And besides. Even if they were about to do something of this kind, they were restrained; for the Pharisee anticipated and grumbled and was rebuked with a just refutation. But in the case of Lazarus' sister they were not indignant, being restrained both by the reverence of the woman and by the present miracle, and because she too anointed not his head, but his feet . Judas, however, is indignant, having already become possessed by greed and besieged by the reasonings of betrayal. But in the case of the third, all are indignant, but not from the same opinion and disposition, but Judas, as we said above, from greed and despair and contempt for the teacher, while the others from mercy and love for the poor and honor and reverence for the teacher; for they did not think it unreasonable not to tolerate a sinful woman pouring this, even if it was ointment being emptied, on that undefiled head. It is likely that they also reasoned this, that if the teacher despises all things, and is hastening toward death (for indeed he was already constantly saying this to them), if this one therefore is preparing to die, what is the benefit of the ointment, that it is being emptied? Therefore the master, addressing the same thought, says: She did this for my burial, as if to say, that from what you reason, that the ointment should not have been poured on me who despises all things and is hastening toward death, for this reason I rather crown the woman with praises; for she did this for my burial. And to the other disciples the master's word might have been fittingly spoken thus, but to Judas as has been said before; for in accordance with the difference of the reasonings of those who showed indignation, it was likely that the master also spoke the word fitting the opinions of each, and that the hearers each understood the declaration according to their own conscience. 92 Mt 26, 34 The 'you will deny me three times' can either be joined to the 'before the cock crows' and thus resolve the apparent disagreement of the evangelists, or it can be understood with 'you will deny me three times,' as the majority have taken it, and receive a solution just as the blessed John also resolved it. The cock crows at each time of crowing not once nor twice, but even a third time and beyond, and this not continuously, but with some interval, so that the whole utterance consists of different crows and the whole time of the utterance is made up of the partial intervals. Therefore the first cock-crow has various crows and corresponding intervals, the second likewise and the third in the same way. And the whole cock-crow is called a crowing, and each of the crows contained within it. When, therefore, Matthew and other evangelists say, that before the cock crows you will deny me three times, it denotes the whole first cock-crow and
κηρυχθήσεται, οὐχὶ ἀποστερῶν δὲ θατέραν τὴν μισθαποδοσίαν θατέρας· καὶ γὰρ ἑκατέρα τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τὴν ἄφεσιν εὕρηται καὶ διὰ τῆς πράξεως ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ κηρύσσεται καὶ μακαρίζεται τούτων ὁμοίως ἑκάστη, ἀλλ' ἑκατέρᾳ τούτων τὸ μᾶλλον ἁρμόζον εἰς παραμυθίαν ῥηθῆναι τοῦτο εἰπών· καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνῃ μὲν ἐπετίμων οἱ ἀπόστολοι ὡς παράχρησίν τινα καὶ κακὸν ἐργασαμένῃ· περὶ ταύτης δὲ διεγόγγυζεν ὁ Φαρισαῖος ὡς ἁμαρτωλοῦ. διὸ ταύτῃ μὲν μισθὸς ἐρρήθη ἡ ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν, ἐκείνῃ δὲ μισθὸς ἀνεκηρύχθη τὸ εἰς πάντας ἐξενεχθῆναι τὴν πρᾶξιν καὶ παρὰ πάντων μακαρισθῆναι. τῇ μέντοι γε ἀδελφῇ τοῦ Λαζάρου οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον ὑπεσχέθη, ἐπειδὴ οὐδὲ ἐκείνη ὑπὲρ προσδοκωμένης εὐεργεσίας τινὸς προσῆγεν τὸ μύρον, ἀλλ' ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐπὶ τῇ ἐγέρσει τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ εὐηργέτητο. Ἔστιν δὲ καὶ ἄλλη ἐν ταῖς μακαρίαις ταύταις γυναιξὶν διαφορά, ὅτι ἡ μὲν τῷ μύρῳ τὰ δάκρυα μίξασα καὶ κατεφίλει τοὺς πόδας τοὺς δεσποτικούς, τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν δύο οὐδεμία· αἱ μὲν οἶμαι μὴ τολμῶσαι, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ εὐλαβείας χαλινωθεῖσαι, ἡ δὲ ἐκνικηθεῖσα τῷ πόθῳ καὶ ταῖς τῶν δακρύων αἷς ἔβρεχεν τοὺς πόδας κατὰ μικρὸν παραθαρρήσασα ῥοαῖς. Ἄλλως τε δέ. καὶ εἰ ἔμελλόν τι τοιοῦτο ποιεῖν, προσεπεσχέθησαν· προλαβὼν γὰρ ὁ Φαρισαῖος καὶ διεγόγγυσεν καὶ μετὰ δικαίου ἐπετιμήθη τοῦ ἐλέγχου. ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς τοῦ Λαζάρου ἀδελφῆς οὐκ ἀγανακτοῦσιν ἀπό τε τῆς εὐλαβείας ἐπεχόμενοι τῆς γυναικὸς καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐνεστηκότος θαύματος καὶ ὅτι καὶ αὐτὴ οὐ τὴν κεφαλήν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς πόδας ἤλειφεν . ὁ μέντοι γε Ἰούδας ἀγανακτεῖ ἤδη κάτοχος τῇ φιλαργυρίᾳ γενόμενος καὶ τοῖς τῆς προδοσίας λογισμοῖς πολιορκούμενος. ἐπὶ μέντοι τῆς τρίτης ἅπαντες ἀγανακτοῦσιν, οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς δὲ γνώμης καὶ διαθέσεως, ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν Ἰούδας, ὡς καὶ ἀνωτέρω ἔφαμεν, ὑπὸ φιλαργυρίας καὶ ἀπονοίας καὶ τῆς πρὸς τὸν διδάσκαλον ὑπεροψίας, οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι ὑπὸ ἐλεημοσύνης καὶ φιλοπτωχίας καὶ τῆς περὶ τὸν διδάσκαλον τιμῆς καὶ εὐλαβείας· οὐ γὰρ ἀπεικὸς ἐνόμιζον ποιεῖν μὴ ἀνεχόμενοι γυναῖκα ἁμαρτωλὸν τῆς ἀχράντου κεφαλῆς ἐκείνης, εἰ καὶ μύρον ἦν τὸ κενούμενον, τοῦτο καταχέειν. εἰκὸς δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ τοῦτο διαλογίσασθαι, ὅτι εἰ ὁ διδάσκαλος πάντων μὲν ὀλιγωρεῖ, πρὸς δὲ τὸν θάνατον ἐπείγεται (καὶ γὰρ συνεχῶς αὐτοῖς ἤδη τοῦτο ἐπέλεγεν), εἰ οὗτος οὖν εἰς τὸ ἀποθανεῖν ἑτοιμάζεται, τίς ἡ ὠφέλεια τοῦ μύρου, ὅτι κενοῦται; διὸ καὶ ὁ δεσπότης πρὸς τὴν αὐτὴν ἀποφαινόμενος διάνοιάν φησιν· εἰς τὸν ἐνταφιασμόν μου τοῦτο ἐποίησεν , μονονουχὶ λέγων, ὅτι ἐξ ὧν ὑμεῖς λογίζεσθε, ὅτι οὐκ ἔδει ἐπιχεθῆναί μοι τὸ μύρον ὀλιγωροῦντι πάντων καὶ πρὸς θάνατον ἐπειγομένῳ, ἐκ τούτου μᾶλλον ἐγὼ τὴν γυναῖκα ἐπαίνοις στεφανῶ· εἰς γὰρ τὸν ἐνταφιασμόν μου τοῦτο ἐποίησεν . καὶ πρὸς μὲν τοὺς ἄλλους μαθητὰς οὕτως ἁρμόσαι ἂν εἰρῆσθαι ὁ λόγος ὁ δεσποτικός, πρὸς δὲ τὸν Ἰούδαν ὡς προείρηται· πρὸς γάρ τοι τὴν τῶν λογισμῶν διαφορὰν τῶν τὴν ἀγανάκτησιν ἐνδειξαμένων εἰκὸς ἦν καὶ τὸν δεσπότην ταῖς ἑκατέρων γνώμαις ἁρμόζοντα τὸν λόγον εἰρηκέναι καὶ τοὺς ἀκούσαντας πρὸς τὸ οἰκεῖον ἕκαστον συνειδὸς τὴν ἀπόφασιν ἐξειληφέναι. 92 Mt 26, 34 Τὸ τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με ἢ τῷ πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι δύναται συναφθῆναι καὶ τὴν δοκοῦσαν τῶν εὐαγγελιστῶν διαφωνίαν αὐτόθεν λῦσαι ἢ πρὸς τὸ τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με ὡς οἱ πλείους ἐξέλαβον συνεξακουσθῆναι καὶ ἐπίλυσιν δέξασθαι καθὼς καὶ οὕτως ὁ μακάριος Ἰωάννης ἐπελύσατο. Φωνεῖ ὁ ἀλέκτωρ καθ' ἕκαστον φωνήσεως καιρὸν οὐχ ἅπαξ οὐδὲ δίς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τρίτον καὶ ἐπέκεινα καὶ ταῦτα οὐ κατὰ συνέχειαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ μετά τινος διαστήματος, ὥστε τὴν ὅλην ἐκφώνησιν ἐκ διαφόρων τε φωνήσεων συνεστάναι καὶ τὸν ὅλον τῆς ἐκφωνήσεως καιρὸν ἐκ τῶν κατὰ μέρος συμπληροῦσθαι διαστημάτων. ἔχει οὖν ἡ πρώτη ἀλεκτοροφωνία διαφόρους φωνήσεις καὶ ἀνάλογα διαστήματα, ἡ δευτέρα ὁμοίως καὶ ἡ τρίτη ὡσαύτως. καλεῖται δὲ καὶ ἡ ὅλη ἀλεκτοροφωνία φώνησις καὶ ἕκαστον τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ περιεχομένων φωνήσεων. ὅταν οὖν λέγῃ ὁ Ματθαῖος καὶ ἄλλοι εὐαγγελισταί, ὅτι πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με, τὴν ὅλην ἀλεκτοροφωνίαν τὴν πρώτην δηλοῖ καί