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is convicted, how, you tell me, can anyone ever be purified without tears and worthily, as far as it is in his power, partake of the mysteries? For these are the first fruit of repentance and, just as the loathsome filth of the body and the heart's, as it were, pleasurable mingling with every passion are offered by us as a kind of sacrifice to the devil, so too the tears poured out from it are in turn offered as an acceptable sacrifice to the Master and they wash away the shame of that impassioned pleasure, and David, indicating this, said: "A sacrifice to God is a contrite spirit, a contrite and humbled heart God will not despise." And reasonably so; for when our soul has come into such a state and is so humbled each day, it never passes a single day without tears, according to what David said: "Every night I will wash my bed, with my tears I will drench my couch."

For this reason, then, I exhort you also, my fathers and brothers, let each one diligently exercise his own soul in these and similar works, which, having been pierced with compunction and transformed little by little, becomes a spring gushing forth rivers of tears and compunction. But if we do not hasten to become pure in this way, but wish to proceed in negligence and sloth and indolence, I for my part will say nothing burdensome out of respect for your love, (83) except this, that even if it should ever happen that someone perhaps partakes with tears, that is, either before the liturgy or during the divine liturgy or even at the very time of partaking of the divine things he should weep, but on the other days and nights is not eager to do this, there will be no benefit for him from weeping just once. For not only does this, by purifying us, immediately make us worthy, but so does mourning each day and unceasingly until death, as the Master Himself commanded us to do, saying "Repent, ask and seek and knock." Until when? "Until you receive," he says, "and you find and it shall be opened to you." What? The kingdom of heaven, obviously.

For this repentance, accomplished thus unceasingly, as we have said, until death with toil and affliction, little by little makes us pour forth bitter tears, by which it wipes away and cleanses the filth and defilement of the soul; and after these things it creates in us a pure repentance and changes the bitter tears into sweet ones and begets unending joy in our hearts and brings about the sight of the inaccessible light, which if we do not strive with all diligence to attain, spiritual fathers and brothers, we shall not be completely freed from all the passions, we shall not acquire all the virtues, we shall not ever be able to worthily or with tears according to God partake of the divine mysteries each day or to behold the divine light that is with them. But neither will we ever have a pure heart, nor will the Holy Spirit dwell knowably in us, nor will we be deemed worthy to see God, as the saints do, neither while being here (84) nor there, it seems to me, departing blind, but as Gregory the Theologian says, we will fall away from the vision of Him "in proportion to each one's shortsightedness from here," inasmuch as we have voluntarily deprived ourselves of His light in the present life.

But may it be that all of us, being purified and having been purified, shall be deemed worthy to behold Him. For those who depart this life outside of these two states have an uncertain end concerning the judgment about them. And the uncertain and unsure is hopeless and unassured; for he whose heart is not confirmed by grace will never, I think, acquire from any other source an unwavering hope that does not disappoint; and he who does not have this, by what other means will he be caught up in the air with the saints to meet the Lord? And by what means then will our lamp be lit, being extinguished from the things here? Where is the oil and from where is it found and what is the fire, tell me, that will light it, or from where or how, so that then, being prepared, we might be bright

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ἀπελέγχεται, πῶς, εἰπέ μοι σύ, δίχα δακρύων ποτέ καθαρθῆναί τις δυνηθῇ καί ἀξίως, ὅσον τό ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ, τῶν μυστηρίων μεταλαβεῖν; Καρπός γάρ τῆς μετανοίας πρῶτος ταῦτά εἰσι καί, ὥσπερ ἡ βδελυρά τοῦ σώματος ῥύσις καί ἡ τῆς καρδίας πρός πᾶν πάθος οἱονεί ἐνήδονος μίξις τῷ διαβόλῳ οἵα τις θυσία προσάγεται παρ᾿ ἡμῶν, οὕτω τά ἐξ αὐτῆς χεόμενα πάλιν δάκρυα θυσία εὐπρόσδεκτος τῷ ∆εσπότῃ προσφέρονται καί τῆς ἐμπαθοῦς ἐκείνης ἡδονῆς τό αἶσχος ἀποκαθαίρουσι, καί τοῦτο δηλῶν ὁ ∆αυίδ ἔλεγε· "Θυσία τῷ Θεῷ πνεῦμα συντετριμμένον, καρδίαν συντετριμμένην καί τεταπεινωμένην ὁ Θεός οὐκ ἐξουδενώσει". Καί εἰκότως· ἐν ἕξει γάρ τοιαύτῃ γενομένη ἡμῶν ἡ ψυχή καί οὕτω καθ᾿ ἑκάστην ταπεινουμένη, ἡμέραν μίαν οὐ διέρχεταί ποτε ἄνευ δακρύων κατά τόν εἰρηκότα ∆αυίδ· "Λούσω καθ᾿ ἑκάστην νύκτα τήν κλίνην μου, ἐν δάκρυσί μου τήν στρωμνήν μου βρέξω".

∆ιά τοῦτο οὖν παρακαλῶ καί ὑμᾶς, πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί μου, ἐν σπουδῇ ἕκαστος τήν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν ἐν τούτοις καί τοῖς τοιούτοις ἐγγυμνασάτω ἔργοις, ἥτις κατανυγεῖσα καί μεταποιηθεῖσα κατά μικρόν, πηγή γίνεται ποταμούς δακρύων καί κατανύξεως ἀναβλύζουσα. Εἰ δέ μή οὕτω καθαροί γεγονέναι σπουδάσομεν, ἀλλ᾿ ἐν ἀμελείᾳ καί ῥᾳθυμίᾳ καί χαυνότητι πορεύεσθαι θελήσομεν, ἐγώ μέν οὐδέν ἐρῶ φορτικόν φειδοῖς τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν, (83) πλήν τοῦτο, ἵτι κἄν συμβῇ ποτέ τινα μετά δακρύων ἴσως κοινωνῆσαι, ἤγουν ἤ πρό τῆς λειτουργίας ἤ ἐν τῇ θείᾳ λειτουργίᾳ ἤ καί ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ καιρῷ τῆς τῶν θείων μεταλήψεως κλαῦσαι, τάς δέ λοιπάς ἡμέρας τε καί νύκτας οὐ προθυμεῖται τοῦτο ποιεῖν, οὐδέν αὐτῷ ἐκ τοῦ πρός ἅπαξ κλαῦσαι τό ὄφελος ἔσται. Οὐ γάρ τοῦτο μόνον ἀξίους ἡμᾶς εὐθύς ἀποκαθαῖρον ποιεῖ, ἀλλά τό καθ᾿ ἑκάστην καί ἀδιαλείπτως μέχρι θανάτου πενθεῖν, ὡς αὐτός ἠμῖν ὁ ∆εσπότης ποιεῖν προσέταξε "Μετανοεῖτε, λέγων, αἰτεῖτε καί ζητεῖτε καί κρούετε". Ἕως πότε; "Ἕως οὗ λήψεσθε, φησί, καί εὑρήσετε καί ἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν". Τίς; Ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν, δηλονότι.

Αὕτη γάρ ἡ μετάνοια καί ἡ οὕτως ἀπαραλείπτως, ὡς εἴπομεν, μέχρι θανάτου μετά πόνου καί θλίψεως ἐπιτελουμένη, κατά μικρόν μικρόν δάκρυα προχέειν ἡμᾶς ποιεῖ πικρά, δι᾿ ὧν ἀποσμήχει καί ἀποκαθαίρει τόν τῆς ψυχῆς ῥύπον καί μολυσμόν· μετά ταῦτα δέ μετάνοιαν ἡμῖν ἐμποιεῖ καθαράν καί εἰς γλυκέα τά πικρά δάκρυα μεταβάλλει καί χαράν ἀένναον ἀπογεννᾷ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν καί τό ἄδυτον φέγγος ἰδεῖν προξενεῖ, ὅ εἰ μή πάσῃ σπουδῇ καταλαβεῖν ἀγωνισόμεθα, πνευματικοί πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί, οὐκ ἄν τῶν παθῶν ἁπάντων τελείως ἀπαλλαγῶμεν, οὐ ἄν τάς ἀρετάς κτησώμεθα πάσας, οὐκ ἄν ἀξίως ἤ μετά δακρύων τῶν κατά Θεόν ἰσχύσωμεν ποτε τῶν θείων μυστηρίων καθ᾿ ἑκάστην μεταλαμβάνειν ἤ τό συνόν αὐτοῖς θεάσασθαι θεῖον φῶς. Ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ τήν καρδίαν ἕξομέν ποτε καθαράν, οὐδέ τό Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα ἐνοικήσει γνωστῶς ἐν ἡμῖν, οὐδέ ἰδεῖν ἀξιωθησόμεθα, ὡς οἱ ἅγιοι, τόν Θεόν οὔτε ἐνταῦθα ὄντες (84) οὔτε ἐκεῖ μοί δοκεῖ, τυφλοί ἀπελθόντες, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ὁ Θεολόγος λέγει Γρηγόριος, τοσοῦτον τῆς ἐκείνου θέας ἐκπέσομεν "κατά τήν ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἑκάστου ἡμῶν ἀπεντεῦθεν ἀμβλυωπίας", καθ᾿ ὅσον τοῦ φωτός αὐτοῦ ἑκουσίως ἑαυτούς ὑστερήσαμεν ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ζωῇ.

Ἀλλά γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς, καθαιρομένους τε καί καθαρθέντας, τοῦτον ἀξιωθήσεσθαι κατιδεῖν. Οἱ γάρ ἐκτός τῶν δύο τούτων τοῦ βίου ὑπεξερχόμενοι, ἄδηλον ἔχουσι τό πέρας τῆς περί αὐτούς ἀποφάσεως. Τό δέ ἄδηλον καί ἀβέβαιον, ἀνέλπιστον καί ἀπληροφόρητον· ὁ γάρ μή χάριτι τήν καρδίαν βεβαιούμενος ἐξ οὐδενός ἑτέρου τήν ἀκαταίσχυντον ἐλπίδα ἀδίστακτόν ποτε, οἶμαι, κτήσεται· ὁ δέ ταύτην μή ἔχων, διά τίνος ἄλλου εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ Κυρίου εἰς ἀέρα συναρπαγήσεται τοῖς ἁγίοις; ∆ιά τίνος δέ καί ἡ λαμπάς ἡμῶν τότε ἐξαναφθήσεται, ἐσβεσμένη ἀπό τῶν ὧδε τυγχάνουσα; Ποῦ τοῦ ἐλαίου καί πόθεν εὑρισκομένου καί ποίου τοῦ πυρός, εἰπέ μοι, τοῦ ταύτην ἀνάψαι μέλλοντος, ἤ πόθεν ἤ πῶς, ἵνα τότε ἑτοιμασθέντες φαιδροί