30

of the rest. But He was placed in a new tomb providentially for a clearer proof of the resurrection, so that it might be shown that He arose. For if He had been with others, some were going to say that it was not the body of Jesus that arose, but that of another.

401 Jn, 1-9 Mary, being devout, rested on the Sabbath, but coming early in the morning she showed her disposition toward the teacher, yet, finding the stone rolled away, she ran to the disciples not understanding from this that He had risen, which she had heard many times, but that what was not, I do not know from where she had perceived to have happened. And the disciples ran to know what had happened, not enduring to wait any longer after hearing this. But John, outrunning Peter, did not enter the tomb first, yielding out of honor to the first, and only saw the linen cloths lying there, which was a sign of the resurrection; for if the body had been stolen by enemies or friends, they would not have left the linen cloths, the former for profit, the latter so as not to desecrate the naked body, but to move it wrapped. And if the disciples were stealing it, they would have seized it and fled because of the guarding soldiers and because of the Jews and would not have stood there undressing the body and placing the linen cloths by themselves, and the napkin elsewhere. Therefore, from what the disciples saw, they received by grace also an understanding of the scriptures and believed the word of His resurrection, having been ignorant of this before.

402 Jn, 11 Because of her great disposition she remained alone at the tomb, weeping.

403 Jn , 11-13 Because she waited by the tomb out of affection, she was also deemed worthy of a vision of angels showing the Lord's resurrection by the very form of the vision. But if another evangelist says that there was one angel, nothing from this; for Mary came to the tomb not once, but many times, sometimes with others, when she saw the one angel, and sometimes again alone, when she saw the two. And some of the evangelists told the first things, others the second, except that all agree that the angels were seen in white garments, proclaiming the resurrection.

404 Jn , 11-13 Through the white she beheld the purity of the angels. And they ask, not so that they might learn why she weeps, but so that she might stop; for it was not fitting for her to weep at such a time and to mar the festival. And by their appearing in that place, the angels signify that with angels guarding the place, no one was able to move the divine body, and they initiate her into the mystery of the resurrection as one who did not know the scripture, according to the disciples.

405 Jn , 15 For being consumed by grief she still doubted concerning the resurrection even after the vision.

406 Jn , 16 Having a great disposition toward Him, she also had a great unbelief from ignorance. Therefore He also calls her by name, so that even thus recognizing Him she might be persuaded without doubt that He had risen.

407 Jn , 16-17 Believing without doubt through His voice, she confesses Him as teacher and He prevents her as she comes to worship Him.

408 Jn , 17 For He was hastening, as was likely, before being subject to human touch, to ascend untouched to the Father after the resurrection.

409 Jn , 17 Out of great friendship and after rising from the dead He again calls the apostles brothers. However, God is not the Father of the Son in the same way as He is of the saints who are advancing in virtue, since the one is by nature the only-begotten Son born of God, while the others by adoption through their manner of life have received the dignity of sonship; for if this were not distinguished, nothing would have prevented Him from saying: I am going to our Father. Therefore, by saying "my Father and your Father" He showed the precision of the dogma.

410 Jn , 18 For having remained with devotion for a long time at the tomb she was the first deemed worthy to see Him after the resurrection and to hear these things.

411 Jn , 19-20 By entering when the doors were closed He showed the power of His divinity. And by showing the marks of His passion He gave full assurance that it was He who had risen from the dead, even if now the body was spiritual

30

τῶν λοιπῶν. ἐν καινῷ μνημείῳ δὲ ἐτέθη οἰκονο μικῶς πρὸς τρανοτέραν ἀπόδειξιν τῆς ἀναστάσεως, ἵνα δειχθῇ, ὅτι ἀνέστη· εἰ γὰρ ἦν μετὰ ἄλλων, ἤμελλόν τινες λέγειν, ὅτι οὐ τὸ τοῦ ἸηJoῦ ἀνέστη σῶμα, ἀλλὰ ἄλλου.

401 Jo, 1-9 Εὐλαβὴς οὖσα ἡ Μαρία ἡσύχασε τὸ σάββατον, ὀρθρινὴ δὲ ἐλθοῦσα ἐδείκνυ τὴν περὶ τὸν διδάσκαλον διάθεσιν, ὅμως εὑροῦσα τὸν λίθον ἠρμένον, ἔδραμε πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς οὐκ ἐννοήσασα ἐκ τούτου, ὅτι ἀνέστη, ὅπερ ἦν ἀκούσασα πολλάκις, ἀλλὰ τὸ μὴ ὂν οὐκ οἶδα πόθεν ἐποπτεύσασα γεγενῆσθαι. οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἔτρεχον εἰδέναι τὸ γεγονὸς οὐ καρτερήσαντες ἔτι μεῖναι μετὰ τὸ ἀκοῦσαι τοῦτο. προλαβὼν δὲ ὁ Ἰωάννης τὸν Πέτρον οὐκ εἰσῆλθε πρῶτος εἰς τὸ μνημεῖον ἐκδεχόμενος διὰ τιμὴν τὸν πρῶτον μόνον δὲ εἶδε κείμενα τὰ ὀθόνια, ὅπερ γνώρισμα ἦν τῆς ἀναστάσεως· εἰ γὰρ ἐκλάπη τὸ σῶμα ὑπὸ ἐχθρῶν ἢ φίλων, οὐκ ἂν εἴων τὰ ὀθόνια, οἱ μὲν διὰ κέρδος, οἱ δέ, ἵνα μὴ γυμνὸν ὑβρίσωσι τὸ σῶμα, ἀλλὰ περιεσταλμένον μεταθῶσιν. εἰ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἔκλεπτον, ἁρπάσαντες ἂν ἔφυγον διά τε τοὺς φυλάσJoντας στρατιώτας καὶ διὰ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους καὶ οὐκ ἂν ἵσταντο ἀποδύοντες τὸ σῶμα καὶ ἰδίᾳ τὰ ὀθόνια τιθέντες, ἀλλαχοῦ δὲ τὸ Joυδάριον. ἐφ' οἷς οὖν εἶδον οἱ μαθηταί, ἔλαβον ἐκ χάριτος καὶ σύνεσιν τῶν γραφῶν καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ λόγῳ ἀγνοοῦντες τοῦτο πρῴην. 402 Jo, 11 ∆ιὰ πολλὴν διάθεσιν ἔμεινε μόνη ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ ὀδυρομένη. 403 Jo , 11-13 Ἐπειδὴ διὰ φιλοστοργίαν ἀνέμεινε περὶ τὸν τάφον, ἠξιώθη καὶ ὀπτασίας ἀγγέλων ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ τῆς ὀπτασίας σχήματος δεικνυόντων τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἀνάστασιν. εἰ δὲ ἄλλος εὐαγγελιστὴς λέγει, ὅτι εἷς ἦν ὁ ἄγγελος, οὐδὲν ἐκ τούτου· ἡ γὰρ Μαρία οὐχ ἅπαξ, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλάκις ἦλθεν εἰς τὸν τάφον, ποτὲ μὲν σὺν ἄλλαις, ὅτε εἶδε τὸν ἕνα ἄγγελον, ποτὲ δὲ πάλιν μόνη, ὅτε εἶδε τοὺς δύο καὶ οἱ μὲν εὐαγγελιστῶν τὰ πρῶτα εἶπον, οἱ δὲ τὰ δεύτερα, πλὴν ὅτι πάντες συναινοῦσιν, ὅτι ὤφθησαν ἐν ἐσθήσεσι λευκαῖς οἱ ἄγγελοι τὴν ἀνάστασιν εὐαγγελιζόμενοι. 404 Jo , 11-13 ∆ιὰ τοῦ λευκοῦ θεώρει τὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων καθαρόν. ἐρωτῶσι δέ, οὐχ ἵνα μάθωσι τί κλαίει, ἀλλ' ἵνα παύσηται· οὐ γὰρ ἔπρεπεν αὐτὴν ἐν τοιούτῳ δακρύ ειν καιρῷ καὶ τὴν πανήγυριν ἐνυβρίζειν. δι' ὧν δὲ ἐφάνησαν ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ἐκείνῳ οἱ ἄγγελοι, σημαίνουσιν, ὅτι ἀγγέλων προσεδρευόντων τῷ τόπῳ οὐδεὶς ἠδύνατο τὸ θεῖον σῶμα μετακινῆσαι, καὶ μυσταγωγοῦσιν αὐτὴν τὸ τῆς ἀναστάσεως μυστήριον ὡς μὴ εἰδυῖαν τὴν γραφὴν κατὰ τοὺς μαθητάς. 405 Jo , 15 Καταποθεῖσα γὰρ ὑπὸ τῆς λύπης ἔτι ἀμφέβαλλε περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως καὶ μετὰ τὴν ὀπτασίαν. 406 Jo , 16 Πολλὴν ἔχουσα διάθεσιν περὶ αὐτὸν πολλὴν εἶχε καὶ τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἀγνοίας ἀπιστίαν. διὸ καὶ ἐξ ὀνόματος αὐτὴν καλεῖ, ἵνα κἂν οὕτως ἐπιγνοῦσα πεισθῇ ἀναμφιβόλως, ὅτι ἀνέστη. 407 Jo , 16-17 ∆ιὰ τῆς φωνῆς ἀναμφιβόλως πιστεύσασα διδάσκαλον ὁμολογεῖ καὶ ἐρχο μένην αὐτὴν προσκυνῆσαι αὐτὸν κωλύει. 408 Jo , 17 Ἔσπευδε γὰρ ὡς εἰκὸς πρὸ τοῦ ἀνθρωπίνῃ ἁφῇ ὑποπεσεῖν ἄθικτος μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἀναβῆναι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα. 409 Jo , 17 Ἐκ πολλῆς φιλίας καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἀναστῆναι ἐκ νεκρῶν πάλιν τοὺς ἀπο στόλους ἀδελφοὺς καλεῖ. ὅμως οὐχ ὥσπερ ἐστὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ πατὴρ ὁ θεός, οὕτω καὶ τῶν κατ' ἀρετὴν προκοπτόντων ἁγίων, ἐπειδὴ ὁ μὲν φύσει μονογενὴς υἱὸς ἐκ θεοῦ γεννηθείς, οἱ δὲ θέσει διὰ τὴν πολιτείαν τὸ τῆς υἱοθεσίας ἀξίωμα λαβόντες· εἰ γὰρ μὴ διῄρητο τοῦτο, οὐδὲν ἐκώλυεν εἰπεῖν· ἀπέρχομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἡμῶν. εἰπὼν οὖν πατέρα μου καὶ πατέρα ὑμῶν τὴν τοῦ δόγματος ἔδειξεν ἀκρίβειαν. 410 Jo , 18 Ἐπιμείνασα γὰρ μετὰ διαθέσεως ἐπὶ πολὺ ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ πρώτη αὐτὸν ἠξιώθη ἰδεῖν μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν καὶ ταῦτα ἀκοῦσαι. 411 Jo , 19-20 ∆ι' ὧν εἰσῆλθε τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων ἔδειξε τὴν τῆς θεότητος ἰσχύν. δείξας δὲ τὰ τοῦ πάθους γνωρίσματα ἐπληροφόρησεν, ὅτι αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ ἀναστὰς ἐκ νεκρῶν, εἰ καὶ νῦν τὸ σῶμα πνευματικὸν