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The grain lying under the leaf, which some of those who have studied name-making call a stalk, this has the power of a seed. For whatever is naturally produced from branches, for the most part puts forth its roots from here. Perhaps also the offshoots of the roots hold the place of a seed, which the gardeners increase the species by tearing off. First, however, as we said, those things more essential for our life were deemed worthy of mention, all that were about to welcome man with their own fruits, preparing for him an abundant diet; the vine, producing wine destined to gladden the heart of man; and the olive, providing a fruit able to make the face cheerful with oil. How many things ran together at the same time, hastened into being by nature? The root of the vine; the branches, flourishing and great, spread out in a circle above the ground; the shoot, the tendrils, the unripe grape, the clusters. A vine, when seen with understanding, is sufficient for your sight to create in you a reminder of your nature. For you surely remember the Lord's image, that He calls Himself the vine, and the Father the husbandman, and He named as branches each one of us who through faith are planted in the Church; and He calls us to be fruitful, so that we may not be condemned for uselessness and delivered to the fire; and He does not cease everywhere to compare the souls of men to vines. For a vineyard was made for the beloved, he says, on a horn, in a fertile place. And, I planted a vineyard, and put a hedge around it. He clearly calls the human souls the vineyard, around which He placed a hedge: the security of the commandments, and the protection of the angels. For the angel of the Lord encamps around those who fear him. Then He also fixed for us, as it were, stakes, placing in the Church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers. And by the examples of the ancient and blessed men, raising our thoughts on high, He did not leave them cast upon the ground and worthy of being trodden underfoot. And He wishes us to cling to our neighbors with the embrace of love as with tendrils, and to rest upon them, so that always having our impulse toward what is above, like climbing vines we may place ourselves on a level with the tops of the highest things. He also requires us to accept being dug around. And a soul is dug out in the putting away of worldly cares, which are a burden to our hearts. So that he who has put away carnal love, and the love for money, or who has considered the fear concerning this wretched little glory to be contemptible and easily despised, as it were, has been dug out and has caught his breath, having cast off the vain burden of earthly mindedness. And it is necessary, according to the word of the proverb, not to run to wood, that is, not to behave ostentatiously, nor to hunt for praise from outsiders, but to be fruitful, storing up the demonstration of one's works for the true husbandman. But you also, Be as a fruitful olive tree in the house of God, never being stripped of hope, but always having salvation through faith flourishing around you. For in this way you will imitate the evergreen nature of the plant, and you will also emulate its fruitfulness, providing abundant mercy at all times. 5.7 But let us return to the investigation of the skillful arrangements. How many kinds of plants then sprang up, some fruitful, some for roofing, others suitable for shipbuilding, others for burning? Among these, again, varied in each tree is the arrangement of its parts, and hard to attain is both the discovery of the property of each, and the contemplation of the difference with respect to each of the other kinds. How some of them are deep-rooted, and others shallow-rooted; and some grow upright and have a single trunk, while others are low-growing and divided into many shoots straight from the root. How for those whose branches are long, extended far into the air, for these the roots are also deep, distributed over a great distance in a circle, like certain foundations corresponding to the weight of the parts above

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ὑποκείμενος τῷ φύλλῳ κόκκος, ὃν μισχόν τινες τῶν περὶ τὰς ὀνοματοποιίας ἐσχολακότων προσαγορεύουσι, τοῦτο σπέρματος ἔχει δύναμιν. Ὅσα γὰρ ἀπὸ κλάδων γίνεσθαι πέφυκεν, ἐντεῦθεν ὡς τὰ πολλὰ προβάλλει τὰς ῥίζας. Τάχα δὲ σπέρματος ἐπέχουσι λόγον καὶ αἱ τῶν ῥιζῶν ἀποφύσεις, ἃς παρασπῶντες οἱ φυτοκόμοι τὸ γένος αὔξουσι. Πρότερον μέντοι, ὥσπερ ἔφαμεν, μνήμης ἠξιώθη τὰ συνεκτικώτερα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν, ὅσα ἔμελλε τοῖς οἰκείοις καρποῖς τὸν ἄνθρωπον δεξιούμενα, ἄφθονον αὐτῷ παρασκευάζειν τὴν δίαιταν· ἄμπελος μὲν οἶνον γεννῶσα εὐφραίνειν μέλλοντα καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου· ἐλαία δὲ καρπὸν παρεχομένη ἱλαρύνειν δυνάμενον πρόσωπον ἐν ἐλαίῳ. Πόσα συνέτρεχε κατὰ ταὐτὸν ἠπειγμένως ὑπὸ τῆς φύσεως παραγόμενα; Ἡ ῥίζα τῆς ἀμπέλου· τὰ κλήματα ἐν κύκλῳ εὐθαλῆ καὶ μεγάλα ὑπὲρ γῆς κεχυμένα· ὁ βλαστὸς, οἱ ἕλικες, ὁ ὄμφαξ, οἱ βότρυες. Ἀρκεῖ σου τῇ ὄψει καὶ ἄμπελος συνετῶς ὁραθεῖσα ὑπόμνησίν σοι τῆς φύσεως ἐμποιῆσαι. Μέμνησαι γὰρ δηλονότι τῆς τοῦ Κυρίου εἰκόνος, ὅτι ἄμπελον ἑαυτὸν λέγει, καὶ τὸν Πατέρα τὸν γεωργὸν, καὶ τοὺς καθ' ἕνα ἡμῶν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐμπεφυτευμένους τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ κλήματα προσηγόρευσε· καὶ προσκαλεῖται ἡμᾶς εἰς πολυ καρπίαν, ἵνα μὴ ἀχρηστίαν καταγνωσθέντες τῷ πυρὶ πα ραδοθῶμεν· καὶ οὐ παύεται πανταχοῦ τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν ἀνθρώπων ταῖς ἀμπέλοις ἐξομοιῶν. Ἀμπελὼν γὰρ ἐγενήθη τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ, φησὶν, ἐν κέρατι, ἐν τόπῳ πίονι. Καὶ, Ἀμπελῶνα ἐφύτευσα, καὶ περιέθηκα φραγμόν. Τὰς ἀνθρω πίνας ψυχὰς δηλονότι λέγει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα, αἷς φραγμὸν περιέθηκε τὴν ἐκ τῶν προσταγμάτων ἀσφάλειαν, καὶ τὴν φυλα κὴν τῶν ἀγγέλων. Παρεμβαλεῖ γὰρ ἄγγελος Κυρίου κύκλῳ τῶν φοβουμένων αὐτόν. Ἔπειτα καὶ οἱονεὶ χάρακας ἡμῖν παρα κατέπηξε θέμενος ἐν τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ πρῶτον ἀποστόλους, δεύτερον προφήτας, τρίτον διδασκάλους. Καὶ τοῖς τῶν παλαιῶν καὶ μακαρίων ἀνδρῶν ὑποδείγμασιν εἰς ὕψος ἡμῶν ἀνάγων τὰ φρονήματα, οὐκ ἀφῆκεν ἐρριμμένα χαμαὶ, καὶ τοῦ πατεῖσθαι ἄξια. Βούλεται δὲ ἡμᾶς καὶ οἱονεὶ ἕλιξί τισι ταῖς περιπλοκαῖς τῆς ἀγάπης τῶν πλησίον ἀντέχεσθαι, καὶ ἐπαναπαύεσθαι αὐτοῖς, ἵν' ἀεὶ πρὸς τὸ ἄνω τὴν ὁρμὴν ἔχοντες, οἷόν τινες ἀναδενδράδες ταῖς κορυφαῖς τῶν ὑψηλο τάτων ἑαυτοὺς παρισάζωμεν. Ἀπαιτεῖ δὲ ἡμᾶς καὶ τὸ καταδέχεσθαι σκαπτομένους. Ἀποσκάπτεται δὲ ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ ἀποθέσει τῶν τοῦ κόσμου μεριμνῶν, αἳ βάρος εἰσὶ ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν. Ὥστε ὁ τὴν σαρκίνην ἀγάπην ἀποθέμενος, καὶ τὴν πρὸς τὰ χρήματα φιλίαν, ἢ τὴν περὶ τὸ δύστηνον δοξάριον τοῦτο πτόησιν ἀπόπτυστον καὶ εὐκαταφρόνητον ἡγησάμενος, ὥσπερ ἐσκάφη καὶ ἀνέπνευσεν ἀποσκευασάμενος τὸ μάταιον βάρος τοῦ γηΐνου φρονήματος. ∆εῖ δὲ, κατὰ τὸν λόγον τῆς παροιμίας, μηδὲ ὑλομανεῖν, τουτέστι, μὴ ἐπι δεικτικῶς πολιτεύεσθαι, μηδὲ τὸν παρὰ τῶν ἔξωθεν ἔπαινον θηρᾶσθαι, ἀλλ' ἔγκαρπον εἶναι, τῷ ἀληθινῷ γεωργῷ τὴν ἐπίδειξιν τῶν ἔργων ταμιευόμενον. Σὺ δὲ καὶ Ὡς ἐλαία κατάκαρπος ἔσο ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, μηδέποτε γυμνούμενος τῆς ἐλπίδος, ἀλλ' ἀεὶ θάλλουσαν ἔχων περὶ σεαυτὸν τὴν διὰ πίστεως σωτηρίαν. Οὕτω γὰρ τὸ ἀειθαλὲς τοῦ φυτοῦ μιμήσῃ, καὶ τὸ πολύκαρπον δὲ αὐτοῦ ζηλώσεις, ἄφθονον τὴν ἐλεημοσύ νην ἐν παντὶ καιρῷ παρεχόμενος. 5.7 Ἀλλ' ἐπανέλθωμεν πρὸς τὴν ἔρευναν τῶν τεχνικῶν διατάξεων. Πόσα τότε γένη φυτῶν ἐπανέδραμε, τὰ μὲν ἔγκαρπα, τὰ δὲ ἐρέψιμα, ἄλλα πρὸς ναυπηγίαν ἐπιτήδεια, ἄλλα πρὸς καῦσιν; Ἐν τούτοις πάλιν ποικίλη μὲν ἐν ἑκάστῳ δένδρῳ ἡ τῶν μερῶν αὐτοῦ διακόσμησις, δυσέφικτος δὲ καὶ ἡ ἐξεύρεσις τῆς ἑκάστου ἰδιότητος, καὶ ἡ θεωρία τῆς πρὸς ἕκαστον τῶν ἑτερογενῶν διαφορᾶς. Πῶς τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν βαθύρριζα, τὰ δὲ ἀκρόρριζα· καὶ τὰ μὲν ὀρθοφυῆ καὶ μονοστέλεχα, τὰ δὲ χαμαίζηλα καὶ εὐθὺς ἀπὸ τῆς ῥίζης εἰς πολλὰς ἐκφύσεις διῃρημένα. Πῶς ὅσων μὲν οἱ κλάδοι προμήκεις ἐπὶ πολὺ τοῦ ἀέρος ἐκτεταμένοι, τούτων καὶ αἱ ῥίζαι βαθεῖαι, ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐν κύκλῳ διανεμόμεναι, οἷον θεμελίους τινὰς ἀναλογοῦντας τῷ βάρει τῶν ἄνωθεν