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hence it has salvation; for the union with life has the communion of life; but the body in another way comes to be in participation and mingling with the one who saves. For just as those who have taken poison through treachery have quenched its destructive power with another medicine, and it is necessary, in a similar way to the deadly thing, that the antidote should also be within the human vitals, so that through them the power of the helper might be distributed throughout the whole body, so too, having tasted that which dissolves our nature, we again necessarily needed that which reunites what was dissolved, so that such an antidote, being within us, might drive away the harm of the poison previously introduced into the body through its own counter-effect. What then is this? Nothing other than that body which was shown to be superior to death and began life for us. For just as a little leaven, as the apostle says, makes the whole lump like itself, so the body, made immortal by God, having come to be in ours, transforms and changes the whole to itself. For as when the corrupting is mixed with the healthy, the entire mixture is spoiled, so also the immortal body, having come to be in the one who has received it, has transformed the whole to its own nature. But indeed it is not possible for anything to be within the body in any other way, unless it is mingled with the vitals through eating and drinking. Therefore it is necessary to receive the life-giving power into the body in the way possible for nature. But since only that God-receiving body has received this grace, and since it has been shown to be impossible for our body to be in immortality otherwise than by coming into participation of incorruptibility through communion with the immortal, it is fitting to consider how it became possible for that one body, being forever distributed among so many myriads of the faithful throughout the whole world, to become whole in each one through the part, and yet itself to remain whole in itself. Therefore, so that our faith, looking to what is consistent, may have no doubt about the proposed meaning, it is fitting to divert our discourse a little to the physiology of the body. For who does not know that the nature of our body does not in and of itself have life in any proper subsistence, but through the power that flows into it, it both holds itself together and remains in being, by unceasing motion drawing to itself what is lacking and pushing away what is superfluous? And just as some wineskin, being full of some liquid, if the contents should exit from the bottom, would not keep its shape around its bulk, unless other liquid entered from above into the emptying space, so that one seeing the bulky circumference of this vessel would know that it is not proper to what is seen, but that what is flowing in, being within it, forms that which contains the bulk; so also the constitution of our body has nothing known to us that is proper to its own substance, but remains in being through the power that is introduced. And this power both is and is called nourishment. And it is not the same for all bodies that are nourished, but a suitable one is allotted to each by the one who orders nature. For some animals are nourished by digging roots, for others grass is food, for some the nourishment is flesh, but for man, chiefly, it is bread. And for the maintenance and preservation of fluid, drink is not only water itself, but often sweetened with wine, for the support of the heat within us. Therefore, he who looks at these things, in effect looks at the bulk of our body; for those things, having come to be in me, become blood and body, the nourishment being appropriately transformed into the form of the body through the alterative power. These things having been thus explained by us, we must bring our thought back again to the matters at hand. For we were investigating how that one body of Christ gives life to the whole nature of men, in as many as have faith, being divided among all and not itself being diminished. Perhaps, then, we are approaching a plausible argument. For if of every body

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ἐντεῦθεν τῆς σωτηρίας ἔχει· ἡ γὰρ πρὸς τὴν ζωὴν ἕνωσις τὴν τῆς ζωῆς κοινωνίαν ἔχει· τὸ δὲ σῶμα ἕτερον τρόπον ἐν μετουσίᾳ τε καὶ ἀνακράσει τοῦ σώζοντος γίνεται. ὥσπερ γὰρ οἱ δηλητήριον δι' ἐπιβουλῆς λαβόντες ἄλλῳ φαρμάκῳ τὴν φθοροποιὸν δύναμιν ἔσβεσαν, χρὴ δὲ καθ' ὁμοιότητα τοῦ ὀλεθρίου καὶ τὸ ἀλεξητήριον ἐντὸς τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων γενέσθαι σπλάγχνων, ὡς ἂν δι' ἐκείνων ἐφ' ἅπαν καταμερισθείη τὸ σῶμα ἡ τοῦ βοηθοῦντος δύναμις, οὕτω τοῦ διαλύοντος τὴν φύσιν ἡμῶν ἀπογευσάμενοι πάλιν ἀναγκαίως καὶ τοῦ συνάγοντος τὸ διαλελυμένον ἐπεδεήθημεν, ὡς ἂν ἐν ἡμῖν γενόμενον τὸ τοιοῦτον ἀλεξη τήριον τὴν προεντεθεῖσαν τῷ σώματι τοῦ δηλητηρίου βλάβην διὰ τῆς οἰκείας ἀντιπαθείας ἀπώσοιτο. τί οὖν ἐστι τοῦτο; οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ ἐκεῖνο τὸ σῶμα ὃ τοῦ τε θανάτου κρεῖττον ἐδείχθη καὶ τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῖν κατήρξατο. Καθάπερ γὰρ μικρὰ ζύμη, καθώς φησιν ὁ ἀπόστολος, ὅλον τὸ φύραμα πρὸς ἑαυτὴν ἐξομοιοῖ, οὕτως τὸ ἀθανατισθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ σῶμα ἐν τῷ ἡμετέρῳ γενόμενον ὅλον πρὸς ἑαυτὸ μεταποιεῖ καὶ μετατίθησιν. ὡς γὰρ τῷ φθοροποιῷ πρὸς τὸ ὑγιαῖνον ἀναμιχθέντι ἅπαν τὸ ἀνακραθὲν συνη χρείωται, οὕτως καὶ τὸ ἀθάνατον σῶμα ἐν τῷ ἀναλαβόντι αὐτὸ γενόμενον πρὸς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ φύσιν καὶ τὸ πᾶν μετε ποίησεν. ἀλλὰ μὴν οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλως ἐντός τι γενέσθαι τοῦ σώματος, μὴ διὰ βρώσεως καὶ πόσεως τοῖς σπλάγχνοις καταμιγνύμενον. οὐκοῦν ἐπάναγκες κατὰ τὸν δυνατὸν τῇ φύσει τρόπον τὴν ζωοποιὸν δύναμιν τῷ σώματι δέξασθαι. μόνου δὲ τοῦ θεοδόχου σώματος ἐκείνου ταύτην δεξαμένου τὴν χάριν, ἄλλως δὲ δειχθέντος μὴ εἶναι δυνατὸν ἐν ἀθανασίᾳ γενέσθαι τὸ ἡμέτερον σῶμα, μὴ διὰ τῆς πρὸς τὸ ἀθάνατον κοινωνίας ἐν μετουσίᾳ τῆς ἀφθαρσίας γινόμενον, σκοπῆσαι προσήκει, πῶς ἐγένετο δυνατὸν τὸ ἓν ἐκεῖνο σῶμα ταῖς τοσαύταις τῶν πιστῶν μυριάσι κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην εἰς ἀεὶ καταμεριζόμενον ὅλον ἑκάστου διὰ τοῦ μέρους γίνεσθαι καὶ αὐτὸ μένειν ἐφ' ἑαυτοῦ ὅλον. οὐκοῦν ὡς ἂν πρὸς τὸ ἀκόλουθον ἡμῖν ἡ πίστις βλέπουσα μηδεμίαν ἀμφιβολίαν περὶ τοῦ προκειμένου νοήματος ἔχοι, μικρόν τι προσήκει παρασχολῆσαι τὸν λόγον εἰς τὴν φυσιολογίαν τοῦ σώματος. τίς γὰρ οὐκ οἶδεν ὅτι ἡ τοῦ σώματος ἡμῶν φύσις αὐτὴ καθ' ἑαυτὴν ἐν ἰδίᾳ τινὶ ὑπο στάσει ζωὴν οὐκ ἔχει, ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς ἐπιρρεούσης αὐτῇ δυνάμεως συνέχει τε ἑαυτὴν καὶ ἐν τῷ εἶναι μένει, ἀπαύστῳ κινήσει τό τε λεῖπον πρὸς ἑαυτὴν ἐφελκομένη καὶ τὸ περιττεῦον ἀπωθουμένη; καὶ ὥσπερ τις ἀσκὸς ὑγροῦ τινὸς πλήρης ὤν, εἰ κατὰ τὸν πυθμένα τὸ ἐγκείμενον ὑπεξίοι, οὐκ ἂν φυλάσσοι τὸ περὶ τὸν ὄγκον ἑαυτοῦ σχῆμα, μὴ ἀντεισιόντος ἄνωθεν ἑτέρου πρὸς τὸ κενού μενον, ὥστε τὸν ὁρῶντα τὴν ὀγκώδη τοῦ ἀγγείου τούτου περιοχὴν εἰδέναι μὴ ἰδίαν εἶναι τοῦ φαινομένου, ἀλλὰ τὸ εἰσρέον ἐν αὐτῷ γινόμενον σχηματίζειν τὸ περιέχον τὸν ὄγκον· οὕτω καὶ ἡ τοῦ σώματος ἡμῶν κατασκευὴ ἴδιον μὲν πρὸς τὴν ἑαυτῆς σύστασιν οὐδὲν ἡμῖν γνώριμον ἔχει, διὰ δὲ τῆς ἐπεισαγομένης δυνάμεως ἐν τῷ εἶναι μένει. ἡ δὲ δύναμις αὕτη τροφὴ καὶ ἔστι καὶ λέγεται. ἔστι δὲ οὐχ ἡ αὐτὴ πᾶσι τοῖς τρεφομένοις σώμασιν, ἀλλά τις ἑκάστῳ κατάλληλος παρὰ τοῦ τὴν φύσιν οἰκονομοῦντος ἀποκεκλήρωται. τὰ μὲν γὰρ τῶν ζῴων ῥιζωρυχοῦντα τρέφεται, ἑτέροις ἐστὶν ἡ πόα τρόφιμος, τινῶν δὲ ἡ τροφὴ σάρκες εἰσίν, ἀνθρώπῳ δὲ κατὰ τὸ προηγούμενον ἄρτος. καὶ εἰς τὴν τοῦ ὑγροῦ διαμονὴν καὶ συντήρησιν πότον γίνεται οὐκ αὐτὸ μόνον τὸ ὕδωρ, ἀλλ' οἴνῳ πολλάκις ἐφηδυνόμενον, πρὸς τὴν τοῦ θερμοῦ τοῦ ἐν ἡμῖν συμμαχίαν. οὐκοῦν ὁ πρὸς ταῦτα βλέπων δυνάμει πρὸς τὸν ὄγκον τοῦ ἡμετέρου σώματος βλέπει· ἐν ἐμοὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖνα γενόμενα αἷμα καὶ σῶμα γίνεται, καταλλήλως διὰ τῆς ἀλλοιω τικῆς δυνάμεως πρὸς τὸ τοῦ σώματος εἶδος τῆς τροφῆς μεθισταμένης. τούτων ἡμῖν τοῦτον διευκρινηθέντων τὸν τρόπον ἐπανακτέον πάλιν πρὸς τὰ προκείμενα τὴν διανοίαν. ἐζητεῖτο γὰρ πῶς τὸ ἓν ἐκεῖνο σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ πᾶσαν ζωοποιεῖ τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσιν, ἐν ὅσοις ἡ πίστις ἐστί, πρὸς πάντας μεριζόμενον καὶ αὐτὸ οὐ μειούμενον. τάχα τοίνυν ἐγγὺς τοῦ εἰκότος λόγου γινόμεθα. εἰ γὰρ παντὸς σώματος