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that this should be done? Therefore many others as well, since for them also to wish is a law, not divine, but human and condemnable, have done and will perhaps do so until the end of the age. But the church of God has remained unharmed, even if it was struck by many arrows, and the gates of Hades have not been able to prevail against it. Nor does it tolerate doing or saying anything contrary to the established boundaries and laws, even if many shepherds in many ways have acted foolishly; since they also convened great and numerous synods and have called themselves churches of God and have seemed to be concerned for the canons, while in truth moving against the canons. What wonder is it then, if even now perhaps five or ten bishops, having gathered, acquitted the one who was deposed by the canons on two counts, lifting the ban on performing sacred ministry? A synod, therefore, my lord, is not the simple gathering of hierarchs and priests, even if they are many (for better, he says, is one who does the will of the Lord than ten thousand who transgress), but the gathering in the name of the Lord for the investigation and observance of the canons, and binding and loosing not in a haphazard way, but as seems right to the truth and to the canon and to the rule of exactness. Either let those who gathered show that they have done this, and we are with them, or, if they do not show it, let them cast out the unworthy one, lest it be handed down as an accusation against them and against future generations; for the word of God is not by nature bound, and authority has in no way been given to hierarchs over any transgression of a canon, but only to abide by what has been decreed and to follow their predecessors (I know not, unless something is uncanonical and has been overlooked). And to this effect there is a canon of Saint Basil concerning a priest who has sworn in truth to be content only with his own church and to offer the gift nowhere else. And again, that of the council in Carthage concerning those who ordain men who are apostates from monasteries, that such men ought not to perform sacred ministry in another church besides the episcopate which each holds, and that those who have been ordained are to be deposed. If, therefore, in these simple matters, which to many do not even seem to be sinful at all, the judgments and statutes of God are not without penalty, how much more so in the present case? It is not possible, therefore, it is not possible, O lord, for either our church or another to do anything contrary to the established laws and canons. For, if this were granted, the Gospel is empty, the canons are in vain, and each, during the time of his own pontificate, since it is permitted to him to act as he sees fit with those who are with him, let him be a new evangelist, another apostle, a different lawgiver. But in no way; for we have a command from the Apostle himself, that if anyone should dogmatize or command us to do anything contrary to what we have received, contrary to the canons of the synods from time to time, both catholic and local, we are to hold him as unacceptable and not to count him in the lot of the saints; and we forbear to speak the ill-omened word, which he himself has said. To us, therefore, who are outside the world, nothing else is owed than to seek and to do such things, from which you also may be lifted up and show zeal. And if life is in these things, it would be well; but if not, it is better to be both homeless and hearthless and to wander under heaven with all affliction and distress. Let your God-loving soul, zealous for divine things, therefore help according to its power. 25 {1To Nikephoros the Patriarch}1 Using our humble letter as a sort of curtain, out of reverence for the messenger of your Beatitude, we the humble present ourselves to your most holy Eminence, as is necessary. For John, our fellow-servant and disciple, has already reported the present matter to us, that having been deemed worthy of your august veneration, he heard from you certain strange and abominable things; "4For you are schismatics"5, he says, "4from the church"5. How much then, at these words, O most blessed one, was our soul not reasonably moved to sorrow? And how could we not speak in our defense to your Holiness and not by silence confirm the accusation? But I, before my defense, bring this forward with reverence, that not as

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τοῦτο πράττεσθαι; πολλοὶ τοίνυν καὶ ἄλλοι, ἐπειδὴ τὸ βούλεσθαι καὶ αὐτοῖς νόμος ἐστὶν οὐ θεῖος, ἀλλὰ ἀνθρώπινος καὶ κατηγορούμενος, δεδράκασι καὶ δράσωσι τυχὸν ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. ἀλλ' ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκλησία μεμένηκεν ἀπήμαντος, κἂν πολλοῖς ἐβλήθη τοξεύμασι, καὶ πύλαι ᾅδου κατισχῦσαι αὐτῆς οὐ δεδύνηνται. οὐδὲ παρὰ τοὺς κειμένους ὅρους καὶ νόμους πράττειν τι καὶ λέγειν ἀνέχεται, κἂν πολλοὶ πολλαχῶς ποιμένες ἠφρονεύσαντο· ἐπεὶ καὶ συνόδους συνεκρότησαν μεγάλας καὶ παμπληθεῖς καὶ ἐκκλησίας θεοῦ ἑαυτοὺς ὠνομάκασιν καὶ ὑπὲρ κανόνων ἐφρόντισαν τὸ δοκεῖν, κατὰ κανόνων τὸ ἀληθὲς κινούμενοι. τί δὴ θαυμαστόν, εἰ καὶ νῦν πέντε καὶ δέκα τυχὸν ἐπίσκοποι συναχθέντες τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν κανόνων καθῃρημένον κατὰ δύο αἰτίας ἠθώωσαν, λύσαντες τοῦ ἱερουργεῖν; σύνοδος τοίνυν, δέσποτα, οὐ τὸ ἁπλῶς συνάγεσθαι ἱεράρχας τε καὶ ἱερεῖς, κἂν πολλοὶ ὦσιν (κρείσσων γάρ, φησίν, εἷς ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Κυρίου ἢ μυρίοι παραβαίνοντες), ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου ἐν τῇ ἐρεύνῃ καὶ φυλακτικῇ τῶν κανόνων καὶ τὸ δεσμεῖν καὶ λύειν οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν, ἀλλ' ὡς δοκεῖ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ καὶ τῷ κανόνι καὶ τῷ γνώμονι τῆς ἀκριβείας. ἢ δείξωσιν οἱ συνελθόντες τοῦτο πεποιηκότες, καὶ ἡμεῖς σὺν αὐτοῖς, ἤ, εἰ οὐ δεικνύουσιν, ἐκβαλέτωσαν τὸν ἀνάξιον, ἵνα μὴ εἰς κατηγόρημα αὐτοῖς καὶ ταῖς μετέπειτα γενεαῖς παραδοθήσεται· ὁ λόγος γὰρ ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ δεδέσθαι φύσιν οὐκ ἔχει, καὶ ἐξουσία τοῖς ἱεράρχαις ἐν οὐδενὶ δέδοται ἐπὶ πάσῃ παραβάσει κανόνος ἢ μόνον στοιχεῖν τὰ δεδογμένα καὶ ἕπεσθαι τοῖς προλαβοῦσιν (οὐκ οἶδα, εἰ μή τι ἀκανόνιστόν ἐστι καὶ παρεωραμένον). καὶ πρὸς τοῦτο κανὼν τοῦ Ἁγίου Βασιλείου εἰς ἱερέα ὀμωμοκότα ἐπ' ἀληθείᾳ τοῦ ἀρκεῖσθαι μόνον τῇ οἰκείᾳ ἐκκλησίᾳ καὶ μηδαμοῦ ἀλλῇ προσφέρειν δῶρον. καὶ πάλιν τῆς ἐν Καρθαγένῃ ἐπὶ τῶν χειροτονούντων τοὺς ἐκ τῶν μοναστηρίων ἀποστατοῦντας τὸ τοὺς τοιούτους μὴ δεῖν εἰς ἑτέραν ἐκκλησίαν παρ' ἣν κατέχει ἕκαστος ἐπισκοπὴν ἱερουργεῖν, τοὺς δὲ χειροτονηθέντας εἶναι καθηρημένους. Εἰ τοίνυν ἐπὶ τούτων τῶν ψιλῶν καὶ τοῖς πολλοῖς οὐδὲ δοκούντων τι εἶναι ἐφάμαρτον οὐκ ἀνεκδίκητα τὰ κρίματα καὶ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιώματα, πόσῳ γε μᾶλλον ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος; οὐκ ἔστιν οὖν, οὐκ ἔστιν, ὦ δέσποτα, οὔτε τὴν καθ' ἡμᾶς ἐκκλησίαν οὔτε ἑτέραν παρὰ τοὺς κειμένους νόμους καὶ κανόνας ποιεῖν τι. ἐπεί, εἰ τοῦτο δοθείη, κενὸν τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, εἰκῇ οἱ κανόνες, καὶ ἕκαστος κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς οἰκείας ἀρχιερωσύνης, ἐπειδὴ ἔξεστιν αὐτῷ ὡς δοκεῖ μετὰ τῶν σὺν αὐτῷ πράσσειν, ἔστω νέος εὐαγγελιστής, ἄλλος ἀπόστολος, ἕτερος νομοθέτης. ἀλλ' οὐδαμῶς· παραγγελίαν γὰρ ἔχομεν ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἀποστόλου, παρ' ὃ παρελάβομεν, παρ' ὃ οἱ κανόνες τῶν κατὰ καιροὺς συνόδων καθολικῶν τε καὶ τοπικῶν ἐάν τις δογματίζῃ ἢ προστάσσῃ ποιεῖν ἡμᾶς, ἀπαράδεκτον αὐτὸν ἔχειν μηδὲ λογίζεσθαι αὐτὸν ἐν κλήρῳ ἁγίων· καὶ τὸ δύσφημον παρῆμεν λέγειν, ὃ αὐτὸς εἴρηκεν. ἡμῖν οὖν τοῖς ἔξω κόσμου οὐδὲν ἄλλο ὀφείλεται ἢ τὸ τὰ τοιαῦτα ζητεῖν καὶ πράσσειν, ἐξ ὧν καὶ ὑμῖν τὸ συνεπαίρεσθαι καὶ ζηλοῦν. καὶ εἰ μὲν ἐν τούτοις ἡ ζωή, εὖ ἂν ἔχοι· εἰ δὲ μή, συμφέρον καὶ ἀοίκους εἶναι καὶ ἀνεστίους καὶ τὴν ὑπ' οὐρανὸν περιέρχεσθαι μετὰ πᾶσαν θλῖψιν καὶ στενοχωρίαν. βοηθησάτω τοίνυν τὰ κατὰ δύναμιν ἡ θεοφιλής σου ψυχὴ καὶ ζηλοτυποῦσα τὰ θεῖα. 25 {1Νικηφόρῳ πατριάρχῃ}1 Παραπετάσματί τινι χρώμενοι τῷ εὐτελεῖ ἡμῶν γραμματείῳ αἰδοῖ τοῦ ἀγγέλου τῆς μακαριότητός σου ἐμφανίζομεν ἑαυτοὺς οἱ ταπεινοὶ τῇ ἱερωτάτῃ αὐτῆς κορυφῇ κατὰ τὸ ἀναγκαῖον. ἤδη γὰρ τὸ παρὸν ἀπήγγειλεν ἡμῖν Ἰωάννης ὁ σύνδουλος καὶ μαθητὴς ἡμῶν, ὡς ἀξιωθεὶς τῆς σεπτῆς σου προσκυνήσεως ἀκήκοεν παρ' αὐτῆς ξένα τινὰ καὶ ἀπευκταῖα· "4ἀποσχίσται γάρ"5, φησιν, "4ἐστὲ τῆς ἐκκλησίας"5. πόσον οὖν ἐπὶ τούτοις, ὦ μακαριώτατε, οὐκ εἰκότως ἦν ἡμῶν διατεθῆναι τὴν ψυχὴν λυπηρῶς; πῶς δὲ οὐκ ἐκλαλῆσαι ἀπολογητικῶς τῇ ἁγιωσύνῃ σου καὶ μὴ τῇ σιωπῇ κυρῶσαι τὴν κατηγορίαν; Ἐγὼ δὲ πρὸ τῆς ἀπολογίας ἐκεῖνο μετ' αἰδοῦς προσαναφέρω, ὅτι οὐχ ὡς