We said the neck was opinion, as between the rational and irrational; the breast, spirit; the belly, desire; the legs and feet, nature, using the names of the parts as symbols for the faculties, so much the more must the diversity of forms and shapes, when applied to Him who is beyond all things, be purified by sacred, God-befitting, and mystical interpretations. And if you wish to apply the three dimensions of bodies to the intangible and unfigured God, «breadth» must be said to be the divine and most wide procession of God to all things, «length» His power extending over all, and «depth» His incomprehensible hiddenness and unknowability to all beings. But lest we unwittingly, from the interpretation of diverse shapes and forms, confuse the incorporeal divine names with those conveyed through perceptible symbols, on these matters, therefore, we treat in the Symbolic Theology. But now, let us not suspect the divine diversity to be some alteration of the super-immutable sameness, but rather His unified multiplication and the single-formed processions of His all-prolific nature. <6> If one should speak of God as 'Like,' in the sense of 'Same,' as being wholly and through all, abidingly and indivisibly, like to Himself, we must not reject the divine name of 'Like'. But the theologians say that God, Who is above all, is, in Himself, like to none, but that He bestows a divine likeness on those who turn to Him by an imitation, according to their capacity, of Him who is beyond all limit and reason. And the power of the divine likeness is that which turns all created things towards their Cause. These things, then, must be said to be like God and according to a divine image and likeness, for God is not like them, just as a man is not like his own image. For in the case of things of the same order, it is possible for them to be like each other and to have a reciprocal likeness in both directions, and for both to be like each other according to a pre-existing form of likeness; but in the case of the Cause and the effects, we will not accept such reciprocity. For He does not bestow the quality of being like on these or those alone, but God becomes the cause of being like for all who participate in likeness, and He is the subsistence of Likeness-itself. And that which is like in all things is like by some trace of the divine likeness and it completes their union. <7> And what need is there to speak of this? For theology itself teaches that He is 'Unlike' and uncoordinated with all things, as being other than all, and, what is most paradoxical, it says that nothing is like Him. And yet this statement is not contrary to the likeness to Him. For the same things are both like and unlike God: like, according to the possible imitation of the inimitable; but unlike, according to the deficiency of the effects from the Cause, falling short by infinite and incomparable measures. <8> And what do we say about the divine 'standing' or 'session'? What else indeed but that God remains in Himself and is permanently fixed and super-established in an unmoved sameness, and that He acts according to the same things and around the same thing and in the same way, and that He exists in every way unchangeably from Himself, and is immovable and wholly motionless, and these things super-essentially. For He is the cause of all standing and session, Who is beyond all session and standing, and «in Him all things consist,» kept unshaken from the stability of their own goods. <9> What then, when the theologians again say that the Unmoved proceeds to all things and is moved? Must not this too be understood in a manner befitting God? For He must be piously thought to be moved, not according to locomotion or alteration or variation or turning or local motion—not straight, nor circular, nor compounded of both, nor intellectual, nor of the soul, nor of nature—but in that God brings all things into being and sustains them and provides for all in all ways, and in that He is present to all by His unrestrained embrace of all things and by His providential processions and activities towards all beings. But it must be granted that one may hymn the movements of the unmoved God in a God-befitting manner. And the straight must be understood as the unswerving and undeviating procession of His energies and the generation of all things from Himself; the spiral, as the stable procession and the productive stability; and the circular, as sameness and the containing of the middle and the extremes, that which contains and is contained, and the turning to
αὐχένα δὲ τὴν δόξαν ὡς ἐν μέσῳ λόγου καὶ ἀλογίας, στῆθος δὲ θυμόν, γαστέρα δὲ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν, σκέλη δὲ καὶ πόδας τὴν φύσιν ἐλέγομεν τοῖς τῶν μερῶν ὀνόμασι τῶν δυνάμεων συμβόλοις χρώμενοι, πολλῷ γε μᾶλλον ἐπὶ τοῦ πάντων ἐπέκεινα τὴν ἑτερότητα τῶν μορφῶν καὶ τῶν σχημάτων ἱεραῖς καὶ θεοπρεπέσι καὶ μυστικαῖς ἀναπτύξεσιν ἀνακαθαίρεσθαι χρή. Καὶ εἰ βούλει τὰ τριττὰ τῶν σωμάτων σχήματα τῷ ἀναφεῖ καὶ ἀσχηματίστῳ θεῷ περιάψαι, «πλάτος» μὲν θεῖον ῥητέον τὴν ὑπερευρεῖαν ἐπὶ πάντα τοῦ θεοῦ πρόοδον, «μῆκος» δὲ τὴν ὑπερεκτεινομένην τὰ ὅλα δύναμιν, «βάθος» δὲ τὴν πᾶσι τοῖς οὖσιν ἀπερίληπτον κρυφιότητα καὶ ἀγνωσίαν. Ἀλλ' ὅπως μὴ λάθωμεν ἑαυτοὺς ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἑτεροίων σχημάτων καὶ μορφῶν ἀναπτύξεως τὰς ἀσωμάτους θεωνυμίας ταῖς διὰ συμβόλων αἰσθητῶν συμφύροντες, διὸ περὶ μὲν τούτων ἐν τῇ Συμβολικῇ θεολογίᾳ. Νῦν δὲ αὐτὸ τὴν θείαν ἑτερότητα μὴ ἀλλοίωσίν τινα τῆς ὑπερατρέπτου ταὐτότητος ὑποπτεύσωμεν, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἑνιαῖον αὐτοῦ πολυπλασιασμὸν καὶ τὰς μονοειδεῖς τῆς ἐπὶ πάντα πολυγονίας προόδους. <6> Ὅμοιον δὲ τὸν θεὸν εἰ μὲν ὡς ταὐτὸν εἴποι τις, ὡς ὅλον διόλου ἑαυτῷ μονίμως καὶ ἀμερίστως ὄντα ὅμοιον, οὐκ ἀτιμαστέον ἡμῖν τὴν τοῦ ὁμοίου θεωνυμίαν. Oἱ δὲ θεολόγοι τὸν ὑπὲρ πάντα θεόν, ᾗ αὐτός, οὐδενί φασιν εἶναι ὅμοιον, αὐτὸν δὲ ὁμοιότητα θείαν δωρεῖσθαι τοῖς ἐπ' αὐτὸν ἐπιστρεφομένοις τῇ κατὰ δύναμιν μιμήσει τὸν ὑπὲρ πάντα καὶ ὅρον καὶ λόγον. Καὶ ἔστιν ἡ τῆς θείας ὁμοιότητος δύναμις ἡ τὰ παραγόμενα πάντα πρὸς τὸ αἴτιον ἐπιστρέφουσα. Ταῦτα γοῦν ῥητέον ὅμοια θεῷ καὶ κατὰ θείαν εἰκόνα καὶ ὁμοίωσιν, οὐδὲ γὰρ αὐτοῖς τὸν θεὸν ὅμοιον, ὅτι μηδὲ ἄνθρωπος τῇ ἰδίᾳ εἰκόνι ὅμοιος. Ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τῶν ὁμοταγῶν δυνατὸν καὶ ὅμοια αὐτὰ ἀλλήλοις εἶναι καὶ ἀντιστρέφειν ἐφ' ἑκάτερα τὴν ὁμοιότητα καὶ εἶναι ἄμφω ἀλλήλοις ὅμοια κατὰ προηγούμενον ὁμοίου εἶδος, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ αἰτίου καὶ τῶν αἰτιατῶν οὐκ ἀποδεξόμεθα τὴν ἀντιστροφήν. Oὐ γὰρ μόνοις τοῖσδε ἢ τοῖσδε τὸ ὁμοίοις εἶναι δωρεῖται, πᾶσι δὲ τοῖς ὁμοιότητος μετέχουσι τοῦ εἶναι ὁμοίοις ὁ θεὸς αἴτιος γίγνεται καὶ ἔστι καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς αὐτοομοιότητος ὑποστάτης. Καὶ τὸ ἐν πᾶσιν ὅμοιον ἴχνει τινὶ τῆς θείας ὁμοιότητος ὅμοιόν ἐστι καὶ τὴν ἕνωσιν αὐτῶν συμπληροῖ. <7> Καὶ τί δεῖ περὶ τούτου λέγειν; Aὐτὴ γὰρ ἡ θεολογία τὸ ἀνόμοιον αὐτὸν εἶναι πρεσβεύει καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν ἀσύντακτον ὡς πάντων ἕτερον καὶ τὸ δὴ παραδοξότερον, ὅτι μηδὲ εἶναί τι ὅμοιον αὐτῷ φησιν. Καίτοι οὐκ ἐναντίος ὁ λόγος τῇ πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁμοιότητι. Τὰ γὰρ αὐτὰ καὶ ὅμοια θεῷ καὶ ἀνόμοια, τὸ μὲν κατὰ τὴν ἐνδεχομένην τοῦ ἀμιμήτου μίμησιν, τὸ δὲ κατὰ τὸ ἀποδέον τῶν αἰτιατῶν τοῦ αἰτίου καὶ μέτροις ἀπείροις καὶ ἀσυγκρίτοις ἀπολειπόμενον. <8> Τί δὲ καὶ περὶ τῆς θείας στάσεως ἤτοι καθέδρας φαμέν; Τί δὲ ἄλλο γε παρὰ τὸ μένειν αὐτὸν ἐν ἑαυτῷ τὸν θεὸν καὶ ἐν ἀκινήτῳ ταὐτότητι μονίμως πεπηγέναι καὶ ὑπεριδρῦσθαι καὶ τὸ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ περὶ τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ ὡσαύτως ἐνεργεῖν καὶ κατὰ τὸ ἀμετάστατον αὐτὸν ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ πάντως ὑπάρχειν καὶ κατὰ τὸ ἀμετακίνητον αὐτὸ καὶ ὁλικῶς ἀκίνητον καὶ ταῦτα ὑπερουσίως. Aὐτὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὁ τῆς πάντων στάσεως καὶ ἕδρας αἴτιος, ὁ ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν ἕδραν καὶ στάσιν καὶ «ἐν αὐτῷ πάντα συνέστηκεν» ἐκ τῆς τῶν οἰκείων ἀγαθῶν στάσεως ἀσάλευτα ιαφυλαττόμενα. <9> Τί δέ, καὶ ὅταν αὖθις οἱ θεολόγοι καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα προϊόντα καὶ κινούμενόν φασι τὸν ἀκίνητον; Oὐ θεοπρεπῶς καὶ τοῦτο νοητέον; Κινεῖσθαι γὰρ αὐτὸν εὐσεβῶς οἰητέον οὐ κατὰ φορὰν ἢ ἀλλοίωσιν ἢ ἑτεροίωσιν ἢ τροπὴν ἢ τοπικὴν κίνησιν, οὐ τὴν εὐθεῖαν, οὐ τὴν κυκλοφορικήν, οὐ τὴν ἐξ ἀμφοῖν, οὐ τὴν νοητήν, οὐ τὴν ψυχικήν, οὐ τὴν φυσικήν, ἀλλὰ τὸ εἰς οὐσίαν ἄγειν τὸν θεὸν καὶ συνέχειν τὰ πάντα καὶ παντοίως πάντων προνοεῖν καὶ τὸ παρεῖναι πᾶσι τῇ πάντων ἀσχέτῳ περιοχῇ καὶ ταῖς ἐπὶ τὰ ὄντα πάντα προνοητικαῖς προόδοις καὶ ἐνεργείαις. Ἀλλὰ καὶ κινήσεις θεοῦ τοῦ ἀκινήτου θεοπρεπῶς τῷ λόγῳ συγχωρητέον ὑμνῆσαι. Καὶ τὸ μὲν εὐθὺ τὸ ἀκλινὲς νοητέον καὶ τὴν ἀπαρέγκλιτον πρόοδον τῶν ἐνεργειῶν καὶ τὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ τῶν ὅλων γένεσιν, τὸ δὲ ἑλικοειδὲς τὴν σταθερὰν πρόοδον καὶ τὴν γόνιμον στάσιν, τὸ δὲ κατὰ κύκλον τὸ ταὐτὸν καὶ τὸ τὰ μέσα καὶ ἄκρα, περιέχοντα καὶ περιεχόμενα συνέχειν καὶ τὴν εἰς