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a ransom for our sins to God."For what, says the apostle, will a man give to God, that it may be paid back to him?" This is a right judgment, this is a just and true humility. For the Lord also says: "Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish but to fulfill". And this is the fulfillment of the law: that no one justifies himself in anything, nor avenges himself, but to be laid out before all in all things as if dead, so that whatever they might do to him, he is not moved at all nor, being troubled, speaks against them, but to be in the commandments of God alone and in keeping His ordinances, like a lion or another gigantic Samson or some other who has existed or exists and is braver than him.

It is possible, therefore, brothers, for all, not only for monks but also for the laity, to always and continually repent and weep and pray to God, and through such actions to acquire all the other virtues as well. And that this is true, John Chrysostom, the great pillar and teacher of the church, also testifies with me, (91) in his discourses on David, explaining the fiftieth psalm, saying that it is possible for one who has a wife and sons and daughters and a multitude of servants and much property and is involved in the affairs of life, not only to be able to do this, to weep daily and pray and repent, but also for one who wishes to reach the perfection of virtue and to receive the Holy Spirit and to become a friend of God and to enjoy the vision of Him, such as were, even before the coming of Christ, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Lot in Sodom, and, to pass over the others, who are many, Moses and David; and in the new grace and epiphany of our God and Savior, Peter, the fisherman and unlettered man, preaching with his mother-in-law and the others the God who had appeared. And the others, who could number them, being more than the drops of rain and more than the stars of heaven, kings, rulers, and potentates—not to mention the poor and those who lived in self-sufficiency—whose cities and houses and the temples of the churches, which they ambitiously erected, whose homes for the aged and hostels are preserved and exist to this day, which they also possessed while living and used them piously, not as their own, but as slaves of the master managing the things given to them by the master as seemed good to him, making use of the world, according to the voice of Paul, but not abusing it. For this reason, both in the present life they have become very glorious and splendid, and now and for the unending ages in the kingdom of God they will become even more glorious and splendid people. (92) And if we were not slothful and indolent and despisers of God's commandments, but diligent and aroused and sober, we would have no need of renunciation or tonsure or flight from the world. And that I may confirm this, listen!

From the beginning God made man king of all things on earth, and indeed also of those things under the vault of heaven; for the sun and moon and stars were certainly brought forth for man. What then? Being king of all these visible things, was he harmed by them with respect to virtue? By no means at all; but even more, if he had remained giving thanks to God who made and gave him all things, he was going to be well-pleasing. For if he had not transgressed the commandment of the Master, he would not have lost this kingdom, he would not have deprived himself of the glory of God; but since he has done this, he was rightly cast out, exiled, lived, and died. And I tell you a matter which, I think, no one has clearly revealed, but it has been said obscurely. Which one? Hear the divine Scripture saying: "And God said to Adam—I mean after the transgression—: "'Adam, where are you?'" What did the Maker of all mean by saying this? Certainly wishing to bring him to awareness and calling him to repentance,

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ἀντίλυτρον τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν τῷ Θεῷ."Τί γάρ, φησίν ὁ ἀπόστολος, δώσει ἄνθρωπος τῷ Θεῷ, ἵνα ἀνταποδοθῇ αὐτῷ;" Αὕτη κρίσις ὀρθή, αὕτη ταπείνωσις δικαία καί ἀληθής. Φησί γάρ καί ὁ Κύριος· "Μή νομίσητε ὅτι ἦλθον καταλῦσαι τόν νόμον ἤ τούς προφήτας· οὐκ ἦλθον καταλῦσαι ἀλλά πληρῶσαι". Τοῦτο δέ ἐστι πλήρωμα νόμου τό μή δικαιολογεῖσθαί τινα ἔν τινι, μηδέ ἑαυτόν ἐκδικεῖν, ἀλλά προκεῖσθαι τοῖς πᾶσι τά πάντα ὡσεί νεκρόν, ἵνα εἴτι δ᾿ ἄν ποιῶσιν εἰς αὐτόν μή κινῆται ὅλως μηδέ ταρασσόμενος ἀντιλέγῃ αὐτοῖς, ἀλλ᾿ εἶναι ἐν μόναις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς τοῦ Θεοῦ καί εἰς τό τηρεῖν τά ἐκείνου προστάγματα, ὡς λέοντα ἤ γιγαντιαῖον ἄλλον Σαμψών ἤ εἴ τινα ἕτερον ἤ προγεγονότα ἤ ὄντα καί αὐτοῦ ἀνδρειότερον.

∆υνατόν οὖν ἐστιν, ἀδελφοί, τοῖς πᾶσιν οὐ μόνον τοῖς μοναχοῖς ἀλλά καί τοῖς λαϊκοῖς τό ἀεί καί διηνεκῶς μετανοεῖν καί κλαίειν καί δέεσθαι τοῦ Θεοῦ, καί διά τῶν τοιούτων πράξεων καί τάς λοιπάς πάσας ἀρετάς κτήσασθαι. Καί ὅτι τοῦτο ἀληθές ἐστι συμμαρτυρεῖ μοι καί ὁ χρυσορρήμων Ἰωάννης, ὁ μέγας στῦλος καί διδάσκαλος τῆς ἐκκλησίας, (91) περί τοῦ ∆αυίδ λόγοις τόν πεντηκοστόν ψαλμόν ἐξηγούμενος, λέγων δυνατόν εἶναι γυναῖκα ἔχοντα καί παῖδας καί παιδίσκας καί πλῆθος οἰκετῶν καί περιουσίαν πολλήν καί βιωτικοῖς ἐμπρέποντα πράγμασι, μή τοῦτο μόνον δύνασθαι, τό κλαίειν καθ᾿ ἑκάστην καί εὔχεσθαι καί μετανοεῖν, ἀλλά καί εἰς τό τέλειον φθάσαι τῆς ἀρετῆς τόν βουλόμενον καί Πνεῦμα λαβεῖν Ἅγιον καί φίλον γενέσθαι Θεοῦ καί ἐπαπολαύειν τῆς θέας αὐτοῦ, οἷοι καί πρό τῆς Χριστοῦ παρουσίας ἐγένοντο Ἀβραάμ, Ἰσαάκ, Ἰακώβ καί ὁ ἐν Σοδόμοις Λώτ καί ἵνα τούς ἄλλους παρήσω πολλούς ὄντας Μωσῆς καί ∆αυίδ, ἐν τῇ νέᾳ δέ χάριτι καί ἐπιφανείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Πέτρος, ὁ ἁλιεύς καί ἀγράμματος, μετά τῆς πενθερᾶς καί τῶν ἄλλων κηρύσσων τόν ἐπιφανέντα Θεόν. Τούς δ᾿ ἄλλους τίς ἀριθμήσειεν, ὑπέρ σταγόνας ὄντας τῶν ὑετῶν καί ὑπέρ τούς ἀστέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, βασιλεῖς, ἄρχοντας καί δυνάστας - μή εἴπω πένητας καί τούς τῇ αὐταρκείᾳ συζήσαντας ὧν αἱ πόλεις καί αἱ οἰκίαι καί τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν οἱ ναοί, οὕς ἐκεῖνοι φιλοτίμως ἀνήγειραν, ὧν τά γηροκομεῖα καί τά ξενοδοχεῖα σῴζονται καί εἰσι μέχρι τοῦ νῦν, ἅπερ καί περιόντες ἐκεῖνοι ἐκέκτηντο καί ἐχρῶντο αὐτοῖς εὐσεβῶς, οὐχ ὡς οἰκείοις, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς δοῦλοι τοῦ δεσπότου τά παρά τοῦ δεσπότου δοθέντα αὐτοῖς καί ὡς ἐκείνῳ ἐδόκει διέποντες, χρώμενοι μέν τῷ κόσμῳ κατά τήν τοῦ Παύλου φωνήν, οὐ καταχρώμενοι δέ. ∆ιά γάρ τοῦτο καί ἐν τῷ βίῳ τῷ παρόντι περίδοξοι γεγόνασι καί λαμπροί καί νῦν καί εἰς τούς ἀτελευτήτους αἰῶνας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ περιδοξότεροι καί λαμπρότεροι ἄνθρωποι γενήσονται. (92) Καί εἰ μή ὀκνηροί ἦμεν καί ῥᾴθυμοι καί καταφρονηταί τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλά σπουδαῖοι καί διεγηγερμένοι καί νήφοντας, οὐδεμίαν εἴχομεν χρείαν ἀποταγῆς ἤ κουρᾶς ἤ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου φυγῆς. Καί ἵνα τοῦτο πιστώσωμαι, ἄκουσον!

Ὁ Θεός τόν ἄνθρωπον βασιλέα ἐποίησεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πάντων τῶν ἐπί γῆς, ἀλλά μήν καί αὐτῶν τῶν ὑπό τόν ὄροφον ὄντων τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· ἥλιος γάρ καί σελήνη καί ἄστρα διά τόν ἄνθρωπον πάντως παρήχθησαν. Τί οὖν; Βασιλεύες ὤν τούτων ἁπάντων τῶν ὁρωμένων, ἐβλάπτετο ἆρα ἐκ τούτων πρός ἀρετήν; Οὐμενοῦν οὐδαμῶς, ἀλλά καί μειζόνως, εἰ ἔμεινεν εὐχαριστῶν τῷ ποιήσαντι καί δεδωκότι αὐτῷ τά πάντα Θεῷ, ἔμελλεν εὐδοκιμεῖν. Εἰ μή γάρ παρέβη τήν ἐντολήν τοῦ ∆εσπότου, οὐκ ἄν τήν βασιλείαν ταύτην ἀπώλεσεν, οὐκ ἄν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξης ἑαυτόν ἀπεστέρησεν· ἐπεί δέ τοῦτο πεποίηκεν, εἰκότως ἐξεβλήθη, ἐξωρίσθη, ἐβίωσε καί ἀπέθανε. Καί λέγω σοι πρᾶγμα ὅπερ σαφῶς, οἶμαι, οὐδείς ἀπεκάλυψε, συνεσκιασμένως δέ τοῦτο εἴρηται. Ποῖον; Ἄκουε τῆς θείας λεγούσης Γραφῆς· "Καί εἶπεν ὁ Θεός τῷ Ἀδάμ μετά τό παραβῆναι λέγω · "'Αδάμ, ποῦ εἶ;" Τί τοῦτο λέγων, ὁ τοῦ παντός Ποιητής; Πάντως εἰς συναίσθησιν αὐτόν ἀγαγεῖν βουλόμενος καί τοῦτον πρός μετάνοιαν ἐκκαλούμενος,