But do you see how this insufflation hints at the Spirit being present and effecting the renewal for the better of the human soul, which we believe is accomplished from the Father through the Son in the Holy Spirit, but he gives a spirit and the Holy Spirit, but according to the gift and the power and the grace and the energy, which is to bind and to loose the sins of men, not the very hypostasis of the all-holy Spirit? For this cannot be received from anyone. But the charisms of the Spirit, the natural powers and energies, in no way separated from him, are received by those worthy to be energized by the Spirit, who because they are united to him and have been anointed by his energy (for Christ alone was anointed with the whole of the anointer, according to the one who said, Christ because of the divinity, not by a sanctifying energy like the other anointed ones, but by the presence of the whole anointer); therefore, by being united through the divine energy from there and having become instruments of the Spirit, and manifesting it through themselves, they are said to receive, and to them is given through the Son, and if you wish, also from the Son, the Holy Spirit. And this the Lord showed by breathing on and saying to the disciples, "Receive the Holy Spirit," as also the divine Damascene taught us; for having said, "that we do not say the Spirit is from the Son, but we name him Spirit of the Son and confess that he is manifested and imparted to us through the Son," he immediately added: "for he breathed on and said to the disciples, Receive the Holy Spirit." Is it not then very clear that the Damascene Father understood and proved from this insufflation that the Holy Spirit is not also from the Son, but is only manifested and imparted through him?

(2) But the Latins, being of unsound mind, understand and dogmatize in opposition to him; for they do not comprehend that these charisms and energies, according to which the Holy Spirit is bestowed through the Son, are given not only from the Son, but also from the most high Father himself. "For," he says, "every perfect gift is from above, from the Father of lights." And what is more perfect than the authority to forgive and retain sins? And not only from the Father and the Son, but also through him and from the Holy Spirit himself; "for I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh," God said through Joel; of which outpouring is certainly also the Spirit given by Christ to the disciples through insufflation; and "to one," he says, "is given through the Spirit the word of wisdom, and to another the word of knowledge," and all the charisms that are successively enumerated by Paul, the chosen vessel, who also was favored with the abundance of revelations through the Spirit; wherefore he also says, "But God has revealed it to us through his Spirit," not only things unknown to the fathers renowned for virtue and piety, but also knowledge surpassing that of the angels; "and we know these things," says John, the most theological of the apostles, "from the Spirit whom we have received from him." And simply, every bestowal of good things upon creation flows from him; and "there is no gift at all," says Basil the Great, "that comes to creation without the Holy Spirit"; who also, having enumerated all things, the gifts and the charisms and the energies of the Spirit, then says, "all these things the Holy Spirit has eternally, but that which flows from God is hypostatic, while the things that flow from him are his energies." Does the Holy Spirit then proceed also from himself, since from (4) him and through him is every bestowal of good things, in which is certainly also the authority to loose and to bind, which the Lord gave to the disciples through insufflation? Away with the absurdity; but giving is common to the three hypostases, as the apostle also testifies; "for there are," he says, "varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; and

Ἀλλ᾿ ὁρᾷς πῶς τό ἐμφύσημα τοῦτο αἰνίττεται μέν παρόν τό Πνεῦμα καί τελεσιουργοῦν τήν ἐπί τό κρεῖττον τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ψυχῆς ἀνακαίνισιν, ἥν ἐκ Πατρός διά τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἐν ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι τελεῖσθαι πιστεύομεν, δίδωσι δέ πνεῦμα καί Πνεῦμα ἅγιον, ἀλλά κατά τήν δωρεάν καί τήν δύναμιν καί τήν χάριν καί τήν ἐνέργειαν, ἥτις τό τάς ἁμαρτίας τῶν ἀνθρώπων δεσμεῖν καί λύειν ἐστίν, οὐκ αὐτήν τήν ὑπόστασιν τοῦ παναγίου Πνεύματος; Παρ᾿ οὐδενός γάρ αὕτη λαμβάνεσθαι δύναται. Τά δέ χαρίσματα τοῦ Πνεύματος, αἱ φυσικαί δυνάμεις καί ἐνέργειαι, μηδαμῶς αὐτοῦ χωριζόμεναι, λαμβάνονται μέν παρά τῶν ἀξίων ἐνεργεῖσθαι παρά τοῦ Πνεύματος, οἱ διά τό ἡνῶσθαι τούτῳ καί τῇ τούτου ἐνεργείᾳ χρισθῆναι (μόνος γάρ ὁ μόνος Χριστός ὅλῳ ἐχρίσθη τῷ χρίοντι, κατά τόν εἰπόντα, Χριστός διά τήν θεότητα, οὐκ ἐνεργείᾳ κατά τούς ἄλλους χριστούς ἁγιάζουσαν, παρουσίᾳ δέ ὅλου τοῦ χρίοντος)˙ τῷ γοῦν ἡνῶσθαι διά τῆς ἐκεῖθεν θείας ἐνεργείας καί χρηματίσαι τοῦ Πνεύματος ὄργανα, και δι᾿ ἑαυτῶν αὐτό φανεροῦν λαβεῖν λέγονται καί πρός αὐτούς δίδοσθαι διά τοῦ Υἱοῦ, εἰ δέ βούλει καί παρά τοῦ Υἱοῦ, τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον. Καί τοῦτ᾿ ἔδειξεν ὁ Κύριος ἐμφυσήσας καί εἰπών τοῖς μαθηταῖς, «λάβετε Πνεῦμα ἅγιον», ὡς καί ∆αμασκηνός ὁ θεῖος ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξεν˙ εἰπών γάρ, «ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τό Πνεῦμα οὐ λέγομεν, Πνεῦμα δέ Υἱοῦ ὀνομάζομεν καί δι᾿ Υἱοῦ πεφανερῶσθαι καί μεταδίδοσθαι ἡμῖν ὁμολογοῦμεν», εὐθύς ἑπήνεγκεν˙ «ἐνεφύσησε γάρ καί εἶπε τοῖς μαθηταῖς, λάβετε Πνεῦμα ἅγιον». Ἆρ᾿ οὐ κατάδηλον, ὡς ὁ δαμασκηνός Πατήρ ἀπό τοῦ ἐμφυσήματος τούτου μή εἶναι καί ἐκ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, ἀλλά φανεροῦσθαι μόνον καί μεταδίδοσθαι δι᾿ αὐτοῦ τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον ἐνόησε καί ἀπέδειξε;

(2) Λατῖνοι δέ φρενοβλαβῶς ἀντιθετικῶς ἐκείνῳ νοοῦσι καί δογματίζουσιν˙ οὐ γάρ συνορῶσιν ὡς τά χαρίσματα ταῦτα καί αἱ ἐνέργειαι, καθ᾿ ἅς διά τοῦ Υἱοῦ χορηγεῖται τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, οὐ παρά τοῦ Υἱοῦ μόνον, ἀλλά καί παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ δίδονται τοῦ ἀνωτάτω Πατρός. «Πᾶν γάρ», φησί, «δώρημα τέλειον ἄνωθέν ἐστι παρά τοῦ Πατρός τῶν φώτων». Τί δέ τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀφιέναι καί κρατεῖν τά ἁμαρτήματα τελεώτερον; Καί οὐ παρά τοῦ Πατρός καί τοῦ Υἱοῦ μόνον, ἀλλά καί δι᾿ αὐτοῦ καί παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος˙ «ἐκχεῶ γάρ ἀπό τοῦ Πνεύματός μου ἐπί πᾶσαν σάρκα», διά τοῦ Ἰωήλ εἶπεν ὁ Θεός˙ ἧς ἐκχύσεώς ἐστι πάντως καί τό τοῖς μαθηταῖς παρά Χριστοῦ δεδομένον Πνεῦμα δι᾿ ἐμφυσήματος˙ καί «τῷ μέν», φησί, «διά τοῦ Πνεύματος δίδοται λόγος σοφίας, τῷ δέ λόγος γνώσεως», καί πάνθ᾿ ὅσα ἐφεξῆς τῷ ἐκλεκτῷ σκεύει τῶν χαρισμάτων ἀπηρίθμηται Παύλῳ, τῷ καί τῶν ἀποκαλύψεων τήν ὑπερβολήν διά τοῦ Πνεύματος ηὐμοιρηκότι˙ διό καί λέγοντι, «ἡμῖν δέ ἀπεκάλυψεν ὁ Θεός διά τοῦ Πνεύματος αὐτοῦ», οὐ μόνον τά μή ἐγνωσμένα τοῖς περιβοήτοις κατ᾿ ἀρετήν καί εὐσέβειαν πατράσιν, ἀλλά καί αὐτήν τήν τῶν ἀγγέλων ὑπερβαίνοντα γνῶσιν˙ «καί ταῦτα γινώσκομεν», φησίν ὁ τῶν ἀποστόλων θεολογικώτατος Ἰωάννης», ἐκ τοῦ Πνεύματος οὗ ἐλάβομεν παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ». Καί ἁπλῶς πᾶσα ἐπί τήν κτίσιν ἡ τῶν ἀγαθῶν χορηγία ἐξ αὐτοῦ πηγάζει˙ καί «οὐκ ἔστιν ὅλως δωρεάν», φησίν ὁ μέγας Βασίλειος, «ἄνευ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος εἰς τήν κτίσιν ἀφικνουμένη»˙ὅς καί πάντα ἀπαριθμησάμενος, τάς τε δωρεάς καί τά χαρίσματα καί τάς ἐνεργείας τοῦ Πνεύματος, εἶτα φησί, «πάντα ταῦτα ἀϊδίως ἔχει τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, ἀλλά τό μέν ἐκ Θεοῦ πηγάζον ἐνυπόστατόν ἐστι, τά δέ ἐξ αὐτοῦ πηγάζοντα ἐνέργειαι αὐτοῦ εἰσιν». Ἆρ᾿ οὖν καί ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον ἐκπορεύεται, ἐπεί ἐξ (4) αὐτοῦ τε καί δι᾿ αὐτοῦ πᾶσα ἡ τῶν ἀγαθῶν χορηγία, ἐν ᾗ πάντως καί ἡ τοῦ λύειν καί δεσμεῖν ἐξουσία, ἥν ὁ Κύριος δι᾿ ἐμφυσήματος τοῖς μαθηταῖς παρέσχεν; Ἄπαγε τῆς ἀτοπίας˙ ἀλλά τό μέν διδόναι τῶν τριῶν ἐστιν ὑποστάσεων κοινόν, ὡς καί ὁ ἀπόστολος συμμαρτυρεῖ˙ «διαιρέσεις γάρ», φησί, «χαρισμάτων εἰσί, τό δέ αὐτό Πνεῦμα˙ καί