De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

in blood, I was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little horse either had nowhere on the ground to place its foot or else had two or three dead bodies lying between its forefeet and <of the hind ones> feet. But the difficulties of the exit from the gates among so many thousands of savage Latins and all that happened outside as far as the harbors, I and the Christians who saw it wept, but I will not describe them, so that I may not speak excessively in matters I wish to abbreviate. I will summarize only this, that four thousand gold pieces were strictly demanded of us who had not even a handful of sand or dust or the common spittle in our mouths, hearing that this was a small amount from a man who manages an archbishopric which brings him a hundred centenaria—O, what wealth!—in gifts each year, and that on the ship of Siphantos, resting as was possible in expectation of the thousands which the magnificent pirates had assessed for us, for this was our good fortune to be our first lodging, being full of captives like all the rest, who, though eager to lament for us, did not have the courage to do so, but they sanctified their grief by a gathering of the face to gloominess and by a shame that squeezed out tears, such as we also, the unfortunate cargo according to them, exchanged with them; for it was not even permitted to speak to one another. Having rested then in such a ship, on the next day we were brought with similar honor to Alexios Komnenos. There the place revealed to us an iconoclastic beast, a certain Gelielmos, who had fled from Nicaea from Andronikos, that savage one, who was of a kind to kill even before eating. Who like some tragic Erinys, holding torches like her, having searched for us in the darkness—for it was already night—and having found where on the ground we were lying down not for sleep, for it too had fled from us for many nights now, but because we were not able to either sit or stand, as ones worn out by many days of evils, anathema 110 he often barbarously shouted as some evil prelude against the one who had not killed us, while some good brother of his was also present, from whom we learned that the beast was raging against the holy icons. And when we asked what was the reason we should be killed, first, growing even more angry, he replied that, if he himself had met us at the beginning, we would not now have a head, then, also explaining his anger against us, he concluded his wisdom with our being unfaithful to God, as we were faithful to Andronikos. To which things we, having become somewhat suspicious and having spoken or rather babbled various things to a madman, for we loved to have our head, we barely tamed the untamable one, so that he even embraced us and, having kissed our hand, went away. And so we found a restful night, having been delivered from his torches and talkative lips, and so did the captives who were strewn together in the house of Komnenos. And having spent a few days there with our fellow captives, and having been pitied somewhat for food, yes, and by one of his men also with copper coins, the gift of which was at that time written down for us as the treasures of Croesus (and may God have mercy on that man), then we were brought to the *kontoi*, or to speak more commonly, the counts—for I hate what is purely barbarous. I will also summarize that, having struggled long there as well, with difficulty after a moderate number of other days we were restored to the house of the saint, and that, having found Latin tribes there, and having seen both the upper and the lower parts full of other kinds of men, we were by necessity in the little garden of the house, and having given ourselves over to a stone bench of the very small bath there, we lay, with uncut grass placed under us, and that having counted eight days, in which we did not even see pure bread, but with loaves baked in ashes from bran we cheated the greediness of the stomach, and not having the good fortune of even the smell of wine, after them we partook of falsely named wine, gently and truly drop by drop, and of leavened bread and some other things, and that not even the little garden could become a haven for us from the Latin

αἵμασι, διὰ σωρείας ἑτέρων ἱππότης περιηγόμην, ὧν οἱ πλείους κατεστρωμένοι πρὸ τοῦ τείχους ἔκειντο οὕτω πεπυκνωμένοι, ὡς τὸ ἱππίδιον ἢ μὴ ἔχειν ὅποι γῆς θήσει πόδα ἢ ἀλλὰ μεταξὺ τῶν τε προσθίων καὶ <τῶν ὀπισθίων> ποδῶν δύο ἢ τρεῖς ἔχειν ὑποκειμένους νεκρούς. Τὰς δὲ δυσκολίας τῆς τῶν πυλῶν ἐξόδου ἐν οὕτω μυρίοις Ἀγριολατίνοις καὶ ὅσα δὲ ἔξω ἕως καὶ εἰς τοὺς λιμένας ἐγὼ μὲν ἐδάκρυσα καὶ οἱ βλέποντες Χριστιανοί, οὐκ ἂν δὲ αὐτὰ ἐκθήσομαι, ἵνα μὴ ἐν οἷς ἐπιτέμνειν ἐθέλω περιττολογῶ. Ταῦτα καὶ μόνον κεφαλαιώσομαι, ὅτι τέσσαρας χρυσίνων χιλιάδας ἐγκρατῶς ἐζητήθημεν οἱ μηδὲ ψαμμίων ἢ χοὸς δράκα ἢ τὸ καθωμιλημένον σίελον ἐπὶ στόματος ἔχοντες, ἀκούσαντες καὶ ὀλίγα ταῦτα εἶναι ἐξ ἀνθρώπου, ὃς ἀρχιεπισκοπὴν περιέπει κεντηνάρια ἐς ἑκατόν, ὢ πλούτου, ἔτους ἑκάστου δωροφοροῦσαν αὐτῷ, καὶ ὅτι ἐν τῇ τοῦ Σιφάντου νηΐ, ὡς ἦν ἐγχωροῦν, ἀναπαυσάμενοι τῇ καραδοκίᾳ τῶν χιλιάδων, ἃς ἡμῖν ἐπέγραψαν οἱ μεγαλοπρεπεῖς πειραταί, αὐτὴ γὰρ ἡμῖν κατάλυμα πρῶτον εὐτυχήθη, αἰχμαλώτων γέμουσα κατὰ τὰς λοιπὰς ἁπάσας, οἳ καὶ γοᾶσθαι ἡμᾶς ὀργῶντες αὐτὸ μὲν ποιεῖν οὐκ εἶχον τόλμαν, ὡσίουν δὲ τὸ πένθος προσώπου συναγωγῇ πρὸς σκυθρωπότητα καὶ δυσωπίᾳ ἐκθλιβούσῃ δάκρυα, ὁποίοις καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὁ κατ' ἐκείνους δυστυχὴς φόρτος, αὐτοὺς ἠμειβόμεθα· οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ προσφωνῆσαι ἑξῆν. Ἐν τοίνυν τῇ τοιαύτῃ νηῒ τότε καταπαύσαντες, τῇ ἐπαύριον μετὰ τιμῆς ὁμοίας ἀνήχθημεν εἰς τὸν Κομνηνὸν Ἀλέξιον. Ἔνθα θῆρα εἰκονομάχον, Γελίελμόν τινα, ὃς ἐκ τῆς Νικαέων διέδρα τὸν Ἀνδρόνικον, ὁ τόπος ἡμῖν ἐξέφηνεν, ἄγριον ἐκεῖνον καὶ οἷον θανατοῦν καὶ προτοῦ ἐμφαγεῖν. Ὃς οἶά τις Ἐριννὺς τραγῳδική, ἔχων κατ' ἐκείνην καὶ δᾷδας, ἐρεβοδιφήσας ἡμᾶς, ἦν γὰρ ἤδη νύξ, καὶ εὑρὼν ἔνθα γῆς ἐκοιταζόμεθα οὐ πρὸς ὕπνον, ἐπτερύξατο γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ νύκτας ἤδη πολλάς, ἀλλ' ὅτι μὴ εἴχομεν ἢ καθῆσθαι ἢ ἵστασθαι, οἷα πολυημέροις καταπεπονημένοι κακοῖς, ἀνάθεμα 110 πρὸς βοὴν συχνὰ ἐβαρβάριζε κατά τι κακὸν φροίμιον τῷ μὴ φονεύσαντι ἡμᾶς, παρόντος καὶ ἀγαθοῦ τινος ἀδελφοῦ αὐτῷ, ἐξ οὗ κατὰ τῶν σεπτῶν εἰκόνων τὸν θῆρα ἐμάθομεν μαίνεσθαι. Ὡς δὲ ἡμεῖς ἠρόμεθα τί τὸ αἴτιον τοῦ φονευτέους ἡμᾶς εἶναι, πρῶτα μὲν θυμωθεὶς αὐτὸς εἰς πλέον ἐπέκρινεν ὡς, εἴπερ αὐτὸς τὴν ἀρχὴν ἡμῖν περιέτυχεν, οὐκ ἂν ἄρτι κεφαλὴν εἴχομεν, εἶτα καὶ αἰτιολογήσας τὸν καθ' ἡμῶν θυμόν, ἐπέραινε τὴν αὑτοῦ σοφίαν εἰς τὸ ἀπίστους ἡμᾶς εἶναι Θεῷ, οἷα τῷ Ἀνδρονίκῳ πιστούς. Πρὸς ἅπερ ἡμεῖς ὑπουλευσάμενοι καὶ ποικίλα λαλήσαντες ἢ λαλαγήσαντες πρὸς ἄνδρα μαινόμενον, ἠγαπῶμεν γὰρ ἔχειν κεφαλήν, μόλις ἐξημερώσαμεν τὸν ἀτίθασσον, ὡς καὶ ἀσπάσασθαι ἡμᾶς καὶ εἰς χεῖρα φιλήσαντα οἴχεσθαι. Καὶ οὕτως ἡμεῖς τε νύκτα καταθετικὴν εὕρομεν, τῶν ἐκείνου δᾴδων καὶ λάλων ἀπαλλαγέντες χειλέων, καὶ οἱ συγκατεστρωμένοι αἰχμάλωτοι ἐς Κομνηνοῦ. Καὶ διαγαγόντες ἐκεῖ μετὰ τῶν συναιχμαλώτων ἡμέρας ὀλίγας, καί τι καὶ ἐλεηθέντες εἰς τροφήν, ναὶ δὲ ὑπό τινος τῶν ἐκείνου καὶ εἰς χάλκεα κέρματα, ὧν ἡ δόσις ἡμῖν τηνικαῦτα εἰς θησαυροὺς ἐνεγράφη Κροίσου (καὶ ἐλεήσαι ὁ Θεὸς ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἄνθρωπον), εἶτα καὶ εἰς τοὺς κόντους, εἰπεῖν δὲ συνηθέστερον κόμητας, μισῶ γὰρ τὸ ἀκράτως βάρβαρον, ἐκομίσθημεν. Ἔτι κεφαλαιώσομαι καὶ ὅτι, ἀεθλεύσαντες μακρὰ καὶ ἐκεῖ, μόλις μετὰ καὶ ἑτέρας ἡμέρας μετρίας τῷ τοῦ ἁγίου οἴκῳ ἀποκατέστημεν, καὶ ὅτι εὑρόντες ἐκεῖ φῦλα λατινικά, καὶ ἑτεροίων δὲ ἀνθρώπων γέμοντα ἰδόντες τά τε ἄνω τά τε κάτω, ἐξ ἀνάγκης ἐγενόμεθα τοῦ κατὰ τὸν οἶκον κηπιδίου, καὶ ἐπιδόντες ἑαυτοὺς πεσσουλίῳ τοῦ ἐκεῖσε βραχυτάτου λοετροῦ ἐκείμεθα, χόρτον ἄμικτον ὑποβεβλημένοι, καὶ ὅτι ὀκτὼ μετρήσαντες ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς ἄρτον ἀκραιφνῆ οὐδὲ εἴδομεν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς ἐκ πιτύρων ἐγκρυφίαις ἐχρεωκοποῦμεν τὸ τῆς γαστρὸς λίχνον, καὶ οἴνου δὲ μηδὲ μύρισμα εὐτυχήσαντες, μετ' αὐτὰς καὶ οἴνου ψευδωνύμου ἠρέμα καὶ ὡς ἀληθῶς κατὰ στράγγα μετέσχομεν καὶ ἄρτου δὲ ζυμίτου καὶ ἄλλων δέ τινων, καὶ ὅτι οὐδὲ τὸ κηπίον εἶχε λιμὴν ἡμῖν γενέσθαι τοῦ λατινικοῦ