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to spend on them. So insatiable is this desire. For what could be more ridiculous than these things? Do you see the helplessness of the situation? He wants to have many who serve him, and he is pained that they partake of food, since they are diminishing his substance. What then, tell me? Do you want men to be made of stone? All these things are mockery, waves, and dizziness, and a storm, and a tempest, and great is the tumult in the soul; it is always hungry, always thirsty. Tell me now, shall we not pity him nor weep for him? But in bodies, such a thing is the most grievous punishment, called bulimia by physicians, when someone, though gorged with much food, is not freed from starving; and shall we not weep for this same passion in the soul? For the love of money is the bulimia of the soul, which is filled with many things, but never stops, but is always strained by desire. For if one had to drink hellebore, or to endure something ten thousand times heavier than this, in order to be freed from this passion, should one not have accepted it readily? There is no amount of money that can fill the insatiable belly. Shall we not then be ashamed, if some are so mad about money, while we do not display even the smallest part of love for God, but God becomes to us of less honor than silver? For indeed for the sake of silver, men endure sleeplessness and journeys abroad and successive dangers and hatred and plots and everything; but we for God's sake do not endure to utter even a bare word, nor to take up enmity, but if it is necessary to defend one of those who are oppressed, shrinking from the enmities of the powerful and the dangers, we betray the wronged one; and having received power from God so as to help, we destroy it because we do not wish to be hated nor to be detested; and immediately many put this forward, saying, "Love without a cause, do not hate without a cause." But is this to be hated without a cause? And what is better than this hatred? For hatred for His sake is much better than friendship for God's sake. For when we are loved for God's sake, we are debtors for the honor; but when we are hated, He is a debtor to us for the reward. However much the lovers of money may love gold, they know no measure of love; but we, even if we do some small thing, think we have accomplished the whole. As they love gold, we do not love God, not even the smallest part. Great is their accusation, that they have such madness for gold; great is our condemnation that we are not so mad about God, but as much honor as they assign to the earth (for metallic gold is earth), so much honor we do not assign to the Master of all. 3. Let us see their madness, and be ashamed. For what if we are not consumed by a passion for gold, but we do not even pray earnestly to God? For in this case men despise wife and children and substance and their very salvation, and this without knowing that they are increasing their own substance; for often in the midst of their hopes, they have even given up their soul and 62.640 departed, having toiled in vain; but we, knowing that we shall obtain what we long for, if we love Him as we ought to love, do not even so love, but have chilled everything, love for our neighbor, love for God; from this, love for God, since also love for our neighbor. For it is not possible, it is not possible for a man who does not know how to love to have anything noble or a courageous spirit. For the foundation of all good things is nothing other than friendship; On this, He says, hang the law and the prophets. For just as fire, entering into wood, is accustomed to cleanse all things; so also the warmth of love, wherever it falls, removes and cuts away all things that harm the divine seed, and the earth clean for

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αὐτοὺς δαπανᾷν. Οὕτως ἀκόρεστος ἡ ἐπιθυμία αὕτη. Τί γὰρ ἂν εἴη τούτων καταγελαστότερον; Εἶδες ἀμηχανίαν πραγμάτων; βούλεται ἔχειν πολλοὺς τοὺς διακονουμένους αὐτῷ, καὶ ἀλγεῖ ὅτι τροφῆς οὗτοι μετέχουσιν, ἅτε ἐλαττοῦντες αὐτοῦ τὴν οὐσίαν. Τί οὖν, εἰπέ μοι; βούλει λιθίνους εἶναι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους; Χλευασία ταῦτα πάντα, κύματα, καὶ ζάλη, καὶ χειμὼν, καὶ τρικυμία, καὶ πολὺς ὁ θόρυβος τῇ ψυχῇ· ἀεὶ πεινᾷ, ἀεὶ διψᾷ. Εἰπὲ δή μοι, τοῦτον οὐκ ἐλεήσομεν οὐδὲ δακρύσομεν; Ἀλλ' ἐν μὲν τοῖς σώμασι τὸ τοιοῦτον κόλασίς ἐστιν ἡ χαλεπωτάτη, βουλιμία λεγομένη παρὰ τῶν ἰατρῶν, ὅταν τις πολλῶν ἐμφορούμενος, τοῦ λιμώττειν μὴ ἀπαλλάττηται· ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς ψυχῆς οὐ δακρύσομεν τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πάθος; Βουλιμία γὰρ ψυχῆς ἡ φιλαργυρία, ἣ πολλῶν μὲν ἐμπίπλαται, οὐδέποτε δὲ ἵσταται, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἀεὶ κατατείνεται. Εἰ γὰρ ἑλλέβορον ἔδει πιεῖν, ἢ μυριάκις ὑποστῆναί τι τούτου βαρύτερον, ὥστε ἀπαλλαγῆναι τοῦ πάθους τούτου, οὐκ ἔδει προθύμως καταδέξασθαι; Οὐκ ἔστι χρημάτων πλῆθος, ὃ τὴν ἀκόρεστον νηδὺν ἐμπλῆσαι δύναται. Οὐκ αἰδεσθησόμεθα τοίνυν ἡμεῖς, εἰ περὶ μὲν χρημάτων οὕτω τινὲς μεμήνασι, περὶ δὲ τὸν Θεὸν ἡμεῖς οὐδὲ τὸ πολλοστὸν μέρος τῆς ἀγάπης ἐπιδεικνύμεθα, ἀλλὰ ἀργυρίου γίνεται ἀτιμότερος ἡμῖν ὁ Θεός; Καὶ γὰρ ὑπὲρ μὲν ἀργυρίου καὶ ἀγρυπνίας καὶ ἀποδημίας καὶ κινδύνους ἐπαλλήλους καὶ μῖσος καὶ ἐπιβουλὰς καὶ πάντα ὑπομένουσιν ἄνθρωποι· ἡμεῖς δὲ ὑπὲρ τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐδὲ ψιλὸν ῥῆμα προέσθαι ἀνεχόμεθα, οὐδὲ ἀπέχθειαν ἀναδέξασθαι, ἀλλὰ ἂν δέῃ τινὶ τῶν καταπονουμένων ἀμῦναι, τὰς τῶν δυναστευόντων ἔχθρας ὑποστελλόμενοι καὶ τοὺς κινδύνους, προδιδόαμεν τὸν ἠδικημένον· καὶ δύναμιν λαβόντες παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὥστε βοηθεῖν, ἀπόλλυμεν αὐτὴν διὰ τὸ μὴ βούλεσθαι μισεῖσθαι μηδὲ ἀπεχθάνεσθαι· καὶ εὐθέως τοῦτο προβάλλονται οἱ πολλοὶ, Εἰκῆ φιλοῦ, λέγοντες, εἰκῆ μὴ μισοῦ. Τοῦτο δὲ εἰκῆ μισεῖσθαί ἐστι; τί δὲ τοῦ μίσους τούτου κρεῖττον; Τῆς γὰρ φιλίας τῆς διὰ τὸν Θεὸν τὸ μῖσος τὸ δι' αὐτὸν πολλῷ βέλτιον. Ὅταν γὰρ φιλώμεθα διὰ τὸν Θεὸν, ἡμεῖς ὀφειλέται ἐσμὲν τῆς τιμῆς· ὅταν δὲ μισώμεθα, αὐτὸς ἡμῖν ὀφειλέτης ἐστὶ τοῦ μισθοῦ. Ὅσον ἂν ἀγαπήσωσι τὸν χρυσὸν οἱ φιλοχρήματοι, οὐκ ἴσασι μέτρον ἀγάπης· ἡμεῖς δὲ κἂν μικρόν τι ἐργασώμεθα, τὸ πᾶν ἠνυκέναι νομίζομεν. Ὡς ἐκεῖνοι τὸν χρυσὸν φιλοῦσιν, ἡμεῖς τὸν Θεὸν οὐ φιλοῦμεν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τὸ πολλοστὸν μέρος. Πολλὴ ἐκείνων κατηγορία, ὅτι τοσαύτην περὶ τὸν χρυσὸν τὴν μανίαν ἔχουσι· πολλὴ ἡμῶν κατάγνωσις ὅτι οὐ μαινόμεθα οὕτω περὶ τὸν Θεὸν, ἀλλ' ὅσον τῇ γῇ (γῆ γὰρ ὁ χρυσὸς ὁ μεταλλικὸς), ὅσην τῇ γῇ τιμὴν ἀπονέμουσιν ἐκεῖνοι, τοσαύτην οὐκ ἀπονέμομεν ἡμεῖς τῷ πάντων ∆εσπότῃ. γʹ. Ἴδωμεν αὐτῶν τὴν μανίαν, καὶ αἰδεσθῶμεν. Τί γὰρ, εἰ καὶ ἡμεῖς μὴ περικαιόμεθα τοῦ χρυσοῦ, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ δεόμεθα σπουδαίως; Ἐνταῦθα μὲν γὰρ ἄνθρωποι γυναικὸς καταφρονοῦσι καὶ παίδων καὶ οὐσίας καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς σωτηρίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ταῦτα οὐκ εἰδότες, ὅτι τὴν οὐσίαν αὔξουσι τὴν ἑαυτῶν· πολλάκις γὰρ ἐν μέσαις ταῖς ἐλπίσι καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἀφέντες 62.640 ἀπῆλθον εἰκῆ πονήσαντες· ἡμεῖς δὲ εἰδότες ὅτι ἐπιτευξόμεθα τοῦ ποθουμένου, ἂν αὐτὸν ἀγαπήσωμεν ὡς ἀγαπᾷν χρὴ, οὐδὲ οὕτω φιλοῦμεν, ἀλλὰ πάντα κατεψύξαμεν, τὴν πρὸς τὸν πλησίον ἀγάπην, τὴν πρὸς τὸν Θεόν· ἀπὸ τούτου τὴν πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τὴν πρὸς τὸν πλησίον. Οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν, οὐκ ἔστιν ἄνδρα οὐκ εἰδότα φιλεῖν, ἔχειν τι γενναῖον καὶ φρόνημα ἀνδρεῖον. Ἡ γὰρ ὑποβάθρα πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν οὐδὲν ἕτερόν ἐστιν ἀλλ' ἢ φιλία· Ἐν τούτῳ, φησὶν, ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται κρέμανται. Καθάπερ γὰρ εἰς ὕλην πῦρ εἰσελθὸν πάντα διακαθαίρειν εἴωθεν· οὕτω καὶ ἡ τῆς ἀγάπης θερμότης ὅπουπερ ἂν ἐμπέσοι, πάντα ἀναιρεῖ καὶ διακόπτει τὰ τῷ θείῳ λυμαινόμενα σπόρῳ, καὶ τὴν γῆν καθαρὰν πρὸς