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of an existing treasure the locks being opened one by one? But rather, that I may speak more theologically, do you see illuminations shining upon you one by one?

But concerning that which is now the topic of our discourse, let us see the promise. But where is the "not many days from now"? Having gone forward a little in His words He then also foretold this, lovingly comforting his own from the greatest things: "For it is to your advantage," he says, "that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Paraclete will not come to you." How then does anyone dare to say that through the breathing He came to the disciples of the Lord before He was taken up? But let it be so, he says. For the other Paraclete was not given before the ascension of the Savior. Can you also say this, that He Himself did not clearly promise to the disciples, saying, "whom I will send to you," and "if I go, I will send him to you"?

Well done, one might say to the one who said this after that; for it has also subverted the power of the seeming assistance to you from the Scriptures. For even if this is a word of the Word of truth, yet 'to breathe upon' and 'to send' do not equally show what is 'from oneself'. For the one who breathes upon, by all necessity breathes from himself with the spirit from himself; which is the same as to say, with the breath proceeding from himself. But surely not everyone who sends sends that which is his own and proceeds from him, but also that which has come to him from another. For this reason the Lord also ((210) taking care that no one should be misled to believe that the Holy Spirit also proceeds from Him, gave the breathing upon, which seemed rather to represent this, then, when He had forbidden and postponed the coming of the Spirit. But having said in advance "I will send," He added "from the Father." "For even if 'I will send'," He says, "it is not from Myself, but having received from the Father, from whom He proceeds. For He alone sends from Himself, as having this proceeding from Himself, and always having this proceeding, not about to proceed only then when I myself "will send," nor being sent from me without interval, as it proceeds from Him. For in saying "I will send," I did not add "having proceeded from Him," so that the concept of "at some time" might not be additionally thought of in relation to the Father. And being about to add "who proceeds from the Father," I first said, not "whom I send," but "whom I will send," so that the concept of "always" might not also be thought of in relation to me. For to have the power to send the Holy Spirit to the worthy is common from eternity to the Father and the Son; but each sends in time, or rather both, whenever it is necessary.

These things therefore can admit both a set time and a future time; but to have the power to proceed in no way precedes the proceeding, nor will it ever be a matter of promise, nor could it admit of a future, away with the blasphemy, which happens to those who suppose the sending forth of the Spirit from the Son to be eternal. For He was sent to some and given to the disciples from the Son, who received it from the Father in time, the mission itself being later than the recipients, and for a cause, or rather for many causes: "that he may abide," he says, "with you forever," "that he may teach you and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you," "that he may bear witness about me" and bear witness with you concerning my affairs, who bear witness from the beginning to the end, (p. 212) "that he may convict the world" as liable to sin, which called my righteousness sin; a righteousness which justly condemned and cast out the ruler of sin himself and the very dominion of sinners, because he unjustly brought the truly righteous one under the same accountability as sinners, that he may glorify me, having guided you into all the truth. For "Spirit of truth"

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ὄντος θησαυροῦ τά κατά μέρος κλεῖθρα διανοιγόμενα; Μᾶλλον δ᾿ ἵν᾿ εἴπω θεολογικώτερον, ὁρᾷς φωτισμούς ὑμῖν κατά μέρος ἐλλάμποντας;

Ἀλλ᾿ ὑπέρ οὗ νῦν ὁ λόγος, ἴδωμεν τήν ἐπαγγελίαν˙ τό δ᾿ «οὐ μετά πολλάς ταύτας ἡμέρας» ποῦ; Αὐτοῦ τῶν λόγων μικρόν προελθών καί τοῦτο τότε προείρηκεν ἐκ τῶν μεγίστων τούς οἰκείους φιλανθρώπως παραμυθούμενος˙ «συμφέρει γάρ», φησίν, ὑμῖν, «ἵνα ἐγώ ἀπέλθω˙ ἐάν γάρ ἐγώ μή ἀπέλθω, ὁ παράκλητος οὐκ ἐλεύσεται πρός ὑμᾶς». Πῶς οὖν τις τολμᾷ λέγειν, ὅτι διά τοῦ ἐμφυσήματος ἦλθε πρός τούς μαθητάς τοῦ Κυρίου πρίν ἀναληφθῆναι αὐτόν; Ἀλλ᾿ ἔστω, φησίν˙ οὐ γάρ ἐδόθη πρό τῆς ἀναλήψεως τοῦ Σωτῆρος ὁ ἄλλος παράκλητος. Ἔχεις καί τοῦτο λέγειν, ὡς οὐκ αὐτός σαφῶς τοῖς μαθηταῖς ἐπηγγείλατο λέγων, «ὅν ἐγώ πέμψω ὑμῖν», καί «ἐάν ἐγώ πορευθῶ, πέμψω αὐτόν πρός ὑμᾶς»;

Εὖγέ σοι τοῦτο μετ᾿ ἐκεῖνο προήχθη, πρός τόν εἰπόντα φαίη τις ἄν˙ ὑποβέβηκε γάρ καί τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ δοκοῦντος ὑμῖν παρά τῶν Γραφῶν βοηθήματος. Εἰ γάρ καί τοῦτο λόγος τοῦ Λόγου τῆς ἀληθείας, ἀλλ᾿ οὐχ ὁμοίως τό ἐμφυσᾶν καί τό πέμπειν τό παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ δείκνυσιν˙ ὁ μέν γάρ ἐμφυσῶν κατά πᾶσαν ἀνάγκην ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ ἐμφυσᾷ τῷ παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ πνεύματι˙ ταὐτόν δ᾿ εἰπεῖν τῷ παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ ἐκπορευομένῳ ἐμφυσήματι. Οὐ μήν δέ καί πᾶς ὁ πέμπων τό παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ ὄν τε καί ἐκπορευόμενον πέμπει, ἀλλά καί τό παρ᾿ ἑτέρου πρός αὐτόν ἧκον. ∆ιό καί σπουδήν ὁ Κύριος ((210) θέμενος τοῦ μηδένα παραχθέντα δοξάζειν, ὅτι τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον καί ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐκπορεύεται, τό μέν ἐμφύσημα, ὅ τοῦτ᾿ ἐδόκει μᾶλλον παριστᾶν, τότ᾿ ἔδωκεν, ὅτε ἀπείρηκε καί ὑπερέθετο τήν ἐπιδημίαν τοῦ Πνεύματος˙ τό δέ «πέμψω» προειπών, προσέηκε τό «παρά τοῦ Πατρός». Εἰ γάρ καί «πέμψω», φησίν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐ παρ᾿ ἐμαυτοῦ, ἀλλά παρά τοῦ Πατρός λαβών, ἀφ᾿ οὗ ἐκπορεύεται˙ ἐκεῖνος γάρ μόνος πέμπει παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ, ὡς παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ τοῦτ᾿ ἔχων ἐκπορευόμενον, καί ἀεί τοῦτ᾿ ἔχων ἐκπορευόμενον, οὐ τότε μόνον ἐκπορευθησόμενον ὅτε καί αὐτός ἐγώ «πέμψω», οὐδέ παρ᾿ ἐμοῦ ἀδιαστάτως πεμπόμενον, ὥσπερ παρ᾿ ἐκείνου ἐκπορευόμενον˙ οὐ γάρ εἰπών «πέμψω» τό "παρ᾿ ἐκείνου ἐκπορευθέν" προσεπήγαγον, ἵνα μή ἐπί τοῦ Πατρός προσεπινοηθῇ τό "ποτέ". Καί ἐπιφέρειν μέλλων «ὅ παρά τοῦ Πατρός ἐκπορεύεται», φθάσας εἶπον, οὐχ "ὅ ἐγώ πέμπω", ἀλλ᾿ «ὅ ἐγώ πέμψω», ἵνα μή συνεπινοηθῇ καί ἐπ᾿ ἐμοῦ τό ἀεί. Τό μέν γάρ πέμπειν ἔχειν τό Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον πρός τούς ἀξίους κοινόν ἐστιν ἐξ ἀϊδίου τῷ Πατρί καί τῷ Υἱῷ˙ πέμπει δέ χρονικῶς ἑκάτερος, ἀμφότεροι δέ μᾶλλον, ὁπότε δέοι.

Ταῦτ᾿ ἄρα καί τήν προθεσμίαν καί τόν μέλλοντα χρόνον ἐπιδέχεσθαι δύναται˙ τοῦ δέ ἐκπορεύειν τό ἐκπορεύειν ἔχειν οὐδαμῶς προηγεῖται, οὐδ᾿ ἐν ἐπαγγελίας μοίρᾳ κείσεταί ποτε, οὐδέ τό μελλειν ἐπιδέξαιτ᾿ ἄν, ἄπαγε τῆς βλασφημίας, ἤ συμβαίνει τοῖς οἰομένοις ἀΐδιον εἶναι τήν παρά τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἔκπεμψιν τοῦ Πνεύματος. Ἐπέμφη γάρ τισι καί ἐδόθη πρός τούς μαθητάς ἐκ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, λαβόντος παρά τοῦ Πατρός χρονικῶς καί αὐτῶν τῶν λαμβανόντων ὑστερογενεστέρας οὔσης τῆς ἀποστολῆς, καί δι᾿ αἰτίαν, μᾶλλον δέ διά πολλάς αἰτίας˙ «ἵνα μένῃ», φησί, «μεθ᾿ ὑμῶν εἰς τόν αἰῶνα», «ἵνα ὑμᾶς διδάξῃ καί ὑπομνήσῃ πάντα ἅ εἶπον ὑμῖν», «ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ περί ἐμοῦ» καί ὑμῖν συμμαρτυρήσῃ τά κατ᾿ ἐμέ, ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς μέχρι τέλους μαρτυροῦσιν, (σελ. 212) «ἵνα ἐλέγξῃ τόν κόσμον» ὑπεύθυνον τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ, τόν ἁμαρτίν ὀνομάσαντα τήν ἐμήν δικαιοσύνην˙ δικαιοσύνην ἥ καί αὐτόν τόν ἄρχοντα τῆς ἁμαρτίας καί αὐτῆς τῆς τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐξέβαλεν ἀρχῆς κατακρίνασα δικαίως, ὅτι τόν ὄντως δίκαιον ἀδίκως ὑπό τήν αὐτήν τοῖς ἁμαρτωλοῖς ἤγαγεν εὐθύνην, ἵν᾿ ἐμέ δοξάσῃ, ὁδηγῆσαν ὑμᾶς πρός πᾶσαν τήν ἀλήθειαν. Καί γάρ «Πνεῦμα ἀληθείας»