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the Creator, thus thinking nothing to be beyond sense-perception, but we shall both see and worship the one living from the dead who came to us while the doors were shut, when the activity of sense-perception in us has been completely extinguished, and we shall know the Logos himself and God, who is all in all, and who for his goodness has made all intelligible things his body, and all sensible things his garment. Concerning which it does not seem unlikely that it was said, 1123 All shall grow old like a garment, on account of the mind’s prevailing corruption of things seen, and like a mantle you will roll them up, and they will be changed, on account of the expected grace of incorruptibility.

23 (23). A BRIEF EXPLANATION CONCERNING THE FIVE MODES OF NATURAL CONTEMPLATION

A brief explanation concerning the five modes of natural contemplation. In addition to these, we shall also know the principles—that is, the ultimate ones accessible to us—of which creation has been set forth as a teacher, and the five modes of contemplation connected with them, (14∆_160> by which the saints, dividing creation, piously gathered the mystical principles within it, having distinguished it into substance, and motion, and difference, and both mixture and position. Of these, they said that three primarily exist and have been set forth as guides to the knowledge of God, that according to substance, that according to motion, and that according to difference, through which God becomes known to men as they gather from beings the manifestations concerning Him as Creator and Provider and Judge; and two as pedagogical for virtue and for appropriation to God, that according to mixture and that according to position, through which man, being formed, may become God, having undergone being God from beings, seeing, as it were, with the mind the entire manifestation of God according to goodness, and forming this most purely for himself according to reason. For what the pure mind is by nature able to see through pious knowledge, they say, this it is also able to undergo, becoming that very thing by habit through virtue.

For instance, that substance is a teacher of theology, through which, by seeking the cause of beings through the beings themselves, we are taught that He exists, not attempting to know what this is in its essence, because there is no projection of a manifestation of this in created beings, through which we might in some small way, as through an effect, ascend to the cause; and that motion is indicative of the providence over beings, through which, by contemplating the unchangeable identity in substance of each created thing according to its form and its likewise unalterable course, we conceive of the One who holds together and preserves all things—though clearly distinguished from one another—in an ineffable union according to the principles by which each subsisted; and that difference is indicative of judgment, according to which we are taught that God is a wise distributor of the principles of each thing from the natural power of the substance in each of the beings that is commensurate with its subject; and by providence I mean that of the mind, not the one that converts and, as it were, economically guides (14∆_162> those under its care back from where they should not be to where they should be, but the one that holds the universe together, and preserves it according to the principles by which the universe primarily subsisted; and by judgment, not the pedagogical and, as it were, chastising judgment of sinners, but the saving and defining distribution of beings, according to which each of the created things, connected to the principles according to which it came to be, has an inviolable 1136 and unalterable lawfulness in its natural identity, just as from the beginning the Creator judged and established concerning the being, and what, and how, and of what kind each thing is; since, in fact, the providence and judgment otherwise so called are attached to our volitional impulses, in many ways restraining from evil things, and wisely converting towards good things, and by directing things not in our power in opposition to those that are in our power, they cut off present and future and past wickedness.

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δημιουργόν οὕτω μηδέν ὑπέρ τήν αἴσθησιν εἶναι νομίζουσαν, ἀλλά καί ὀψόμεθα καί προσκυνήσομεν ζῶντα ἐκ νεκρῶν πρός ἡμᾶς τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων, γενόμενον, τῆς κατ᾿ αἴσθησιν παντελῶς ἐν ἡμῖν ἐνεργείας ἀποσβεσθείσης, τόν τε Λόγον αὐτόν καί Θεόν πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν ὄντα, καί πάντα ἑαυτοῦ δι᾿ ἀγαθότητα τά μέν νοητά σῶμα, τά δέ αἰσθητά ἱμάτιον πεποιηκότα γνωσόμεθα. Περί ὧν εἰρῆσθαι δοκεῖν οὐκ ἀπεικός τό, 1123 Πάντες ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιωθήσονται, διά τήν ἐπικρατοῦσαν νοῦ τῶν ὁρωμένων φθοράν, καί ὡσεί περιβόλαιον ἑλίξεις αὐτούς, καί ἀλλαγήσονται, διά τήν προσδοκωμένην τῆς ἀφθαρσίας χάριν.

ΚΓ (23). ΠΕΡΙ ΤΩΝ ΠΕΝΤΕ ΤΡΟΠΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΦΥΣΙΚΗΣ ΘΕΩΡΙΑΣ ΣΥΝΤΟΜΟΣ ΕΞΗΓΗΣΙΣ

Περί τῶν πέντε τρόπων τῆς φυσικῆς θεωρίας σύντομος ἐξήγησις. Πρός τούτοις δέ καί τούς λόγους εἰσόμεθα, τούς τελευταίους δηλαδή καί ἡμῖν

ἐφικτούς, ὧν προβέβληται ἡ κτίσις διδάσκαλος, καί τούς αὐτοῖς συνημμένους πέντε τῆς θεωρίας τρόπους, (14∆_160> οἷς διαιροῦντες τήν κτίσιν οἱ ἅγιοι τούς ἐπ' αὐτῇ μυστικούς μετ᾿ εὐσεβείας συνελέξαντο λόγους, εἰς οὐσίαν, καί κίνησιν, καί διαφοράν, κράσιν τε καί θέσιν, αὐτήν ἐπιμερίσαντες. Ὧν τρεῖς μέν ἔφασαν εἶναί τε πρός ἐπίγνωσιν τοῦ Θεοῦ προηγουμένως καί προβεβλῆσθαι χειραγωγικούς, τόν κατ᾿ οὐσίαν, τόν κατά κίνησιν, τόν κατά διαφοράν, δι᾿ ὧν ὁ Θεός γνωστός τοῖς ἀνθρώποις γίνεται ἐν τῶν ὄντων τάς περί αὐτοῦ ἐμφάσεις συλλεγομένοις ὡς δημιουργοῦ καί προνοητοῦ καί κριτοῦ· δύο δέ παιδαγωγικούς πρός ἀρετήν καί τήν πρός Θεόν οἰκείωσιν, τόν κατά κράσιν καί τόν κατά θέσιν, δι᾿ ὧν τυπούμενος, ὁ ἄνθρωπος Θεός γίνηται, τό Θεός εἶναι παθών ἐκ τῶν ὄντων, ὅλην τοῦ Θεοῦ τήν κατ᾿ ἀγαθότητα ἔμφασιν κατά νοῦν ὥσπερ ὁρῶν, καί ἑαυτῷ κατά λόγον ταύτην εἰλικρινεστάτην μορφούμενος. Ὅ γάρ δι᾿ εὐσεβοῦς γνώσεως, φασίν, ὁ καθαρός ὁρᾷν πέφυκε νοῦς, τοῦτο καί παθεῖν δύναται, αὐτό ἐκεῖνο κατά τήν ἕξιν δι᾿ ἀρετῆς γινόμενος.

Οἷον, τήν μέν οὐσίαν θεολογίας εἶναι διδάσκαλον, δι᾿ ἧς τῶν ὄντων τό αἴτιον ἐπιζητοῦντες δι᾿ αὐτῶν ὅτι ἔστι διδασκόμεθα, τό τίποτε εἶναι τοῦτο κατ᾿ οὐσίαν γνῶναι μή ἐπιχειροῦντες, ὅτι μηδέ ἔστιν ἐμφάσεως ἐν τοῖς οὖσι τούτου προβολή, δι᾿ ἧς κἄν ποσῶς ὡς δι᾿ αἰτιατοῦ πρός τό αἴτιον ἀνανεύσωμεν· τήν δέ κίνησιν τῆς τῶν ὄντων προνοίας εἶναι ἐμφαντικήν, δι᾿ ἧς τῶν γεγονότων τήν κατ᾿ οὐσίαν ἑκάστου κατ᾿ εἶδος ἀπαράλλακτον ταυτότητα καί ὡσαύτως ἀπαραγχείρητον διεξαγωγήν θεωροῦντες, τόν συνέχοντα καί φυλάττοντα καθ᾿ ἕνωσιν ἄῤῥητον ἀλλήλων εὐκρινῶς ἀφωρισμένα τά πάντα καθ᾿ οὕς ὑπέστησαν ἕκαστα λόγους ἐννοοῦμεν· τήν διαφοράν δέ τῆς κρίσεως εἶναι μηνυτικήν, καθ᾿ ἥν διανομέα σοφόν ἐκ τῆς ἐν ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὄντων συμμέτρου τῷ ὑποκειμένῳ τῆς οὐσίας φυσικῆς δυνάμεως τῶν καθ᾿ ἕκαστα λόγων εἶναι τόν Θεόν παιδευόμεθα· πρόνοιαν δέ φημι νοῦ, οὐ τήν ἐπιστρεπτικήν, καί οἷον οἰκονομικήν τῆς (14∆_162> τῶν προνοουμένων ἀφ᾿ ὧν οὐ δεῖ ἐφ᾿ ἅ δεῖ ἐπαναγωγῆς, ἀλλά τήν συνεκτικήν τοῦ παντός, καί καθ᾿ οὕς τό πᾶν προηγουμένως ὑπέστη λόγους συντηρητικήν· καί κρίσιν, οὐ τήν παιδευτικήν καί οἷον κολαστικήν τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων, ἀλλά τήν σωστικήν καί ἀφοριστικήν τῶν ὄντων διανομήν, καθ᾿ ἥν τῶν γεγονότων ἕκαστα τοῖς καθ᾿ οὕς γεγένηται συνημμένα λόγοις ἀπαράβατον ἔχει 1136 τήν ἐν τῇ φυσικῇ ταυτότητι ἀναλλοίωτον νομιμότητα, καθώς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὁ δημιουργός περί τοῦ εἶναι καί τί εἶναι καί πῶς καί ὁποῖον ἕκαστον ἔκρινέ τε καί ὑπεστήσατο· ἐπεί τοιγε ἡ ἄλλως λεγομένη πρόνοια καί κρίσις ταῖς ἡμῶν προαιρετικαῖς ὁρμαῖς παραπεπήγασι, τῶν μέν φαύλων πολυτρόπως ἀπείργουσαι, πρός δέ τά καλά σοφῶς ἐπιστρέφουσαι, καί τῷ διευθύνειν τά οὐκ ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν ἐναντίως τοῖς ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν καί παροῦσαν καί μέλλουσαν καί παρελθοῦσαν κακίαν ἐκτέμνουσαι.