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38

it sometimes happens to fall under it paradoxically, but it is also higher than the mind and its designations fall short of its intrinsic truth, how then is it properly perceptible by the senses? And do we not, when making sacred prayers for the departed, cry out earnestly to the divine goodness, "rank their souls in a place of light"? What need, then, do souls have for perceptible light? And what pain could come to them from the opposite, yet similarly perceptible, darkness? Do you see how none of these things is properly perceptible by the senses? And that this knowledge is not simply ignorance, we have shown before, when we also reminded you about the dark fire prepared for the demonic tribe. It was necessary, therefore, concerning the ineffable manifestation of light of Jesus on Tabor, not to make pronouncements with timid, that is to say human, reasonings and precarious notions, but to obey the patristic voices and to await the precise knowledge through experience in purity (p. 210) of heart. For this, effecting the union with that light, mystically teaches those who have been so blessed that this light is none of the things that exist, since it transcends all existing things. How then can that which is beyond all existing things be perceptible by the senses? And what among perceptible things is not a creature? And how can the radiance of God be a creature? Therefore, it is not properly perceptible by the senses.

The great Macarius says, "when the soul, with fear and love and shame, like the prodigal son, returns to its own master and Father and God, He receives it, not counting its transgressions, and gives it a robe of glory, of the light of Christ." And what other glory and light of Christ is there than that which Peter, having been kept awake, saw, "being with Him on the holy mountain"? How then could this be a garment for the soul, if it were perceptible by the senses? Elsewhere the same theologian says this light is "heavenly." What, then, among perceptible things is heavenly? And again elsewhere, he says, "the lump of human nature, which the Lord assumed, sat at the right hand of the Majesty in the heavens, full of glory, no longer only on the face, like Moses, but with the whole body." Does it then shine there in vain, with no one perceiving that light? In vain, indeed, if it is perceptible by the senses. Or is this truly the food of spirits, both of angels and of the righteous? This is why, when praying for the departed, we say to Christ to rank their souls where the light of His face shines upon them. How then will souls enjoy, and how will they even dwell at all, in a light that shines perceptibly? But the great Basil says that those who were then pure in heart, during the Lord's epiphany (p. 212) in the flesh, continually saw this power shining forth from His adorable body. How then is a light seen through purity of heart perceptible by the senses? "But Christ on one summit sent forth an infinite radiance of form," according to the divine hymnographer Cosmas. How then is it infinite if it is perceptible by the senses?

And Stephen, who after Christ bore witness for Christ, gazing intently, saw the heavens opened and the glory of God in them, and Christ standing at the right hand of God. Is it possible, then, for a sensory power to reach as far as the super-celestial realms? But indeed, he saw there from below, from the earth, and what is greater, not only Christ, but also His Father. For how could he have seen the Son at His right hand, if he did not also see Him Himself? Do you see that the invisible is seen by those who are purified in heart, but not by the senses, nor by the intellect, nor by abstraction, but by some ineffable power? For the exceeding height and the glory of the Father in no way admit of sensation. The standing was symbolic, but not the vision. But also the standing at the right hand itself, although being a symbol of the stable and unchangeable and most permanent foundation of the divine nature, what that was, this also ineffably

38

ὑποπίπτειν παραδόξως ἔστιν ὅτε, ἀλλά καί νοῦ ὑψηλότερά ἐστι καί τῆς καθ᾿ ἑαυτά ἀληθείας ἀποδεούσας ἔχει τάς ἐπωνυμίας, πῶς οὖν αἰσθητά κυρίως; Καί μή, ὑπέρ τῶν κεκοιμημένων εὐχάς ἱεράς ποιούμενοι, «κατάταξον αὐτῶν τάς ψυχάς» πρός τήν θεαρχικήν ἐκτενῶς βοῶμεν ἀγαθότητα «ἐν τόπῳ φωτεινῷ». Τίς οὖν χρεία ταῖς ψυχαῖς τοῦ αἰσθητοῦ φωτός; Τίς δ᾿ ἆρ᾿ ἀνία ταύταις κἀκ τοῦ ἐναντίου μέν, αἰσθητοῦ δ᾿ ὁμοίως σκότους; Ὁρᾷς ὡς οὐδέν τῶν τοιούτων κυρίως αἰσθητόν; Ὅτι δ᾿ οὐδέ ἁπλῶς ἄγνοια ἡ γνῶσις ταῦτα, πρότερον ἐδείξαμεν, ἡνίκα καί περί τοῦ ἡτοιμασμένου σκοτεινοῦ πυρός τῷ δαιμονίῳ φύλῳ ὑπεμνήσαμεν. Ἐχρῆν οὖν καί περί τῆς ἐν Θαβώρ ἀπορρήτου Ἰησοῦ φωτοφανείας, μή λογισμοῖς δειλοῖς, ἀνθρωπίνοις δηλονότι, καί ἐπισφαλέσιν ἐπινοίαις ἀποφαίνεσθαι, ἀλλά πειθαρχεῖν ταῖς πατερικαῖς φωναῖς καί τήν ἐν καθαρότητι (σελ. 210) καρδίας ἀκριβῆ διά τῆς πείρας ἀναμένειν εἴδησιν. Αὕτη γάρ τήν πρός τό φῶς ἐκεῖνον ἕνωσιν ἱερουργοῦσα, μυστικῶς ἐκδιδάσκει τούς εὐμοιρηκότας ὅτι τό φῶς τοῦτο τῶν ὄντων ἐστίν οὐδέν, ὡς τά ὄντα πάντα ὑπερέχον. Πῶς οὖν τό ὑπέρ τά ὄντα πάντα αἰσθητόν; Τί δέ τῶν αἰσθητῶν οὐ κτίσμα; Πῶς δέ τό κτίσμα ἡ λαμπρότης τοῦ Θεοῦ; Οὐκ ἄρα αἰσθητή κυρίως.

Ὁ μέγας Μακάριος, «ὅταν ἡ ψυχή», φησί, «φόβῳ καί ἀγάπῃ καί αἰσχύνῃ, ὡς καί ὁ ἄσωτος υἱός, ἐπιστρέψῃ πρός τόν ἴδιον δεσπότην καί Πατέρα καί Θεόν, προσδέχεται αὐτήν, μή λογιζόμενος τά παραπτώματα αὐτῆς, καί δίδωσιν αὐτῇ σχολήν δόξης, τοῦ φωτός τοῦ Χριστοῦ». Τίς δ᾿ ἄλλη δόξα καί φῶς ἐστι Χριστοῦ ἤ ἥνπερ διαγρηγορήσας εἶδεν ὁ Πέτρος «σύν αὐτῷ ὤν ἐν τῷ ὄρει τῷ ἁγίῳ»; Πῶς οὖν στολή ψυχῆς τοῦτο γένοιτ᾿ ἄν, εἴπερ αἰσθητόν; Ἀλλαχοῦ δ᾿ ὁ αὐτός θεολόγος «ἐπουράνιόν» φησι «τουτί τό φῶς». Τί τοίνυν ἐπουράνιον τῶν αἰσθητῶν; Ἀλλαχοῦ δ᾿ αὖ «τό φύραμα τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως, ὅπερ ὁ Κύριος ἀνέλαβεν, ἐκάθησε», φησίν, «ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς μεγαλωσύνης ἐν οὐρανοῖς, πλῆρες δόξης, οὐκέτι μόνῳ τῷ προσώπῳ, ὡς ὁ Μωϋσῆς, ἀλλ᾿ ὅλῳ τό σώματι». Ἆρ᾿ οὖν ἐκεῖ μάτην φαίνει, μηδενός ἀντιλαμβανομένου τοῦ φωτός ἐκείνου; Μάτην γάρ, εἴπερ αἰσθητόν. Ἤ τοῦτό ἐστιν ὡς ἀληθῶς ἡ τῶν πνευμάτων τροφή, τῶν τε ἀγγέλων καί τῶν δικαίων; ∆ιό καί προσευχόμενοί φαμεν ὑπέρ τῶν κεκοιμημένων πρός Χριστόν κατατάξαι τάς ψυχάς αὐτῶν ἔνθα ἐπισκοπεῖ τό φῶς τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ. Πῶς οὖν ἀπολαύσονται ψυχαί, πῶς δέ καί ὅλως ἐνσκηνώσουσιν αἰσθητῶς ἐπιλάμποντι φωτεῖ; Ὁ δέ μέγας Βασίλειος τούς τηνικαῦτα καθαρούς τήν καρδίαν, κατά τήν διά σαρκός δεσποτικήν (σελ. 212) ἐπιφάνειαν, ὁρᾶν φησι διηνεκῶς τήν δύναμιν ταύτην ἐκ τοῦ προσκυνητοῦ διαυγάζουσαν σώματος. Πῶς οὖν αἰσθητόν φῶς, τό διά καθαρότητος τῆς καρδίας ὁρώμενον; «Χριστός δ᾿ ἑνί σκοπιῇ σέλας ἄπλετον εἴδεος ἧκεν», κατά τόν θεῖον ὠδικόν Κοσμᾶν. Πῶς οὖν ἄπλετον εἴπερ αἰσθητόν;

Στέφανος δέ ὁ μετά Χριστόν ὑπέρ Χριστοῦ μαρτυρήσας ἀτενίσας εἶδε τούς οὐρανούς ἀνεῳγμένους καί δόξαν ἐν αὐτοῖς Θεοῦ καί τόν Χριστόν ἑστῶτα ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἔστι τοίνυν αἰσθητικήν δύναμιν μέχρις αὐτῶν φθάνειν τῶν ὑπερουρανίων; Ἀλλά μήν οὗτος κάτωθεν ἐκεῖσε ἀπό γῆς ἑώρα, καί τό μεῖζον ὡς οὐ τόν Χριστόν μόνον, ἀλλά καί τόν αὐτοῦ Πατέρα. Πῶς γάρ ἄν ἐκ δεξιῶν αὐτοῦ ἑώρα τόν υἱόν, εἰ μή καί αὐτόν ἐκεῖνον ἔβλεπεν; Ὁρᾷς ὅτι ὁρᾶται ὁ ἀόρατος ὑπό τῶν κεκαθαρμένων τήν καρδίαν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ αἰσθητῶς, οὐδέ νοητῶς, οὐδέ ἀφαιρεματικῶς, ἀλλ᾿ ἀρρήτῳ τινί δυνάμει; Τό μέν γάρ τοῦ ὕψους ὑπερβάλλον καί ἡ δόξα τοῦ Πατρός οὐδαμῶς προσίεται τήν αἴσθησιν. Συμβολική δ᾿ ἡ στάσις ἦν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐχ ἡ ὅρασις. Ἀλλά καί αὐτή ἡ ἐκ δεξιῶν στάσις, καίτοι σύμβολον οὖσα τοῦ παγίου καί ἀναλλοιώτου καί τῆς μονιμωτάτης τῆς θείας φύσεως ἱδρύσεως, ὅ ἦν ἐκείνη, τοῦτο καί ἀρρήτως