John Cantacuzenus, Histories

choosing war, but as if by a current they themselves were also swept away by the multitude. 23. When these things had thus happened, the emperor sent his aunt, who had been dispatched for the embassy, to Byzantium, informing the emperor and his grandfather of such things: “It was necessary, O most mighty emperor, that none of the things that have happened should have been set in motion in the first place. For I, as I have often said, call to witness the all-seeing eye, that I am conscious of nothing in myself, except if 1.114 I have erred in some small matters befitting children. But since God has thus permitted it on account of my doubtless countless sins, I again confess many thanks to him, that I did not end my life before I found such an opportune moment, so as to be able to make manifest both the sincerity of my mind and my obedience and servitude to you. You then, O emperor, while your niece, and my aunt, was negotiating, asked for as much as you know. But I, in the manner of a suppliant, ask from the great emperor and God, that you may be among the living for many years, and may direct the empire of the Romans, and that I, as your servant and son, may fulfill what is commanded, as you yourself command; and that as time goes on, such things may be arranged concerning us as are pleasing to God. If, then, I myself should depart from life first, that the entire empire should rest with you, so that you may do what seems expedient to you; but if you should be summoned to the eternal abodes, that the rule of the Romans should be left to me again. Let these things then be brought about wherever is pleasing to God; but now, with necessity and reverence being divided, necessity has prevailed, compelling me to both say and do something of what is improper and unseemly. For while it was necessary to entrust to you ourselves and cities and money and everything together, for two reasons we have been compelled to act otherwise. First, because God who knows the hidden things knows my will to do what is pleasing to you and my honor and reverence for you, and I myself, 1.115 when the circumstances permitted, made the proof of it clear. I am confident, therefore, that you also will be disposed in the same way towards me, and that you will keep your fatherly goodwill and natural affection for me sincere and pure; but since the circumstances have not yet provided a sure proof, no one could blame one who is seized by fear. Secondly, and this is stronger than the first, since I saw all those with me—some out of cowardice, others out of malice, and some even because they delight in evils—choosing war, and not enduring peace even to the tips of their ears, I was compelled to omit a small part of what is truly good and just, so that I might make peace tolerable to all. And this is it: that I should have the administration of the lands and cities between Selybria and Christoupolis, and of the army, and also of the public taxes; and that you, emperor, should have Constantinople itself up to Selybria and the cities subject to the Romans in the east, and also all the islands and the Macedonian and western eparchies from Christoupolis up to Epidamnus and Dalmatia, the farthest borders of the Roman dominion. And I hope, as time goes on, to bring and hand over both myself and what I now seem to be usurping to your authority, since even now I have been led to act not by choice, but pushed by necessity.” Having reported such things to the emperor, the young emperor sent also oaths written in two books, 1.116 containing the division of the cities they would rule, from each emperor to the other, and affirming that each would abide by what was sworn, so that, if these things should also seem pleasing to him, having made the oaths binding on the holy Gospels and with signatures in his own red hand, he might send it to him, who in turn would do the same. And since it was necessary for someone from the young emperor to be present, to bring back the written oaths, the *parakoimomenos* Apokaukos was sent by the grand domestic, since Syrgiannes had persuaded him to this. However, when the emperor's niece arrived in Byzantium to see the emperor, and the words of the

πόλεμον αἱρούμενοι, ἀλλ' ὥσπερ ὑπὸ ῥεύματος καὶ αὐτοὶ συναπήχθησαν τοῦ πλήθους. κγʹ. Τούτων οὕτω γεγενημένων, τὴν πρὸς τὴν πρεσβείαν ἀπεσταλμένην θείαν αὐτοῦ πρὸς Βυζάντιον ἐξέπεμψε βασιλεὺς, μηνύσας τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ πάππῳ τοιαῦτα· «ἔδει μὲν, ὦ κράτιστε βασιλεῦ, μηδὲν τῶν γεγενημένων μηδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν κινηθῆναι. ἐγὼ γὰρ, ὅπερ πολλάκις εἶπον, τὸν πάντ' ἐφορῶντα μαρτύρομαι ὀφθαλμὸν, ὡς οὐδὲν ἐμαυτῷ σύνοιδα, πλὴν εἰ 1.114 μὴ μικρά τινα καὶ παιδίοις πρέποντα ἡμαρτηκότι. ἐπεὶ δ' οὕτω συνεχώρησεν ὁ θεὸς τῶν ἐμῶν ἕνεκα πάντως ἀπείρων ἁμαρτημάτων, πάλιν αὐτῷ χάριτας ὁμολογῶ πολλὰς, ὅτι μὴ πρότερον κατέλυσα τὴν ζωὴν, πρὶν ἐπιτηδείου καιροῦ τυχεῖν οὕτως, ὥστε δυνηθῆναι καὶ τὸ ἄδολον τῆς γνώμης καὶ τὴν εἰς σὲ εὐπείθειαν καὶ δουλότητα φανερὰν καταστῆσαι. σὺ μὲν οὖν, ὦ βασιλεῦ, τῆς σῆς μὲν ἀνεψιᾶς, ἐμῆς δὲ θείας, διαπρεσβευομένης, ᾔτησας ὅσα οἶδας. ἐγὼ δ' ἐν ἱκεσίας μέρει παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως αἰτῶ καὶ θεοῦ, σὲ μὲν ἐπὶ πολλοῖς ἔτεσιν ἐν ζῶσιν εἶναι, καὶ τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχὴν ἰθύνειν, ἐμὲ δὲ οἷα δοῦλον σὸν καὶ υἱὸν, ᾗ κελεύεις αὐτὸς, τὸ προσταττόμενον ἐκπληροῦν· τοῦ χρόνου δὴ προϊόντος, ἃ φίλον ἐστὶ θεῷ, τοιαῦτ' οἰκονομηθῆναι περὶ ἡμᾶς. εἰ μὲν οὖν πρότερος αὐτὸς ἀποστῶ τοῦ ζῇν, ἐπὶ σοὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν κεῖσθαι πᾶσαν, ὥσθ' ἅ σοι δοκεῖ συμφέρειν ποιεῖν· εἰ δ' ἄρα σύ γε πρὸς τὰς αἰωνίους μετακληθήσῃ μονὰς, ἐμοὶ πάλιν τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Ῥωμαίων καταλειφθῆναι. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ὅποι τῷ θεῷ φίλον ἀγέσθω· νυνὶ δὲ ἀνάγκης τε καὶ αἰδοῦς μεριζομένης, ἴσχυσεν ἡ ἀνάγκη, καί τι τῶν μὴ προσηκόντων καὶ ἀπαιδεύτων καὶ λέγειν καὶ πράττειν βιαζομένη. δέον γὰρ καὶ ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς καὶ πόλεις καὶ χρήματα καὶ ὁμοῦ πάντα σοι ἐγχειρίζειν, δυεῖν ἕνεκα αἰτιῶν ἑτέρως ἠναγκάσμεθα ποιεῖν. ἓν μὲν, ὅτι τὴν μὲν ἐμὴν εἰς τὸ τά σοι φίλα πράττειν προαίρεσιν καὶ τὴν περί σε τιμήν τε καὶ αἰδῶ θεός τε οἶδεν ὁ τὰ κεκρυμμένα εἰδὼς, καὶ αὐτὸς, 1.115 τῶν πραγμάτων παρασχόντων, ἐναργῆ τὴν ἀπόδειξιν ἐποιησάμην. πέποιθα μὲν οὖν, ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς διατεθήσῃ τὸν ἴσον τρόπον περὶ ἐμὲ, καὶ τὴν πατρικὴν εὐμένειαν καὶ τὴν φυσικὴν στοργὴν ἄδολον ἐμοὶ τηρήσεις καὶ καθαράν· οὔπω δὲ τὴν ἀπόδειξιν βεβαίαν τῶν πραγμάτων παρασχομένων, οὐδεὶς ἂν καταμέμψαιτο δειλίᾳ κατεχόμενον. δεύτερον δ', ὃ καὶ ἰσχυρότερον τοῦ προτέρου, ἐπειδὴ τοὺς σὺν ἐμοὶ πάντας, τοὺς μὲν ὑπὸ δειλίας, τοὺς δ' ὑπὸ κακοβουλίας, ἔστι δ' οὓς καὶ διὰ τὸ τοῖς κακοῖς χαίρειν, ἑώρων τὸν πόλεμον αἱρουμένους, εἰρήνης δὲ μὴ μέχρις ἄκρων ὤτων ἀνεχομένους, ἠναγκάσθην τι μικρὸν καὶ τοῦ ὄντος καλοῦ καὶ δικαίου παραλιπεῖν, ὡς ἂν ποιήσω πᾶσιν ἀνεκτὴν τὴν εἰρήνην. ἔστι δὲ τοῦτο, τὸ, ἐμὲ μὲν ἐκ Σηλυβρίας ἄχρι καὶ Χριστουπόλεως τῶν μεταξὺ χωρῶν τε καὶ πόλεων καὶ στρατιᾶς, ἔτι δὲ καὶ δημοσίων φόρων τὴν διοίκησιν ἔχειν· σὲ δὲ, βασιλεῦ, αὐτῆς τε τῆς Κωνσταντίνου μέχρι Σηλυβρίας καὶ τῶν κατὰ τὴν ἕω τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ὑπηκόων πόλεων, ἔτι δὲ καὶ νήσων πασῶν καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ Χριστουπόλεως Μακεδονικῶν τε καὶ ἑσπερίων ἐπαρχιῶν ἄχρις Ἐπιδάμνου καὶ ∆αλματίας, τῶν ἄκρων ὅρων τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμονίας. ἐλπίζω δὲ τοῦ χρόνου προϊόντος ἐμέ τε αὐτὸν καὶ ἃ δοκῶ νυνὶ σφετερίζεσθαι ὑπὸ τὴν σὴν ἐξουσίαν παραδώσειν ἀγαγὼν, ἐπειδὴ καὶ νῦν οὐκ ἐκ προαιρέσεως, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκῃ συνωθούμενος, προῆγμαι ποιεῖν.» Τοιαῦτα πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα βασιλεὺς ὁ νέος μηνύσας, ἀπέστειλε καὶ ὅρκους ἐν δυσὶ βιβλίοις ἐγγεγραμ 1.116 μένους, ἐξ ἑκατέρου πρὸς τὸν ἕτερον βασιλέα τὸν μερισμὸν περιέχοντας ὧν ἄρξουσι πόλεων, καὶ τοῖς ὀμωμοσμένοις ἐμμενεῖν ἑκάτερον ἰσχυριζομένους, ὡς ἂν, εἰ ἀρεστὰ δοκοίη ταῦτα κἀκείνῳ, τοῖς ἱεροῖς εὐαγγελίοις τοὺς ὅρκους πιστοὺς ποιήσας καὶ ὑπογραφαῖς τῆς οἰκείας χειρὸς ἐρυθραῖς, πέμψῃ πρὸς αὐτὸν, αὖθις τὰ ἴσα κἀκείνου δράσοντος. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἔδει καὶ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ νέου βασιλέως τινὰ παρεῖναι, τοὺς ἐγγράφους ὅρκους ἀποκομίσοντα, ὁ παρακοιμώμενος Ἀπόκαυχος ἀποστέλλεται παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου δομεστίκου, τοῦ Συργιάννου πρὸς τοῦτο πείσαντος. τῆς μέντοι βασιλέως ἀνεψιᾶς πρὸς βασιλέα εἰς Βυζάντιον ἀφιγμένης, καὶ τούς τε λόγους τοῦ