foretold; for one says: "Woe to the lawless one; evil will befall him according to his works." And another: as "you have done, so it shall be to you; your recompense shall be returned upon your own head." 303 Mt 27, 21-26 These things are a great refutation of the Jews, who chose a robber and a murderer rather than Christ; so much did they care for what is just, and in this way, for the sake of piety, they accused Christ; and when he who had been chosen to judge was freeing him, they urge him to undergo the sentence of death, he who is the guide and teacher of all piety, <and> so that they might endure a still more burdensome punishment, they cried out, saying: "Away with this man, release to us Barabbas." Behold, clearly "they denied the Holy and Righteous One," as the blessed Peter says, "and asked for a murderer to be granted" to them, so that they might be partners of his portion. 304 Mt 27, 24 Pilate, having neglected right and just judgment, did not even consider handing over an innocent man to death, although he had the authority to release him; and he washes his hands, supposing himself through this to be free from sin, which is a foolish thing to think. Perhaps, being a Gentile, he thought that water is sufficient for the cleansing of sins. 305 Mt 27, 25 The Lord accused them of this impious cry, saying through the voice of Jeremiah: "I have forsaken my house, I have abandoned my heritage; <I have given the beloved of my soul into the hands of her enemies. My heritage has become> to me like a lion in the forest; she has raised her voice against me, therefore I have hated her." And somewhere the prophet Hosea also spoke concerning the impiety of the Jews: "Woe to them, for they have fled from me; they are wretched, because they have acted impiously against me. I redeemed them, but they spoke lies against me. Their rulers will fall by the sword because of the unruliness of their tongue." 306 Mt 27, 32 The Savior is led to the saving passion. And they placed his cross on Simon of Cyrene. But another of the holy evangelists said that Jesus himself "bore" the wood. But both are entirely true; for the Savior carried the cross, but somewhere in the middle of the road they met the Cyrenian, seized him, and placed the cross upon him. For it has been said concerning him through the voice of Isaiah, that "a child is born to us, and a son is given to us, whose government is on his shoulder;" for the cross has become his government, through which he has reigned over what is under heaven, if it is true that he became "obedient unto death, even death on a cross, wherefore God also has highly exalted him." 307 Mt 27, 33 Concerning the place of the skull, it has come down to us that the Hebrews hand down the tradition that the body of Adam was buried there, and since "in Adam all" die, Adam also rose and "in Christ all will be made alive." 308 Mt 27, 38 Have you seen how the creator and lord of all things restores his nature? For, restoring this to its original state by becoming as we are, for our sake he endured our sufferings on our behalf. But while he was hanging from the cross, two robbers were crucified with him, which was admittedly an outrage, as far as the intention of the Jews was concerned, yet a reminder of the prophecy which says: "and he was numbered with the transgressors." But through his sufferings, good things run to us; for it is true that "by his stripes we were healed." These two robbers prefigured the two peoples, of whom the one displayed his ingratitude until the end and did not even confess that he was suffering the ultimate captivity, which he endured under the Romans, as a defense against his outrages against Christ, while the other at the very end did not despair of forgiveness, but corrected the rawness of his evils with theology. And indeed, the Lord's enduring of the cross between the robbers revealed his voluntary <death, his> presence to the two peoples, to whom he willingly came, wishing both through his incarnation
προαπηγγελμένα· ὁ μὲν γάρ φησιν· "οὐαὶ τῷ ἀνόμῳ· πονηρὰ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ συμβήσεται αὐτῷ". ὁ δέ· καθὼς "ἐποίησας, οὕτως ἔσται σοι· τὸ ἀνταπόδομά σου ἀνταποδοθήσεται εἰς τὴν κεφαλήν σου". 303 Mt 27, 21-26 Μέγας ἔλεγχος ταῦτα τῶν Ἰουδαίων λῃστὴν καὶ φονέα ἑλομένων μᾶλλον ἢ τὸν Χριστόν· τοσοῦτον αὐτοῖς ἔμελε τοῦ δικαίου καὶ οὕτως διὰ τὴν ὁσιότητα κατηγόρουν Χριστοῦ· καὶ τοῦ κρίνειν λαχόντος ἐλευ θεροῦντος αὐτὸν θανάτου ψῆφον ὑποστῆναι παρακαλοῦσιν τὸν πάσης εὐσεβείας καθηγητὴν καὶ διδάσκαλον, <καὶ> ἵνα ἔτι φορτικωτέραν ὑπο μείνωσι τὴν κόλασιν, ἀνέκραγον λέγοντες· "αἶρε τοῦτον, ἀπόλυσον ἡμῖν τὸν Βαραββᾶν". ἰδοὺ δὴ σαφῶς "τὸν ἅγιον καὶ δίκαιον ἠρνήσαντο" καθά φησιν ὁ μακάριος Πέτρος "καὶ ᾔτησαν ἄνδρα φονέα χαρισθῆναι" αὐτοῖς, ἵνα τῆς ἐκείνου μερίδος ἔσονται κοινωνοί. 304 Mt 27, 24 Ἀμελήσας τῆς ὀρθῆς καὶ δικαίας κρίσεως ὁ Πιλᾶτος οὐδὲ ἐλο γίσατο ἐκδοῦναι ἀναίτιον εἰς θάνατον καίπερ κύριος ὢν τοῦ ἐξελέσθαι αὐτόν· καὶ νίπτεται τὰς χεῖρας ὑπονοήσας ἑαυτὸν διὰ τούτου τῆς ἁμαρ τίας ἐλεύθερον, ὅπερ ἐστὶν μωρὸν ἐννοῆσαι. τάχα δὲ ὡς ἐθνικὸς ἐνό μιζεν, ὅτι ἀρκεῖ αὐτὸ πρὸς καθαίρεσιν ἁμαρτημάτων τὸ ὕδωρ. 305 Mt 27, 25 Ταύτην αὐτῶν τὴν ἀνοσίαν καταβοὴν ᾐτιᾶτο λέγων ὁ κύριος διὰ φωνῆς Ἰερεμίου· "ἐγκαταλέλοιπα τὸν οἶκόν μου, ἀφῆκα τὴν κληρονο μίαν μου <ἔδωκα τὴν ἠγαπημένην ψυχήν μου εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν αὐτῆς. ἐγενήθη ἡ κληρονομία μου> ἐμοὶ ὡς λέων ἐν δρυμῷ· ἔδωκεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὴν φωνὴν αὐτῆς, διὰ τοῦτο ἐμίσησα αὐτήν". ἔφη δέ που περὶ τῆς τῶν Ἰου δαίων ἀνοσιότητος καὶ ὁ προφήτης Ὠσηέ· "οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς, ὅτι ἀπεπή δησαν ἀπ' ἐμοῦ· δείλαιοί εἰσιν, ὅτι ἠσέβησαν εἰς ἐμέ· ἐγὼ δὲ ἐλυτρω σάμην αὐτούς, αὐτοὶ δὲ κατελάλησαν κατ' ἐμοῦ ψευδῆ. πεσοῦνται ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ οἱ ἄρχοντες αὐτῶν δι' ἀπαιδευσίαν γλώττης αὐτῶν". 306 Mt 27, 32 Ἄγεται μὲν ὁ σωτὴρ ἐπὶ τὸ σωτήριον πάθος. Σίμωνι δὲ Κυρη ναίῳ ἐπέθηκαν τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ. ἕτερος δὲ τῶν ἁγίων εὐαγγελιστῶν καὶ αὐτὸν ἔφη τὸν Ἰησοῦν "βαστάσαι" τὸ ξύλον. ἀληθῆ δὲ πάντως ἀμφότερα· ἤνεγκε μὲν γὰρ τὸν σταυρὸν ὁ σωτήρ, κατὰ μέσην δέ πως τὴν ὁδὸν ὑπαντήσαντες τὸν Κυρηναῖον κατεσχήκασιν καὶ μετέθηκαν ἐπ' αὐτὸν <τὸν> σταυρόν. εἴρηται γὰρ περὶ αὐτοῦ διὰ φωνῆς Ἠσαίου, ὅτι "παιδίον ἐγεννήθη ἡμῖν, υἱὸς καὶ ἐδόθη ἡμῖν, οὗ ἡ ἀρχὴ ἐπὶ τοῦ ὤμου αὐτοῦ"· ἀρχὴ γὰρ αὐτοῦ γέγονεν ὁ σταυρός, δι' οὗ βεβασίλευκε τῆς ὑπ' οὐρανοῦ, εἴπερ ἐστὶν ἀληθές, ὅτι "μέχρι θανάτου" γέγονεν "ὑπήκοος, θανάτου δὲ σταυροῦ, διὸ καὶ ὁ θεὸς αὐτὸν ὑπερύψωσεν". 307 Mt 27, 33 Περὶ τοῦ κρανίου τόπου ἦλθεν εἰς ἡμᾶς, ὅτι Ἑβραῖοι παρα διδόασιν τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἐκεῖ τεθάφθαι καὶ ἐπεὶ "ἐν τῷ Ἀδὰμ πάντες" ἀποθνῄσκουσιν, ἀνέστη καὶ ὁ Ἀδὰμ καὶ "ἐν Χριστῷ πάντες ζωοποιηθήσονται". 308 Mt 27, 38 Εἶδες πῶς ὁ τῶν ὅλων γενεσιουργὸς καὶ κύριος τὴν αὐτοῦ φύσιν ἐπανορθοῖ· ταύτην γὰρ εἰς τὸ ἐν ἀρχαῖς ἀναφέρων διὰ τοῦ γενέσθαι καθ' ἡμᾶς δι' ἡμᾶς τὰ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ὑπέμεινε πάθη. ἀπηρτημένῳ δὲ τοῦ σταυροῦ συνεκρέμαντο αὐτῷ δύο λῃσταὶ καὶ ὕβρις μὲν ὁμολογου μένως τό γε ἧκον εἰς τὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων σκοπὸν πλὴν ἀνάμνησις προ φητείας λεγούσης· "καὶ μετὰ ἀνόμων ἐλογίσθη". ἀλλὰ διὰ τῶν αὐτοῦ παθημάτων εἰς ἡμᾶς τρέχει τὰ ἀγαθά· ἀληθὲς γάρ, ὅτι "τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς ἰάθημεν". οἱ δύο οὗτοι λῃσταὶ τοὺς δύο ὑπέγραφον λαούς, ὧν ὁ μὲν μέχρι τελευτῆς τὴν ἀγνωμοσύνην ἐπεδείξατο καὶ οὐδὲ τὴν ἐσχάτην αἰχμαλωσίαν, ἣν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων ὑπέμεινεν, εἰς ἄμυναν τῶν κατὰ Χριστοῦ παροινιῶν ὡμολόγησεν ὑφίστασθαι, ὁ δὲ πρὸς αὐτῷ τῷ τέλει οὐκ ἀπέγνω τῆς ἀφέσεως, ἀλλὰ τὸ ὠμὸν τῶν κακῶν θεολογίᾳ διωρθώ σατο. τό τε μὴν μέσον τῶν λῃστῶν σταυροῦ ἀνασχέσθαι τὸν κύριον τὸν ἑκούσιον αὐτοῦ <θάνατον τὴν> πρὸς τοὺς δύο λαοὺς ἀπεκάλυψε παρου σίαν. πρὸς οὓς ἑκὼν παρεγίνετο, ἀμφοτέρους τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἐνανθρωπήσει βουληθεὶς