De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

to relate moderate things out of countless ones; but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. And for a time, with the sun having plunged into its setting, it was necessary for a prudent man to be inside his hut, having secured the doors with bolts, for if he did not do so, no one would give a guarantee that the man would be saved. But when, even hidden at home, he did not have darkness, but was illuminated by a serviceable fire or a lamp, this was another danger, with the Saracens and any other evildoers like them (and there were many such) going about and questioning what the master of the house was doing that he had not gone to bed, and breaking down the doors and leaping inside and doing whatever they wished. And we can say that not only these were harmed on the pretext of the fire and the light, but also those without fire and without light. For the wicked, rushing in without being checked and clad in the night as if in the cap of Hades for concealment, led away wives from their spouses, leaving the yoke of marriage unbalanced by the seizure of the counterbalancing power, whom, having observed them under the discriminating sun, 138 they seized at night, and young girls from their parents, rendering unfulfilled, as someone said, the prayers of their parents for them. And if they also carried off money and any dowries, this evil was from an abundance. There were also those who were slaughtered in their homes at that time, suffering an evil unwitnessed by the sun. And the reason was either a nocturnal madness or that those being mistreated were crying out. But as many of the barbarians as were more moderate and playful, these on the other hand liked to leap at the doors and strike them with rods, either casting them down and carrying them off as plunder or at least depriving the masters of the place of sleep. These things indeed and more than these, and especially nakedness and famine, which dismayed and disturbed the souls of many of the captives even unto death, provoked them by necessity (for what else could they have devised?) to fawn upon the Latins, to run up to them, to flatter, to cajole, to wag their tails, to serve, to do everything by which they might live and have no fear. And from this there are those who stumbled against the right path unwillingly. For the senseless both slandered and informed on the hiding places of treasures and plundered and pillaged. And they tracked down fugitives, many of the same blood, and gave them to the evil hunters to capture, and sinned in many other ways, not at all willingly in the main, but, to speak colloquially, willingly-unwillingly. But as for those of the race who were carried away to great and shameless deeds, for some are accused of having turned out this way, may the Lord never make mention of them with his lips. Hence the lawless marriages, hence the repudiations of wives, who rejected the men the law recognizes as husbands, hence the defilement of virgins, some not with the consent of those who gave them being, others with even those very ones giving them up, hence monasteries turned into brothels; concerning which I, having both exhorted and spoken frankly many times, remained unsuccessful, not even being able to turn back those who were suffering this sin, since they had already tasted the bittersweet and were somehow murmuring to me that it is hard to make a dog taste sausage. Hence the shaking and tearing up of floors, by which all the houses were dug out from the outside, the barbarians tunneling like hares or mole-rats or even pigs or some other root-eating, earth-loving animal, or to put it another way, like plowmen. For it appears that they would have torn up the houses with plows, if their area had allowed for it. For recently, having reaped what was unsown and unplowed, a proverbial golden harvest, they then wielded a plow of this sort, from which they gained fine, naturally-grown windfalls. And not being content with riches under the sun, they plotted also against those under the earth. It must be granted to me to call these same men gold-diggers in their undertaking, just like the ants from India; for with a love of such material they disturbed the earth; and these same men were also tomb-robbers in countless places. For not even the dead did they pass by without plotting against them, but as

ἀπείρων μέτρια καθιστορῆσαι· τὰ δὲ τῶν νυκτῶν, οὐδ' αὐτὰ ἔχουσι μὴ οὐ πρὸς ἔριν τούτοις ἀντεπεξάγεσθαι. Καὶ τέως ἡλίου κατακλυσθέντος εἰς δύσιν, ἐχρῆν τὸν φρονοῦντα ἔσω καλύβης εἶναι, μοχλοῖς τὰς θύρας ἀσφαλισάμενον, ὡς εἴ γε μὴ οὕτως ἐποίει, οὐδεὶς ἂν ἐγγύην ἐδίδου περισωθήσεσθαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Ἀλλ' ὅτε καὶ κατ' οἶκον κρυβεὶς οὐκ ἔχοι σκότον, ἀλλὰ πυρὶ καταλάμποιτο ὑπουργῷ ἢ καὶ φωτί, ἕτερος τοῦτο κίνδυνος, περιιόντων τῶν Σαρακηνῶν καὶ εἴ τινες δὲ ἄλλοι κατ' αὐτοὺς κακοῦργοι (πολλοὶ δὲ οἱ τοιοῦτοι) καὶ ἀνακρινόντων τί ποιῶν ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης εἰς ὕπνον οὐ κατακέκλιται καὶ κατακλώντων τὰς θύρας καὶ εἰσπηδώντων ἔσω καὶ δρώντων ὅσα ἂν καὶ εἶεν βουλομένοις αὐτοῖς. Ἔχομεν δ' εἰπεῖν καὶ ὡς οὐχ οὗτοι μόνοι ἐκακοῦντο διὰ πρόφασιν τὸ πῦρ καὶ τὸ φῶς, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ ἀνεμπύρευτοι καὶ ἀφώτιστοι. Ἀνεξέλεγκτα γὰρ ἐπεισφροῦντες οἱ κακοὶ καὶ τὴν νύκτα ὡσεὶ καὶ Ἅιδου κυνέην εἰς ἐπίκρυψιν ἀμφιβεβλημένοι, γυναῖκάς τε ἀπῆγον τῶν συνεύνων, ἀφιέντες τὸν τοῦ γάμου ζυγὸν ἑτεροκλινῆ τῇ ἁρπαγῇ τῆς <ἀντιρρόπου> δυνάμεως, ἣν ὑπὸ ἡλίῳ διευκρινοῦντι κατα 138 σκεπτόμενοι νυκτὸς ἀφήρπαζον, καὶ νεάνιδας τῶν γειναμένων, ἀτελεῖς, καθά τις ἔφη, τὰς τῶν τεκόντων ἐπ' αὐταῖς εὐχὰς τιθέμενοι. Εἰ δὲ καὶ χρήματα συναπῆγον ὅσα καὶ προῖκάς τινας, ἐκ περιουσίας τουτὶ τὸ κακόν. Ἦσαν δὲ οἳ καὶ ἐσφάττοντο ἐπὶ τῶν οἰκιῶν τηνικαῦτα, ἡλίῳ ἀμάρτυρον κακὸν πάσχοντες. Καὶ τὸ αἴτιον ἢ νυκτιλόχος μανία ἢ ὅτι ἐξεβόων οἱ κακουργούμενοι. Ὅσοι δὲ τῶν βαρβάρων ἐπιεικέστεροι καὶ παιγνήμονες, οὗτοι δὲ ἀλλ' ἠγάπων θύραις ἐναλλόμενοι καὶ κόπτοντες ῥάβδοις αὐτὰς καὶ ἢ ῥιπτοῦντες καὶ εἰς φόρτον ἄγοντες ἢ ἀλλὰ γοῦν τοὺς κυρίους τοῦ τόπου ἀποστεροῦντες τοῦ ὑπνοῦν. Ταῦτα δὴ καὶ τούτων ἕτερα πλείω, καὶ μάλιστα τὸ γυμνιτεύειν καὶ ὁ λιμός, τοὺς πολλοὺς τῶν αἰχμαλώτων θροοῦντα καὶ διαταράττοντα ἕως καὶ εἰς θάνατον τὰς ψυχάς, ἠρέθισαν κατ' ἀνάγκην (καὶ τί γὰρ ἄλλο ἐμηχανήσαντο ἄν;) ὑπαικάλλειν τοὺς Λατίνους, ὑποτρέχειν, κολακεύειν, θώπτειν, σαίνειν, δουλεύειν, πάντα ποιεῖν, ἐξ ὧν ἂν καὶ ζήσαιεν καὶ μηδὲ φόβον ἔχοιεν. Κἀντεῦθεν εἰσὶν οἳ προσέκοψαν εἰς τὸν ὀρθὸν δρόμον ἄκοντες. Οἱ γὰρ μὴ ἔμφρονες καὶ κατελάλησαν καὶ θησαυρῶν κατεμήνυσαν κρύψεις καὶ ἥρπασαν καὶ ἐσύλησαν. Ἰχνηλάτησαν δὲ καὶ φυγάδας, τοῦ αὐτοῦ αἵματος τοὺς πολλοὺς καὶ ἀγρεῦσαι τοῖς κακοῖς θηραταῖς δεδώκασι καὶ πολλὰ ἕτερα ἐξήμαρτον, οὔ τι ἑκόντες ἔς γε τὸ πᾶν, ἀλλ' εἰπεῖν καθωμιλημένως, ἑκουσιοακούσιοι. Τῶν δέ γε καὶ μεγάλα καὶ πρὸς ἀναίδειαν κατενεχθέντων τοῦ φυλετικοῦ γένους, κατηγοροῦνται γὰρ καὶ τοιοῦτοι ἐκβῆναί τινες, μήποτε μνησθείη διὰ χειλέων αὐτοῦ ὁ κύριος. Ἐντεῦθεν οἱ αὐτόνομοι γάμοι, ἐντεῦθεν γυναικῶν ἀπαρνήσεις, ἀπανηναμένων οὓς νόμος οἶδεν ἄνδρας, ἐντεῦθεν παρθένων φθοραί, τῶν μὲν οὔτι καθ' ἑκούσιον τῶν ἀρχηγετῶν αὐταῖς τοῦ εἶναι, τῶν δὲ καὶ ἐκείνων προεμένων αὐτάς, ἐντεῦθεν σεμνεῖα πεπορνευμένα· ἐφ' οἷς ἐγὼ πολλὰ καὶ παρακλητεύσας καὶ παρρησιασάμενος ἄπρακτος ἔμεινα, μηδὲ τὰς πασχούσας τὸ ἐφάμαρτον ἐπιστρέψαι δυνάμενος, οἷα γεγευμένας ἤδη τοῦ γλυκυπίκρου καί πως ὑποφωνούσας μοι ὡς χαλεπὸν χορίου κύνα γεῦσαι. Ἐντεῦθεν δαπέδων σάλοι καὶ ἀνασχίσεις, δι' ὧν οἶκοι πάντες ἐξωρωρύχατο, ὑπονομευόντων τῶν βαρβάρων κατὰ λαγιδεῖς ἢ ἀσπάλακας ἢ καὶ χοίρους ἢ ἄλλο τι ζῷον ῥιζοφάγον γεωχαρές, εἰπεῖν δὲ καὶ ἄλλως, κατὰ ἀροτρέας. Φαίνεται γὰρ ὡς καὶ ἀρότροις ἀνέσχιζον ἂν τὰ τῶν οἰκιῶν, εἴπερ ἐχώρει τὸ κατ' αὐτὰς ἐμβαδόν. Ἔναγχος γάρ τοι ἄσπαρτα καὶ ἀνήροτα δρεψάμενοι κατά τι πεπαροιμιασμένον θέρος χρύσεον, εἶτα καὶ ἄροτρον οἷον τοῦτον διε 140 χειρίζοντο, ἐξ οὗ αὐτοφυῆ τὰ καλὰ ἐκέρδαινον ἕρμαια. Καὶ τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὸν ἥλιον μὴ ἀγαπῶντες πλουτισμοῖς, ἐπεβούλευον καὶ τοῖς κατὰ γῆς. ∆οτέον μοι τοὺς αὐτοὺς καλέσαι καὶ χρυσωρύχους τὴν ἐπιβολὴν κατά γε τοὺς Ἰνδόθεν μύρμηκας· τοιαύτης γὰρ ὕλης ἔρωτι παρηνώχλουν τῇ γῇ· τοὺς δ' αὐτοὺς καὶ τυμβωρύχους μυριαχοῦ. Οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ τοὺς νεκροὺς ἀνεπιβουλεύτους παρέτρεχον, ὡς δὲ