HORTATORY ADDRESS TO THE GREEKS BY SAINT JUSTIN, PHILOSOPHER AND MARTYR.

 Alas, with my own eyes I see a dear man pursued around the wall and my heart grieves for him. And what he says about the other gods conspiring agains

 Artemis the archer, sister of the far-shooter. And against Leto stood the strong, helpful Hermes. These and such things Homer taught you about the god

 ...s of you you say have become of piety, some declaring water to be the beginning of all things, others air, others fire, others some other of the af

 Of all of them who had spoken, Thales, the eldest of them all, says that the principle of existing things is water for he says that all things are fr

 having denied it, later says in his conceptions that it is this very thing. Moreover, having formerly declared that everything that has come into bein

 having established for I do not attempt to prove these things from the divine histories among us alone, which you are not yet willing to believe beca

 to organize affairs in Egypt, but also to establish the warrior class with laws. And fourth, they say that Bocchoris the king became a lawgiver, a wis

 it happened that there were once God-fearing men, as you say the oracle declared: Only the Chaldeans obtained wisdom, and also the Hebrews, purely rev

 of wise men or orators, should one wish to make mention, he will find that they have written their own compositions in the letters of the Greeks. But

 it is fitting that it should appear clearly and manifestly. It is necessary, therefore, for you, O men of Greece, foreseeing the things to come and lo

 And in the Oracles it is thus: I adjure you, Heaven, the wise work of the great God, I adjure you, Voice of the Father, which He first uttered, When H

 the poem to fall from its meter, lest he should seem not to have first mentioned the name of the gods. But a little later he sets forth clearly and pl

 he should cause Meletus to be against himself, accusing him before the Athenians and saying: Plato does wrong and is a busybody, not believing in the

 that only disobedience was cast out, but not knowing that they were also persuaded that non-existent gods existed, they passed on the name of the gods

 light, constructs that which comes to be. But perhaps some, not wishing to abandon the doctrines of polytheism, will say that the demiurge himself sai

 having. For it does not seem to me that what was said by Phoenix was said simply: Not even if the god himself should promise me, scraping off old age,

 wishing to confirm what has been said of participation, Plato has written thus in these very words: God, then, as the old saying has it, holding the b

 having heard from one who had come back to life and was relating the things there, has written thus in his very words: For he said that he was present

 poetry, Diodorus, the most renowned of the historians, sufficiently teaches us. For he said that he, having been in Egypt, had learned that Nepenthes,

 to set up the battle-cry of much-lamented war They were eager to place Ossa upon Olympus, but upon Ossa Pelion with its shaking leaves, that heaven m

 and concerning the heaven that came into being that the created heaven, which he also named the firmament, this is the perceptible one that came into

 proclaimed by the name. For, fearing to call the gift of God Holy Spirit, lest he should seem to be an enemy of the Greeks by following the teaching

 supposed them to have the forms of men, you will find that they learned this also from the divine history. For since the history of Moses says, from t

 to you Socrates, the wisest of the wise, to whom even your oracle, as you yourselves say, testifies, saying: Of all men Socrates is the wisest, confes

 It will be easy for you to learn in part the true worship of God from the ancient Sibyl, who teaches you by oracles from some powerful inspiration, th

 it is clear that he said this about the oracle-givers, looking to the oracles of the Sibyl. For he spoke thus: When they succeed in saying many and gr

 Tatian's Address to the Greeks. Do not be so very hostile towards the barbarians, O men of Greece, nor be envious of their doctrines. For what pursuit

 very savagely, having imprisoned his own friend for not wanting to worship him, carried him around like a bear or a leopard. Indeed, he completely fol

 selecting places for their covetousness *** the prominent. But one ought not flatter the leaders with the prospect of kingship, but to wait until the

 I have chosen to order the unordered matter in you, and just as the Word, having been begotten in the beginning, in turn begot our creation for himsel

 not according to fate, but by the free will of those who choose, he foretold the outcomes of future events and he became a hinderer of wickedness thro

 with baubles of the earth he deceived the motherless and orphaned girl. Poseidon sails, Ares delights in wars, Apollo is a cithara player, Dionysus is

 of a kingdom, *** were turned into constellations by the shaping of letters? And how is Kronos, who was fettered and cast out of his kingdom, appointe

 of faith with glory become but the poor man and the most moderate, desiring the things that are his own, more easily gets by. Why, I ask, according to

 were zealous to be but the Lord of all allowed them to luxuriate until the world, having reached its end, should be dissolved, and the judge should a

 refusing a suffering god, they were shown to be fighters against God rather than God-fearing. You too are such men, O Greeks, talkative in words, but

 of the spirit But when the tabernacle is not of such a kind, man excels the beasts only in articulate speech, but in other respects his way of life i

 causes, when they happen, they ascribe to themselves, attacking whenever weariness overtakes them. But there are times when they themselves by a tempe

 For if it were so, much more would he ward off his own enemy from himself for being able to help others also, he will much more become his own avenge

 you? Therefore if you say that one ought not to fear death, sharing our doctrines, die not because of human vainglory, as Anaxarchus did, but for the

 Unable to explain those things, because of the impossibility of their theory, they have blamed the tides, and of the seas, one being weedy and the oth

 For what sort are your teachings? Who would not mock your public festivals, which, being celebrated under the pretext of wicked demons, turn men to di

 providing it, feeding it with the most ungodly bloodshed. For the robber kills for the sake of taking, but the rich man buys gladiators for the sake o

 dedications, and those who read are as with the jar of the Danaids. Why do you divide time for me, saying that one part of it is past, another present

 the conception which I have concerning all things, this I do not hide. Why do you advise me to deceive the state? Why, while saying to despise death,

 but again it will be dissolved, if we obey the word of God and do not scatter ourselves. For he has gained control of our possessions through a certai

 Archilochus flourished around the twenty-third Olympiad, in the time of Gyges the Lydian, five hundred years after the Trojan War. And concerning the

 the nonsense of affairs for the Greeks. For the pursuits of your customs are rather foolish through great glory and behave disgracefully through the w

 seeing the figures of the strife and of Eteocles, and not having thrown them into a pit with Pythagoras who made them, do you destroy along with them

 For what is difficult about men who have been shown to be ignorant being now refuted by a man of like passions? And what is strange, according to your

 maios. The time from Inachus until the capture of Ilium completes twenty generations and the proof is in this manner. The kings of the Argives were th

 our laws, and what the learned men among the Greeks have said, and how many and who they are who have mentioned them, will be shown in the treatise A

 God and what is the creation according to him, I present myself ready to you for the examination of the doctrines, while my way of life according to G

For what sort are your teachings? Who would not mock your public festivals, which, being celebrated under the pretext of wicked demons, turn men to dishonor? I have often seen someone, and having seen I marveled, and after marveling I despised how he is one person on the inside, but on the outside he feigns what he is not, one who is exceedingly effeminate and contorted in every way, and now flashing with his eyes, and now bending his two hands, and raving through a clay mask, and at one time becoming like Aphrodite, at another like Apollo, a single accuser of all the gods, an epitome of superstition, a slanderer of heroic deeds, a performer of murders, a recorder of adultery, a treasury of madness, an instructor of catamites, a pretext for those who are condemned, and such a one is praised by all. But I have rejected him, who lies in all things, both his godlessness and his practices and the man himself. But you are plundered by these men and you revile those who do not share in your pursuits. I do not wish to have gaped with many teeth, and I do not want to be disposed along with one who nods and moves contrary to nature. What wonder is not contrived and practiced among you? For they pipe and speak shameful things, and they make movements they ought not, and your daughters and your sons watch those who on the stage cleverly devise how one ought to commit adultery. Fine are the auditoriums among you, which proclaim all the things that are wickedly practiced at night, and delight the listeners with utterances of shameful words. And fine also are your poets, liars who deceive their listeners through figures of speech. I have seen men weighed down by bodybuilding and carrying around a burden of the flesh on them, for whom prizes and crowns are set forth, with the judges of the games summoning them not for manliness, but for a love of insolence and strife, and the one who is more of a bruiser is crowned. And these are the lesser of the evils; but who would not hesitate to speak of the greater ones? Some, having chosen idleness on account of their profligacy, sell themselves to be killed; and the hungry man sells himself, while the rich man buys those who will be murderers. And for these things the spectators sit down, and the fighters contend in single combat for no reason, and no one comes down to help. Are such things then well performed by you? For the preeminent man among you gathers an army of murderers, promising to train robbers, and the robbers go forth from him, and you all come together to the spectacle, becoming judges, on the one hand, of the wickedness of the contest's president, and on the other, of the gladiators themselves. And he who did not get to the slaughter is grieved, because he was not condemned to be a spectator of wicked and defiled deeds. You sacrifice animals for the sake of eating flesh, and you buy men for your soul's sake for the slaughter of men

Oἷα γάρ ἐστιν ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ διδάγματα; τίς οὐκ ἂν χλευάσειε τὰς δημοτελεῖς ὑμῶν πανηγύρεις, αἳ προφάσει πονηρῶν ἐπιτελούμεναι δαιμόνων εἰς ἀδοξίαν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους περιτρέπουσιν; εἶδόν τινα πολλάκις, καὶ ἰδὼν ἐθαύμασα καὶ μετὰ τὸ θαυμάσαι κατεφρόνησα πῶς ἔσωθεν μέν ἐστιν ἄλλος, ἔξωθεν δὲ ὅπερ οὐκ ἔστι ψεύδεται, τὸν ἁβρυνόμενον σφόδρα καὶ παντοίως διακλώμενον καὶ τοῦτο μὲν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς μαρ μαρύσσοντα, τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τὼ χεῖρε λυγιζόμενον καὶ διὰ πηλίνης ὄψεως δαιμονῶντα καὶ ποτὲ μὲν ὡς Ἀφροδίτην, ποτὲ δὲ ὡς Ἀπόλλωνα γινόμενον, ἕνα κατήγορον πάντων τῶν θεῶν, δεισι δαιμονίας ἐπιτομήν, διάβολον ἡρωϊκῶν πράξεων, φόνων ὑπο κριτήν, μοιχείας ὑπομνηματιστήν, θησαυρὸν μανίας, κιναίδων παιδευτήν, καταδικαζομένων ἀφορμὴν καὶ τὸν τοιοῦτον ὑπὸ πάντων ἐπαινούμενον. ἐγὼ δὲ αὐτὸν παρῃτησάμην πάντα ψευ δόμενον καὶ τὴν ἀθεότητα καὶ τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα καὶ τὸν ἄν θρωπον. ὑμεῖς δὲ ὑπὸ τούτων συλαγωγεῖσθε καὶ τοὺς μὴ κοι νωνοῦντας ὑμῶν ταῖς πραγματείαις λοιδορεῖτε. κεχηνέναι πολλῶν ­δόντων οὐ θέλω καὶ τῷ νεύοντι καὶ κινουμένῳ παρὰ φύσιν οὐ βούλομαι συνδιατίθεσθαι. τί θαυμαστὸν οὐ παρ' ὑμῖν ἐξηυ ρημένον διαπράττεται; ·ιναυλοῦσι μὲν γὰρ καὶ λαλοῦσι τὰ αἰσχρά, κινοῦνται δὲ κινήσεις ἃς οὐκ ἐχρῆν, καὶ τοὺς ὅπως δεῖ μοιχεύειν ἐπὶ τῆς σκηνῆς σοφιστεύοντας αἱ θυγατέρες ὑμῶν καὶ οἱ παῖδες θεωροῦσι. καλὰ παρ' ὑμῖν τὰ ἀκροατήρια κηρύττοντα πάνθ' ἅπερ ἐν νυκτὶ μοχθηρῶς πραγματεύεται καὶ τέρποντα τοὺς ἀκροατὰς αἰσχρῶν λόγων ἐκφωνήμασιν. καλοὶ δέ εἰσιν ὑμῶν καὶ οἱ ποιηταί, ψευδολόγοι καὶ διὰ σχημάτων ἐξαπατῶντες τοὺς ἀκροωμένους. Eἶδον ἀνθρώπους ὑπὸ τῆς σωμασκίας βεβαρημένους καὶ φορτίον τῶν ἐν αὑτοῖς κρεῶν περιφέροντας, οἷς ἔπαθλα καὶ στέφανοι πρόκεινται προκαλουμένων αὐτοὺς τῶν ἀγωνοθε τῶν οὐκ ἐπ' ἀνδραγαθίᾳ, ὕβρεως δὲ καὶ στάσεως φιλονεικίᾳ, καὶ τὸν μᾶλλον πλήκτην στεφανούμενον. καὶ ταῦτα μέν ἐστι τῶν κακῶν τὰ ἐλάττονα· τὰ δὲ μείζονα τίς οὐκ ἂν ἐξειπεῖν ὀκνήσειεν; ἀργίαν τινὲς ἐπανῃρημένοι διὰ τὴν ἀσωτίαν ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὸ φονευθῆναι πιπράσκουσιν· καὶ πωλεῖ μὲν ἑαυτὸν ὁ πει νῶν, ὁ δὲ πλουτῶν ὠνεῖται τοὺς φονεύσοντας. καὶ τούτοις οἱ μαρτυροῦντες καθίζονται, μονομαχοῦσί τε οἱ πυκτεύοντες περὶ οὐδενός, καὶ ὁ βοηθήσων οὐ κάτεισιν. ἆρά γε τὰ τοιαῦτα ὑφ' ὑμῶν καλῶς ἐπιτελεῖται; τὸ μὲν γὰρ στρατόπεδον τῶν μιαι φονούντων ὁ προὔχων ἐν ὑμῖν συναγείρει λῃστοτροφεῖν ἐπαγ γελλόμενος, οἱ δὲ λῃστεύοντες ἀπ' αὐτοῦ προΐασιν, καὶ πάντες ἐπὶ τὴν θέαν σύνιτε κριταὶ γινόμενοι τοῦτο μὲν πονηρίας ἀγωνοθέτου, τοῦτο δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν τῶν μονομαχούντων. ὁ δὲ τῷ φόνῳ μὴ περιτυχὼν λυπεῖται, διότι μὴ κατεκρίθη πονηρῶν καὶ μιαρῶν ἔργων θεατὴς γενέσθαι. θύετε ζῶα διὰ τὴν κρεωφαγίαν καὶ ἀνθρώπους ὠνεῖσθε τῇ ψυχῇ διὰ τὴν ἀνθρωποσφαγίαν