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that the matters concerning Nestorius be examined canonically. Then the emperor Theodosius writes to all the bishops under him to come to Ephesus without any delay after Easter, decreeing that "he who is not found at the synod in Ephesus on the day of holy Pentecost will have no defense before God or before us." And Celestine of Rome writes to Cyril of Alexandria to hold his place in the synod, being unable to be present because of the difficulty of the sea voyage in winter. κεʹ. ιηʹ. θʹ. γʹ. ιεʹ. ιηʹ. ιʹ. In this year the holy and ecumenical third synod of the 200 fathers was gathered in Ephesus. Therefore, when all the bishops 90 had arrived, John of Antioch and the orientals did not arrive by the appointed deadline, and on the 16th day after the appointed time, since John had not come, Nestorius arrived with great arrogance. And on the twentieth of the month of June the synod was convened, with Nestorius and Cyril and Juvenal presiding, and Cyril holding the place of the bishop of Rome. And while all were discussing theology, Nestorius says [with great arrogance]: "I would not call one who became two or three months old God. And for this reason I am pure of your blood; and from now on I will not return to you." And having said these things he went out with six bishops who followed his opinion. But those with Cyril, having assembled on the next day, sent three bishops to summon him, and he did not obey. Likewise also, having been summoned by the synod a second and a third [and a fourth] time, he did not appear, but even ordered those who were sent to be insulted and dishonored. Then the holy and ecumenical synod, having received the sent bishops insulted and dishonored, pronounced against him and declared him stripped of all priestly dignity; and they sent him his own deposition to his face. When these things were so accomplished, after three days John, the bishop of Antioch, came, having 26 bishops with him, who, having learned that Nestorius was deposed, splitting from the holy synod and holding a council with Nestorius, deposed, as they thought, Cyril and Memnon of Ephesus. Theodoret, however, thinking to attack Cyril, having misinterpreted the twelve chapters, there vomited forth the poison of Nestorius. But Cyril, among the saints, rising up nobly in defense of the same chapters, explained them, both uncovering the ecclesiastical treasure in them and making manifest his own pious purpose to all. But John of Antioch, having been summoned a third time by the holy synod and not obeying to appear, received a sentence 91 with those with him to be alienated from all ecclesiastical communion, until, condemning themselves, they should confess their own error. And the holy synod also decreed this, that the things done by the orientals illegally and uncanonically to the insult of the most holy presidents of the church, Cyril and Memnon, should have no force at all. Therefore, when all these things were reported by means of a dispatch to the emperor Theodosius, bishops from both sides were ordered to go up to Constantinople, and having gone up, by the cooperation of God, those of the holy synod were victorious; and the deposition of Nestorius having been ratified, Maximian is ordained bishop in Constantinople, being a presbyter of the same church. But the orientals took Nestorius with them to the East. And in the fourth year of the deposition of Nestorius, John, the bishop of Antioch, possessing the fear of God, seeing many of the notables throughout Antioch being corrupted by Nestorius, writes, beseeching the emperor to banish this man from the East. And the emperor exiled Nestorius to the Oasis, and sends out commands to Cyril and John to be united without delay in order to free the churches from all discord. And John yielded to the command and writes to Cyril

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γυμνασθῆναι κανονικῶς τὰ κατὰ Νεστόριον. τότε ὁ βασιλεὺς Θεοδόσιος γράφει πᾶσι τοῖς ὑπ' αὐτὸν ἐπισκόποις παραγενέσθαι εἰς Ἔφεσον χωρὶς πάσης ὑπερθέσεως μετὰ τὸ πάσχα, ὁρίσας ὅτι "οὐδεμίαν ἕξει πρὸς θεὸν οὐδὲ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀπολογίαν ὁ μὴ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς ἁγίας πεντηκοστῆς εὑρισκόμενος ἐν τῇ συνόδῳ εἰς Ἔφεσον." ὁ δὲ τῆς Ῥώμης Κελεστῖνος γράφει Κυρίλλῳ τῷ Ἀλεξανδρείας τὸν αὐτοῦ τόπον ἐπέχειν ἐν τῇ συνόδῳ, διὰ τὸν τῆς θαλάσσης κόπον τοῦ χειμῶνος μὴ δυνηθεὶς εὑρεθῆναι. κεʹ. ιηʹ. θʹ. γʹ. ιεʹ. ιηʹ. ιʹ. Τούτῳ τῷ ἔτει ἡ ἐν Ἐφέσῳ ἁγία καὶ οἰκουμενικὴ τρίτη σύνοδος τῶν σʹ πατέρων συνηθροίσθη. πάντων τοίνυν τῶν ἐπισκόπων 90 ἐλθόντων, Ἰωάννης ὁ Ἀντιοχείας καὶ οἱ ἀνατολικοὶ οὐκ ἀπήντησαν τῇ ὡρισμένῃ προθεσμίᾳ, καὶ τῇ ιϛʹ ἡμέρᾳ μετὰ τὴν ὡρισμένην, τοῦ Ἰωάννου μὴ ἐλθόντος, ἔφθασεν ὁ Νεστόριος μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἀλαζονείας. καὶ τῇ εἰκάδι τοῦ Ἰουνίου μηνὸς ἐκροτήθη ἡ σύνοδος, Νεστορίου καὶ Κυρίλλου καὶ Ἰουβεναλίου προκαθεσθέντων, τοῦ δὲ Κυρίλλου τὸν τόπον τοῦ Ῥώμης ἐπέχοντος. καὶ πάντων θεολογούντων λέγει ὁ Νεστόριος [μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἀλαζονείας]· "ἐγὼ τὸν γενόμενον διμηναῖον καὶ τριμηναῖον οὐκ ἂν θεὸν ὀνομάσοιμι. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καθαρός εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος ὑμῶν· καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν πρὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ ἐπανέρχομαι." καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἐξῆλθε μετὰ ἓξ ἐπισκόπων τῶν γνώμῃ ἀκολουθησάντων αὐτῷ. οἱ δὲ περὶ Κύριλλον τῇ ἑξῆς συνελθόντες ἀπέστειλαν τρεῖς ἐπισκόπους καλέσαι αὐτόν, καὶ οὐχ ὑπήκουσεν. ὁμοίως καὶ δεύτερον καὶ τρίτον [καὶ τέταρτον] προσκληθεὶς ὑπὸ τῆς συνόδου οὐ παρεγένετο, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς σταλέντας ὑβρισθῆναι καὶ ἀτιμασθῆναι παρεκέλευσεν. τότε ἡ ἁγία καὶ οἰκουμενικὴ σύνοδος ὑβρισμένους καὶ ἠτιμασμένους δεξαμένη τοὺς ἀποσταλέντας ἐπισκόπους ἀπεφήνατο κατ' αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀλλότριον αὐτὸν ὥρισε παντὸς ἱερατικοῦ ἀξιώματος· καὶ ἀπέστειλαν αὐτῷ εἰς πρόσωπον τὴν οἰκείαν καθαίρεσιν. τούτων οὕτω τελεσθέντων, ἦλθε μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας Ἰωάννης, ὁ Ἀντιοχείας ἐπίσκοπος, κϛʹ ἐπισκόπους ἔχων μεθ' ἑαυτοῦ, οἵ τινες μαθόντες καθαιρεθέντα Νεστόριον, ἀποσχίσαντες τῆς ἁγίας συνόδου καὶ μετὰ Νεστορίου συνεδρεύσαντες καθεῖλαν, ὡς ἐνόμισαν, Κύριλλον καὶ Μέμνονα τὸν Ἐφέσιον. Θεοδώρητος μέντοι νομίσας Κύριλλον καταδραμεῖν, τὰ δώδεκα κεφάλαια παρεξηγησάμενος ἐκεῖσε τὸν Νεστορίου ἐξήμεσεν ἰόν. ὁ δὲ ἐν ἁγίοις Κύριλλος γενναίως διαναστὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν αὐτῶν κεφαλαίων ἀπελογήσατο, ἑρμηνεύων αὐτὰ καὶ τὸν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐκκλησιαστικὸν θησαυρὸν ἀνακαλύπτων καὶ τὸν οἰκεῖον εὐσεβῆ σκοπὸν φανεροποιῶν πᾶσιν. ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς ἁγίας συνόδου κληθεὶς ὁ Ἰωάννης, ὁ τῆς Ἀντιοχέων, ἐκ τρίτου καὶ μὴ ὑπακούσας τοῦ παραγενέσθαι, ἀπόφασιν ἐδέξατο 91 σὺν τοῖς μετ' αὐτοῦ ὡς ἀλλοτριοῦσθαι πάσης ἐκκλησιαστικῆς κοινωνίας, ἄχρις ἂν ἑαυτῶν καταγνόντες τὸ οἰκεῖον ὁμολογήσωσι σφάλμα. καὶ τοῦτο δὲ ἡ ἁγία ὥρισε σύνοδος, ὥστε τὰ παρὰ τῶν ἀνατολικῶν ἀθέσμως καὶ ἀκανονίστως ἐφ' ὕβρει τῶν ἁγιωτάτων τῆς ἐκκλησίας προέδρων Κυρίλλου καὶ Μέμνονος ἰσχύν τινα μηδ' ὅλως ἔχειν. τούτων τοίνυν πάντων δι' ἀναφορᾶς τῷ βασιλεῖ Θεοδοσίῳ ἀνενεχθέντων, ἐκελεύσθησαν ἐκ τῶν ἀμφοτέρων μερῶν ἐπίσκοποι ἀνελθεῖν ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει, καὶ ἀνελθόντες τῇ συνεργίᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐνίκησαν οἱ τῆς ἁγίας συνόδου· καὶ κυρωθείσης τῆς καθαιρέσεως Νεστορίου, Μαξιμιανὸς χειροτονεῖται ἐπίσκοπος ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει, πρεσβύτερος ὢν τῆς αὐτῆς ἐκκλησίας. οἱ δὲ ἀνατολικοὶ ἔλαβον τὸν Νεστόριον μεθ' ἑαυτῶν εἰς ἀνατολήν. τῷ δὲ τετάρτῳ χρόνῳ τῆς Νεστορίου καθαιρέσεως Ἰωάννης, ὁ τῆς Ἀντιοχέων ἐπίσκοπος, τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ φόβον κεκτημένος, βλέπων πολλοὺς τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν λογάδων ὑπὸ Νεστορίου νοθευομένους γράφει παρακαλῶν τὸν βασιλέα τοῦτον ἐξεῶσαι τῆς ἀνατολῆς. ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς τὸν μὲν Νεστόριον ἐξώρισεν ἐν τῇ Ὀάσει, προστάγματα δὲ ἐκπέμπει Κυρίλλῳ καὶ Ἰωάννῃ ἀνυπερθέτως ἑνωθῆναι πρὸς τὸ ἀπαλλάξαι τὰς ἐκκλησίας διχονοίας ἁπάσης. εἶξε δὲ τῷ προστάγματι Ἰωάννης καὶ γράφει Κυρίλλῳ