De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

they busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suffering were sheltered. And now such a fine establishment has no one to receive, but those resorting to the hospital, coming and seeing the emptiness and turning away from the aid to health as if it were a lodging place of death, striking their own heads and wailing as if at a funeral, they return home and lie there, having surrendered themselves to death. For there is not a drop or a crumb of medical supplies to be found anywhere else in our desolate city, everything having been made to disappear by the boorish and most cruel men, who not only showed no grace while growing rich, but I think did not even know it, men more graceless than all whom one might mention, and otherwise inexperienced in what is good, inasmuch as by the vulgarity of their way of life they were inexperienced in everything good and they orphaned our city of all such good things, so that it is no longer to be wondered at why they turned out to be deaths incarnate against men, if, apart from such irrationalities, they were ruthless in their madness against us and they insolently smashed the vessels to pieces, down to the very flasks and oil-jars and anything even more worthless. And otherwise they were so boorish, as to seem never to have distinguished the more valuable things with their eyes. For good, many, and precious things lying in linen wrappings and sacks and rags, they picked up in rivalry, and opening the mouths of the containers, they threw out what was inside and trampled on it, but the useless containers they stuffed into their bosoms, being for the most part worth an obol. And such were most of them at first, in the height of the plunder; but those who came after them and those after them still loaded up the fine things that had been poured out and gathered wealth. And they themselves were also ignoble rustics, and educated in nothing refined 148. At least to those who happened by for trade, and who were able to acquire the wares either more thinly or in bulk, taking some small thing, they exchanged things precious for life. And it is possible to learn that gold was given for double, and silver for many times more in exchange for wretched bronze coins. But books, for the loss of which one would bite his soul for his whole life, and cloths, in which the Seres delight before all others, and other works of the loom, with which a spider's thread might rival, and whatever things have as their root of origin the silkworm, worker of delicate thread, not even these were attractive to those who knew nothing of what is fine, but were tossed aside for a random price. Among whom even the three-year-old wine was despised because it was not sweet must, as if it were some bad medicine; and of such wine there was great need, both for other things and especially for those with wounds. For that fine liquid was poured out as if into rivers; whence there was neither it, nor any consequent soothing plaster, nor the orderly bandaging. Wherefore not only were the dead lying around the wall and in the whole area of such a circuit there was no one to bury them, but also the wounded made an addition to Hades and caused trouble for those who buried them. Oh, how many houses did even the wounded empty, dying in manifold numbers. And so the old wine suffered a carrying out for burial, having died, as it were, itself along with those who were in peril for lack of it, but the new-born wine leaped up, seething and fermenting, and the ferment was to those who took it like a battle cry and a threat of life's removal. For those who filled themselves with this then drank the potion of forgetfulness, which death poured as a wine-steward, not only to our people, but, which I rejoice to utter with my mouth, especially to the Latins, to whom it was judged a great good, while at the same time squeezing grapes with their hands and greedily gulping the newly-pressed juice, so that they would not even yield to the flasks the primacy of receiving it. And we owe thanks to such a fermenting wine, as having enlisted death as an ally against the Latins; which the swine's flesh also spurred on for them, with which they crammed their bellies to satiety; so too the meat from oxen and the good garlic, by which our clergy was saved, chanting and reaping the things for life and thus avenging the murders, by which

εἰς αὐτοὺς ἀπησχόλησαν τὰ ξίφη, μετὰ δὲ κενὸν τὸ πᾶν ἀφῆκαν ὧν ἐντὸς ἔστεγε, τῶν τε πρὸς ἰατρείαν καὶ οἷς οἱ τληπαθεῖς ἐσκέποντο. Καὶ νῦν τὸ τοιοῦτον καλὸν οὐκ ἔχει τινὰ ξεναγωγεῖν, ἀλλ' οἱ πρὸς νοσοκομίαν ἀπονεύοντες ἐρχόμενοι καὶ τὸ κένωμα βλέποντες καὶ τὸ πρὸς ὑγίειαν βοήθημα ὡσεὶ καὶ θανάτου καταγώγιον ἀποτροπιαζόμενοι, τύπτοντες τὰς αὑτῶν κεφαλὰς καὶ οἰμώζοντες ὡς ἐπιτελεύτια ἐπαναστρέφουσιν οἴκαδε καὶ κεῖνται θανάτῳ ἐπιτρέψαντες ἑαυτούς. Οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ ἔστι ῥανίδα ἢ ψῆγμά τι νοσήλειον οὐδ' ἄλλοθί που τῆς καθ' ἡμᾶς ἐρημοπόλεως εὑρέσθαι, πάντων ὑπὸ τῶν καὶ ἀγροίκων καὶ ἀπηνεστάτων ἐξηφανισμένων, οἳ οὐδεμίαν χάριν μὴ ὅτι γε καταπλουτοῦντες, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ οἶμαι εἰδότες, ἄνθρωποι ἀχαρίστεροι πάντων, ὦν ἂν εἴποι τις, καὶ λόγον ἄλλον ἀπειρόκαλοι, καθότι τῷ χυδαίῳ τῆς πολιτεύσεως καλοῦ παντὸς ἦσαν ἀπείρατοι καὶ τῶν τοιούτων ἁπάντων ἀγαθῶν τὴν καθ' ἡμᾶς πόλιν ἀπωρφάνισαν, ὡς μηκέτι θαυμάζεσθαι τί δήποτε αὐτοὶ κατ' ἀνθρώπων θάνατοι αὐτόχρημα ἐξέβησαν, εἰ δίχα τῶν τοιούτων καὶ ἀλόγων ἀφειδεῖς ἦσαν κατὰ μανίαν τὴν καθ' ἡμῶν καὶ ἀγγείοις ἐνύβριζον εἰς κατάκλασμα, μέχρι καὶ αὐτῶν λαγύνων καὶ ληκύθων καὶ εἴ τι φαυλότερον. Οἱ δὲ καὶ ἄλλως εἰς τόσον ἀγροικικῶς εἶχον, ὡς μηδὲ ὀφθαλμοῖς ποτε διαλαβέσθαι δοκεῖν τὰ σπουδαιότερα. Λινέοις γοῦν σπειράμασι καὶ σακκίοις καὶ ῥάκεσιν ἀγαθὰ καὶ πολλὰ καὶ τίμια ἐγκείμενα πρὸς ἔριν ἀναλεγόμενοι, τὰ μὲν ἔνδον ἐξερρίπτουν ἀνοίγοντες τὰ τῶν ἀγγείων στόματα καὶ συνεπάτουν, τὰ δὲ ἀχρεῖα δοχεῖα εἰς κόλπους παρέβυον, ὀβολιαῖα ὡς τὰ πολλὰ ὄντα. Καὶ τοιοῦτοι μὲν οἱ πλείους τὰ πρῶτα ἐν ἀκμῇ τῆς ἁρπαγῆς· ἐπελθόντες δὲ οἱ μετ' αὐτοὺς καὶ οἱ μετ' ἐκείνους ἔτι ἐφορτίζοντο τὰ ἐκκεχυμένα καλὰ καὶ πλοῦτον συνέλεγον. Ἦσαν δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀγεννεῖς ἄγροικοι καὶ οὐδὲν ἀστεῖον 148 πεπαιδευμένοι. Τοῖς γοῦν κατ' ἐμπορίαν παρατετυχηκόσι καὶ εἴτε ἰσχνότερον ἢ πρὸς πάχος δυναμένοις κτᾶσθαι τὰ ἐμπολώμενα βραχύ τι λαμβάνοντες κατήλλαττον τὰ τῷ βίῳ τίμια. Καὶ ἔστι μαθεῖν ὡς διπλοὺς μὲν ὁ χρυσός, ὁ δὲ ἄργυρος καὶ εἰς πολλαπλοῦν πονηροῖς εἰς ἄλλαγμα χαλκείοις προΐετο. Βίβλοι δέ, ἃς ἀπολωλεκώς τις δάκνοιτο ἂν τὴν ψυχὴν διὰ βίου, καὶ φάρεα, οἷς πρὸ τῶν ἄλλων φιληδοῦσιν οἱ Σῆρες, καὶ λοιπὰ ἔργα ἱστοῦ, οἷς ἀραχνῶν μίτος ἐρίσειεν ἄν, καὶ ὅσα δὲ ῥίζαν γενέσεως φέρουσι σκώληκα ἐργάτην τρυφεροῦ μηρύματος, οὐδ' αὐτὰ ἐφολκὰ ἦσαν τοῖς μηδὲν εἰδόσι καλόν, ἀλλὰ παρερριπτοῦντο εἰκαίου τιμήματος. Παρ' οἷς καὶ ὁ τριγέρων οἶνος διὰ τὸ ἀγλευκὲς ἐξουθενεῖτο, οἶα καί τι φάρμακον οὐκ ἀγαθόν· οἵου δὴ οἴνου χρεία καὶ μάλιστα ἦν τά τε ἄλλα καὶ διὰ τοὺς ἐν πληγαῖς. Ἐξεχεῖτο γὰρ τὸ καλὸν ἐκεῖνο ὑγρὸν ὡς εἰς ποταμούς· ὅθεν οὔτε αὐτὸς ἦν οὔτε τι ἀκόλουθον μάλαγμα οὔτε ὁ καθ' εἱρμὸν κατάδεσμος. ∆ιόπερ οὐ μόνον κύκλῳ τοῦ τείχους τῶν νεκρῶν κειμένων καὶ περὶ σύμπαν δὲ τὸ τοῦ τοιούτου κύκλου ἐμβαδὸν οὐκ ἦν ὁ θάπτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ πεπληγμένοι προσθήκην ἐποίουν τῷ Ἅιδῃ καὶ πράγματα προυξένουν τοῖς θάπτουσιν. Ὢ γοῦν ὅσας ἐξεκένωσαν οἰκίας καὶ οἱ τραυματίαι κατὰ πολυμερῆ ποσότητα ἐκλείποντες. Καὶ οὕτω μὲν ὁ γέρων οἶνος ἐκφορὰν ἔπαθε, συντεθνηκὼς οἷον καὶ αὐτὸς τοῖς κινδυνεύσασι κατ' ἔνδειαν αὐτοῦ, ὁ δὲ νεογνὸς ὑπεσκίρτα ζέων καὶ βραττόμενος καὶ τὸ βράσμα ἦν τοῖς προσιεμένοις καθὰ καί τι ἐμβόημα καὶ ἀπειλὴ βίου ὑπεξαγωγῆς. Οἱ γὰρ τούτου ὑποπιμπλάμενοι εἶτα τοῦ τῆς λήθης ἔπινον πόματος, ὃ θάνατος οἰνοχόει, οὐ τοῖς ἡμετέροις μόνοις, ἀλλ', ὃ καὶ προφέρων τῷ στόματι χαίρω, καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς Λατίνοις, οἷς μέγα τι καλὸν αὐτὸς ἐκρίνετο, ἅμα ἐκπιέζουσι χερσὶ σταφυλὰς καὶ ῥοφοῦσι χανδὸν τὸ νεόθλιπτον, ἵνα μηδὲ ταῖς λαγύνοις πρωτείου ὑποδοχῆς ἐκχωρήσωσι. Καὶ ὁφείλομεν ἡμεῖς τῷ τοιούτῳ βρασματίᾳ οἴνῳ χάριτας, οἷα προσεταιρισαμένῳ κατὰ Λατίνων τὸν θάνατον· ὃν ἐπώτρυνεν αὐτοῖς καὶ τὰ ὕεια κρέα, οἷς τὰς γαστέρας πλησμίως ἔσαττον· οὕτω δὲ καὶ τὰ ἐκ βοῶν καὶ τὰ καλὰ σκόροδα, δι' ὧν ὁ καθ' ἡμᾶς κλῆρος ἐσῴζετο καταψάλλων καὶ καρπιζόμενος τὰ ἐς ζωὴν καὶ οὕτω τιννύμενος τοὺς φόνους, οἷς