47

Of Scripture, Matthew indicates, saying: "And when he heard that John had been delivered up, he withdrew" from Judea "into Galilee," 3.24.10 and Mark likewise: "Now after John was delivered up," he says, "Jesus came into Galilee," and Luke also, before beginning the acts of Jesus, similarly observes, stating how indeed Herod, adding to the evil things he had done, "shut up John in prison." 3.24.11 Therefore, on account of these things, they say the apostle John was requested to hand down in his own Gospel the time which had been passed over in silence by the former evangelists and the things done by the Savior during it (and these were the things before the imprisonment of the Baptist), and he indicated this very thing, at one time saying: "This beginning of his signs Jesus did," and at another time mentioning the Baptist in the midst of the acts of Jesus as still baptizing at that time in Aenon near Salim, and clearly indicating this in saying, "for John had not yet been thrown 3.24.12 into prison." Therefore John, in the writing of his Gospel, hands down the things done by Christ when the Baptist had not yet been cast into prison, while the other three evangelists record the things after the imprisonment of the Baptist in the jail; 3.24.13 and to one who has attended to these things, the Gospels would no longer seem to disagree with one another, because of the fact that the Gospel according to John contains the first of the acts of Christ, while the others contain the history that took place for him at the end of the time; and so with good reason John passed over in silence the genealogy of the flesh of our Savior, since it had been previously written by Matthew and Luke, but began with the theology, as it had been reserved for him by the divine Spirit 3.24.14 as for one who was greater. Now let these things have been said by us concerning the writing of the Gospel according to John, and the reason for the origin of the one according to Mark has been shown by us in the foregoing; 3.24.15 But Luke, himself also at the beginning of his own writing, set forth the reason for which he made his composition, showing how indeed many others had rather rashly undertaken to make a narrative of the accounts of which he himself was fully convinced, of necessity freeing us from the doubtful opinion concerning the others, he handed down through his own Gospel the secure account of those things of which he himself had adequately grasped the truth, having been helped by his association and time spent with Paul and from his intercourse with the other apostles. 3.24.16 And these are our own words on these matters; but at a more suitable time we will try to show, through the citation of the ancients, what has also been said about them by others. 3.24.17 Of John’s writings, besides the Gospel, the first of the epistles also has been acknowledged as undisputed both by those of the present day and by the ancients. 3.24.18 But the remaining two are disputed, and concerning the Apocalypse the opinion among the majority is still drawn to either side even now; but likewise it too will receive its judgment at the proper time from the testimony of the ancients. 3.25.1 And it is reasonable, having come to this point, to summarize the writings of the New Testament which have been mentioned. And indeed, there must be placed in the first place the holy tetrad of the Gospels, which is followed by the writing of the Acts 3.25.2 of the Apostles; and after this the epistles of Paul must be enumerated, to which in sequence the so-called first of John and likewise the epistle of Peter must be confirmed; after these must be placed, if it should seem right, the Apocalypse of John, concerning which we will set forth the opinions at the proper time. 3.25.3 And these things are among the acknowledged works. But of the disputed writings, which are nevertheless well-known to many, there is the so-called of James and that of Jude and the second epistle of Peter and the so-called second and third of John, whether they happen to be of the evangelist or of another with the same name as he. 3.25.4 Among the spurious must be placed also the writing of the Acts of Paul and the so-called Shepherd and the Apocalypse of Peter and in addition to these the so-called of Barnabas

47

γραφῆς ὁ μὲν Ματθαῖος δηλοῖ λέγων· «ἀκούσας δὲ ὅτι Ἰωάννης παρεδόθη, ἀνεχώρησεν» ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας «εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν», 3.24.10 ὁ δὲ Μάρκος ὡσαύτως· «μετὰ δὲ τὸ παραδοθῆναι» φησίν «Ἰωάννην ἦλθεν Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν», καὶ ὁ Λουκᾶς δὲ πρὶν ἄρξασθαι τῶν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ πράξεων, παραπλησίως ἐπιτηρεῖ, φάσκων ὡς ἄρα προσθεὶς Ἡρῴδης οἷς διεπράξατο πονηροῖς, «κατέκλεισε τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐν φυλακῇ». 3.24.11 παρακληθέντα δὴ οὖν τούτων ἕνεκά φασι τὸν ἀπόστολον Ἰωάννην τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν προτέρων εὐαγγελιστῶν παρασιωπηθέντα χρόνον καὶ τὰ κατὰ τοῦτον πεπραγμένα τῷ σωτῆρι ταῦτα δ' ἦν τὰ πρὸ τῆς τοῦ βαπτιστοῦ καθείρξεως τῷ κατ' αὐτὸν εὐαγγελίῳ παραδοῦναι, αὐτό τε τοῦτ' ἐπισημήνασθαι, τοτὲ μὲν φήσαντα· «ταύτην ἀρχὴν ἐποίησεν τῶν παραδόξων ὁ Ἰησοῦς», τοτὲ δὲ μνημονεύσαντα τοῦ βαπτιστοῦ μεταξὺ τῶν Ἰησοῦ πράξεων ὡς ἔτι τότε βαπτίζοντος ἐν Αἰνὼν ἐγγὺς τοῦ Σαλείμ, σαφῶς τε τοῦτο δηλοῦν ἐν τῷ λέγειν. «οὔπω γὰρ ἦν Ἰωάννης βεβλημένος 3.24.12 εἰς φυλακήν». οὐκοῦν ὁ μὲν Ἰωάννης τῇ τοῦ κατ' αὐτὸν εὐαγγελίου γραφῇ τὰ μηδέπω τοῦ βαπτιστοῦ εἰς φυλακὴν βεβλημένου πρὸς τοῦ Χριστοῦ πραχθέντα παραδίδωσιν, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ τρεῖς εὐαγγελισταὶ τὰ μετὰ τὴν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον κάθειρξιν τοῦ 3.24.13 βαπτιστοῦ μνημονεύουσιν· οἷς καὶ ἐπιστήσαντι οὐκέτ' ἂν δόξαι διαφωνεῖν ἀλλήλοις τὰ εὐαγγέλια τῷ τὸ μὲν κατὰ Ἰωάννην τὰ πρῶτα τῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ πράξεων περιέχειν, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ τὴν ἐπὶ τέλει τοῦ χρόνου αὐτῷ γεγενημένην ἱστορίαν· εἰκότως δ' οὖν τὴν μὲν τῆς σαρκὸς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν γενεαλογίαν ἅτε Ματθαίῳ καὶ Λουκᾷ προγραφεῖσαν ἀποσιωπῆσαι τὸν Ἰωάννην, τῆς δὲ θεολογίας ἀπάρξασθαι ὡς ἂν αὐτῷ πρὸς τοῦ θείου πνεύ3.24.14 ματος οἷα κρείττονι παραπεφυλαγμένης. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἡμῖν περὶ τῆς τοῦ κατὰ Ἰωάννην εὐαγγελίου γραφῆς εἰρήσθω, καὶ τῆς κατὰ Μάρκον δὲ ἡ γενομένη αἰτία ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν ἡμῖν 3.24.15 δεδήλωται· ὁ δὲ Λουκᾶς ἀρχόμενος καὶ αὐτὸς τοῦ κατ' αὐτὸν συγγράμματος τὴν αἰτίαν προύθηκεν δι' ἣν πεποίηται τὴν σύνταξιν, δηλῶν ὡς ἄρα πολλῶν καὶ ἄλλων προπετέστερον ἐπιτετηδευκότων διήγησιν ποιήσασθαι ὧν αὐτὸς πεπληροφόρητο λόγων, ἀναγκαίως ἀπαλλάττων ἡμᾶς τῆς περὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀμφηρίστου ὑπολήψεως, τὸν ἀσφαλῆ λόγον ὧν αὐτὸς ἱκανῶς τὴν ἀλήθειαν κατειλήφει ἐκ τῆς ἅμα Παύλῳ συνουσίας τε καὶ διατριβῆς καὶ τῆς τῶν λοιπῶν ἀποστόλων ὁμιλίας ὠφελημένος, διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου 3.24.16 παρέδωκεν εὐαγγελίου. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἡμεῖς περὶ τούτων· οἰκειότερον δὲ κατὰ καιρὸν διὰ τῆς τῶν ἀρχαίων παραθέσεως τὰ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις περὶ αὐτῶν εἰρημένα πειρασόμεθα δηλῶσαι. 3.24.17 τῶν δὲ Ἰωάννου γραμμάτων πρὸς τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ καὶ ἡ προτέρα τῶν ἐπιστολῶν παρά τε τοῖς νῦν καὶ τοῖς ἔτ' ἀρχαίοις ἀναμφί3.24.18 λεκτος ὡμολόγηται, ἀντιλέγονται δὲ αἱ λοιπαὶ δύο, τῆς δ' Ἀποκαλύψεως εἰς ἑκάτερον ἔτι νῦν παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς περιέλκεται ἡ δόξα· ὁμοίως γε μὴν ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἀρχαίων μαρτυρίας ἐν οἰκείῳ καιρῷ τὴν ἐπίκρισιν δέξεται καὶ αὐτή. 3.25.1 Εὔλογον δ' ἐνταῦθα γενομένους ἀνακεφαλαιώσασθαι τὰς δηλωθείσας τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης γραφάς. καὶ δὴ τακτέον ἐν πρώτοις τὴν ἁγίαν τῶν εὐαγγελίων τετρακτύν, οἷς ἕπεται ἡ τῶν Πρά3.25.2 ξεων τῶν ἀποστόλων γραφή· μετὰ δὲ ταύτην τὰς Παύλου καταλεκτέον ἐπιστολάς, αἷς ἑξῆς τὴν φερομένην Ἰωάννου προτέραν καὶ ὁμοίως τὴν Πέτρου κυρωτέον ἐπιστολήν· ἐπὶ τούτοις τακτέον, εἴ γε φανείη, τὴν Ἀποκάλυψιν Ἰωάννου, περὶ ἧς τὰ δόξαντα 3.25.3 κατὰ καιρὸν ἐκθησόμεθα. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἐν ὁμολογουμένοις· τῶν δ' ἀντιλεγομένων, γνωρίμων δ' οὖν ὅμως τοῖς πολλοῖς, ἡ λεγομένη Ἰακώβου φέρεται καὶ ἡ Ἰούδα ἥ τε Πέτρου δευτέρα ἐπιστολὴ καὶ ἡ ὀνομαζομένη δευτέρα καὶ τρίτη Ἰωάννου, εἴτε τοῦ εὐαγγελιστοῦ τυγχάνουσαι εἴτε καὶ ἑτέρου ὁμωνύμου ἐκείνῳ. 3.25.4 ἐν τοῖς νόθοις κατατετάχθω καὶ τῶν Παύλου Πράξεων ἡ γραφὴ ὅ τε λεγόμενος Ποιμὴν καὶ ἡ Ἀποκάλυψις Πέτρου καὶ πρὸς τούτοις ἡ φερομένη Βαρναβᾶ