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come together with one another for the fellowship of marriage. Let the bond of nature, the yoke through blessing, be a union of those who were separated. A viper, the fiercest of reptiles, comes for marriage to the sea moray, and having signaled its presence with a hiss, it calls it out from the depths for a marital embrace. And it obeys, and is united to the venomous one. What does my argument intend? That even if the spouse is harsh and savage in character, it is necessary for the partner to bear it, and on no pretext to consent to break the union. Violent? But a husband. A drunkard? But united according to nature. Harsh and disagreeable? But already your limb, and the most precious of limbs. 7.6 But let the husband also hear the exhortation that is fitting for him. The viper vomits out its venom, respecting the marriage; do you not put away the cruelty and inhumanity of your soul out of respect for the union? Or perhaps the example of the viper will serve us in another way, because the intercourse of the viper and the moray is a kind of adultery of nature. Let those, therefore, who plot against the marriages of others be taught what sort of reptile they are like. My one aim is that the Church be built up from every side. Let the passions of the licentious be restrained, being instructed by examples from the land and the sea. Here the weakness of my body and the lateness of the hour compel me to stop my discourse; since I had many more things worthy of wonder to add for those who love to listen concerning the things that grow in the sea; concerning the sea itself. How water is congealed into salt; how the precious stone, coral, is a green plant in the sea, but when it is brought out into the air, it hardens into the firmness of stone; from where nature placed the precious pearl in the most insignificant animal, the oyster. For what the treasures of kings desire, these things are scattered about shores and coasts and rough rocks, lying in the shells of oysters. From where do the pinna shellfish produce the golden fleece, which no dyer of colored fabrics has imitated to this day From where do the murex snails bestow the royal purple dyes on kings, which surpass even the flowers of the meadows in their beautiful color. Let the waters bring forth. And what of the necessary things has not been made? What of the luxurious things has not been bestowed on life? Some for the service of men; others, for the contemplation of the wonder concerning creation. Others are terrible, disciplining our indolence. God made the great sea creatures. They are not called great because they are larger than a shrimp or a sprat, but because they are equal in body mass to the greatest mountains; which often also give the appearance of islands, whenever one swims up to the very surface of the water. These creatures, however, being so large, do not live near coasts or shores, but inhabit the so-called Atlantic sea. Such are the animals created for our fear and astonishment. But if you should hear that the smallest little fish, the remora, so easily stops the largest ships carried by a fair wind with sails unfurled, that it keeps the ship motionless for a very long time as if rooted in the sea itself, do you not receive in this small thing the same proof of the power of the Creator? For not only are swordfish, and sawfish, and dogfish, and whales and hammerhead sharks terrible, but also the sting of the sea ray, even a dead one, and the sea hare are no less terrible, bringing swift and inevitable destruction. Thus the Creator wishes you to be watchful through all things, so that in hope toward God you might escape the harms from them. But let us run up from the depths and take refuge on the mainland. For somehow the wonders of creation, overtaking us one after another, like some waves, with their continuous and successive onrushes have brought our discourse underwater. And yet I would be surprised if our thought, encountering even greater marvels on the mainland, does not again, like Jonah, flee to the sea. But my discourse seems to have fallen into the

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ἀλλήλοις πρὸς κοινωνίαν γάμου συνέλθητε. Ὁ τῆς φύσεως δεσμὸς, ὁ διὰ τῆς εὐλογίας ζυγὸς, ἕνωσις ἔστω τῶν διεστώτων. Ἔχιδνα, τὸ χαλεπώτατον τῶν ἑρπετῶν, πρὸς γάμον ἀπαντᾷ τῆς θαλασσίας μυραίνης, καὶ συριγμῷ τὴν παρουσίαν σημήνασα ἐκκαλεῖται αὐτὴν ἐκ τῶν βυθῶν πρὸς γαμικὴν συμπλοκήν. Ἡ δὲ ὑπακούει, καὶ ἑνοῦται τῷ ἰοβόλῳ. Τί βούλεταί μοι ὁ λόγος; Ὅτι κἂν τραχὺς ᾖ κἂν ἄγριος τὸ ἦθος ὁ σύνοικος, ἀνάγκη φέρειν τὴν ὁμόζυγα, καὶ ἐκ μηδεμιᾶς προφάσεως καταδέχεσθαι τὴν ἕνωσιν διασπᾶν. Πλήκτης; Ἀλλ' ἀνήρ. Πάροινος; Ἀλλ' ἡνωμένος κατὰ τὴν φύσιν. Τραχὺς καὶ δυσάρεστος; Ἀλλὰ μέλος ἤδη σὸν, καὶ μελῶν τὸ τιμιώτατον. 7.6 Ἀκουέτω δὲ καὶ ὁ ἀνὴρ τῆς προσηκούσης αὐτῷ παραινέσεως. Ἡ ἔχιδνα τὸν ἰὸν ἐξεμεῖ, αἰδουμένη τὸν γάμον· σὺ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπηνὲς καὶ ἀπάνθρωπον οὐκ ἀποτίθεσαι αἰδοῖ τῆς ἑνώσεως; Ἢ τάχα τὸ τῆς ἐχίδνης ὑπόδειγμα καὶ ἑτέρως ἡμῖν χρησιμεύσει, ὅτι μοιχεία τίς ἐστι τῆς φύσεως ἡ τῆς ἐχίδνης καὶ τῆς μυραίνης ἐπιπλοκή. ∆ιδαχθήτωσαν οὖν οἱ τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις ἐπιβουλεύοντες γάμοις, ποταπῷ εἰσιν ἑρπετῷ παραπλήσιοι. Εἷς μοι σκοπὸς, πανταχόθεν οἰκοδομεῖσθαι τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν. Καταστελ λέσθω τὰ πάθη τῶν ἀκολάστων, καὶ ἐγγείοις καὶ θαλαττίοις ὑποδείγμασι παιδευόμενα. Ἐνταῦθά με στῆναι τοῦ λόγου ἥ τε τοῦ σώματος καταναγκάζει ἀσθένεια, καὶ τὸ τῆς ὥρας ὀψέ· ἐπεὶ πολλὰ ἔτι προσθεῖναι εἶχον τοῖς φιληκόοις θαύματος ἄξια περὶ τῶν φυομένων ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ· περὶ θαλάσσης αὐτῆς. Πῶς εἰς ἅλας τὸ ὕδωρ πήγνυται· πῶς ὁ πολυτίμητος λίθος τὸ κουράλλιον χλόη μέν ἐστιν ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ, ἐπειδὰν δὲ εἰς τὸν ἀέρα ἐξενεχθῇ, πρὸς λίθου στερρότητα μεταπήγνυται· πόθεν τῷ εὐτελεστάτῳ ζῴῳ τῷ ὀστρέῳ τὸν βαρύτιμον μαργαρίτην ἡ φύσις ἐνέθηκεν. Ἃ γὰρ ἐπιθυμοῦσι θησαυροὶ βασιλέων, ταῦτα περὶ αἰγιαλοὺς καὶ ἀκτὰς καὶ τραχείας πέτρας διέρριπται, τοῖς ἐλύτροις τῶν ὀστρέων ἐγκείμενα. Πόθεν τὸ χρυσοῦν ἔριον αἱ πίνναι τρέφουσιν, ὅπερ οὐδεὶς τῶν ἀνθοβάφων μέχρι νῦν ἐμιμήσατο Πόθεν αἱ κόχλοι τοῖς βασιλεῦσι τὰς ἁλουργίδας χαρίζονται, αἳ καὶ τὰ ἄνθη τῶν λειμώνων τῇ εὐχροίᾳ παρέδραμον. Ἐξαγαγέτω τὰ ὕδατα. Καὶ τί οὐ γέγονε τῶν ἀναγκαίων; τί δὲ οὐχὶ τῶν πολυτελῶν ἐχαρίσθη τῷ βίῳ; Τὰ μὲν εἰς ὑπηρεσίαν ἀνθρώπων· τὰ δὲ, εἰς θεωρίαν τοῦ περὶ τὴν κτίσιν θαύματος. Ἄλλα φοβερὰ, παιδαγωγοῦντα ἡμῶν τὸ ῥᾴθυμον. Ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὰ κήτη τὰ μεγάλα. Οὐκ ἐπειδὴ καρίδος καὶ μαινίδος μείζονα, διὰ τοῦτο μεγάλα εἴρηται, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ τοῖς μεγίστοις ὄρεσι τῷ ὄγκῳ τοῦ σώματος παρισάζεται· ἅ γε καὶ νήσων πολλάκις φαντασίαν παρέχεται, ἐπειδάν ποτε ἐπὶ τὴν ἄκραν ἐπιφάνειαν τοῦ ὕδατος ἀνανήξηται. Ταῦτα μέντοι τηλικαῦτα ὄντα οὐ περὶ ἀκτὰς, οὐδὲ αἰγιαλοὺς διατρίβει, ἀλλὰ τὸ Ἀτλαντικὸν λεγόμενον πέλαγος ἐνοικεῖ. Τοιαῦτά ἐστι τὰ πρὸς φόβον καὶ ἔκπληξιν ἡμετέραν δημιουργηθέντα ζῷα. Ἐὰν δὲ ἀκούσῃς ὅτι τὰ μέγιστα τῶν πλοίων ἡπλωμένοις ἱστίοις ἐξ οὐρίας φερόμενα τὸ μικρότατον ἰχθύδιον ἡ ἐχενηῒς οὕτω ῥᾳδίως ἵστησιν, ὥστε ἀκίνητον ἐπὶ πλεῖστον φυλάσσειν τὴν ναῦν ὥσπερ καταρριζωθεῖσαν ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ πελάγει, ἆρ' οὐχὶ καὶ ἐν τῷ μικρῷ τούτῳ τὴν αὐτὴν τῆς τοῦ κτίσαντος δυνάμεως λαμβάνεις ἀπόδειξιν; Οὐ γὰρ μόνοι ξιφίαι, καὶ πρίονες, καὶ κύνες, καὶ φάλαιναι καὶ ζύγαιναι, φοβεραὶ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τρυγόνος κέντρον τῆς θαλασσίας, καὶ ταύτης νεκρᾶς, καὶ λαγωὸς ὁ θαλάσσιος, οὐχ ἧττόν ἐστι φοβερὰ, ταχεῖαν καὶ ἀπαραίτητον τὴν φθορὰν ἐπιφέροντα. Οὕτω σε διὰ πάντων ἐγρηγορέναι ὁ κτίστης βούλεται, ἵν' ἐν τῇ πρὸς Θεὸν ἐλπίδι τὰς ἀπ' αὐτῶν βλάβας ἀποδιδράσκῃς. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἀνα δραμόντες ἐκ τῶν βυθῶν, ἐπὶ τὴν ἤπειρον καταφύγωμεν. Καὶ γάρ πως ἄλλα ἐπ' ἄλλοις καταλαβόντα ἡμᾶς τῆς δημιουργίας τὰ θαύματα, οἷόν τινα κύματα, ταῖς συνεχέσι καὶ ἐπαλ λήλοις ἐπιδρομαῖς ὑποβρόχιον ἡμῶν τὸν λόγον ἤγαγε. Καίτοι θαυμάσαιμι ἂν, εἰ μὴ μείζοσι τοῖς κατ' ἤπειρον παραδόξοις ἡ διάνοια ἡμῶν ἐντυχοῦσα, πάλιν κατὰ τὸν Ἰωνᾶν ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν δραπετεύσει. Ἔοικε δέ μοι ὁ λόγος ἐμπεσὼν εἰς τὰ