De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the Most High, from whom and through whom are our affairs. What then prevents me from ceasing after having said this one thing only, that if someone were to say that the sun has not yet seen elsewhere greater sufferings, he would not assert it unreasonably. And if I find one who will oppose me, yet here I will not be ashamed to speak, neither because of my deep old age nor my episcopate, but I will take a stand and, contending, I would not cast the arrow of rhetoric far from the mark. Such did this affair turn out to be, if I must conclude my speech in a tragic manner, where the suffering is worthy of a tragedy and can neither be fully represented in word nor endured in deed. May the whole matter have abated up to this point, lest we too hear that the wrath of God against us has not yet turned away, but His hand is still high and able to strike us down to death when brought down. But we shall not hear that the <wrath> of God remains against us, if we correct ourselves. And there will be correction for us, if we change from our exceedingly wicked life, because of which these things have come upon us. For let no self-loving mind deceive anyone, that we have been punished unjustly. 154 First, therefore, I review the proofs of my own evils standing before my eyes and I supplicate with prayers heard by God for the mercy of God, and somehow I make an appeal from justice to loving-kindness, being unable to stand, if the Lord should mark iniquities. Therefore, we must change as quickly as possible. For no longer, as I see, have most of us made the better change. Rather, we ourselves are ambitious to say, “Behold, here we are again; who is lord over us?” as if no one has decreed anything evil against us. O the dullness of perception in us, and may it not be for me to say insensibility, in not considering and getting rid of the causes from which thunderous evils were rained down upon us, by which, being reduced to ashes, we have had blows rubbed into us, from which we will not be healed even in many long years. And these are they—for I will not hesitate again, wielding the plow of my discourse, to till this spiritual land of mine and to cast the divine seed, as is customary—envies, the most ancient evil, the great shame of the most beautiful creature, the terrible sulfur of the fallen morning star, which helped to kindle the malevolent thunderbolt-striking among us; prideful conceits, akin to envy, upon which the, so to speak, pride-generating demon, having lifted us up and having been worshipped as if upon certain kingdoms, then cast down the many headlong into Tartarus; slanders, which directed deadly missiles against us; profound falsehood, on account of which the God of truth took His eyes away from us; love of money, on account of which, having been well justified, we were stripped of all our possessions, except for those who are still brooding in this den, and from there are emboldened against those who do not have dens where they may lay their heads; let them see to it lest some serpent, of the kind one ought to fear, creeping up, might render their den-matters useless so that they do not come to fruition in a new brood; the sycophancies in court, which the just one, utterly hating them, has brought to justice for us, for whom we could not invoke a preceding sycophancy; the incommensurate and heavy interests on moderate loans, by which the helpless were worn down, both the needy and those without substance, whom God, who gives light burdens and calls to rest those who labor and are heavy-laden, taking pity on them, sharpened a sword both from without and from within, making childless the fathers of such interest, who ought not even to have been begotten by fathers in the first place; and if fear of the treasuries also seized such men, we know it and they know it. 156 To the vile causes within us must also be added the contemptible and not long-lived, but ephemeral nature of friendship; whence being provoked, the savage barbarian inflicted upon us things to be lamented for a lifetime. To these must be joined also ingratitude, which is forgetful of all grace and, as it were, dies quickly, so that as soon as someone is shown mercy, the grace dies, according to the proverb. Therefore God has snatched away from us the graces with which for a long time our lot was adorned. And there must be added

πρέπων ἐστίν, ἀλλ' ἢ μόναις εὐχαριστίαις καὶ δόξῃ τῇ εἰς τὸν Ὕψιστον, ἐξ οὗ καὶ δι' οὗ τὰ ἡμέτερα. Τί δὲ δὴ κωλύει ἓν γοῦν τοῦτο μόνον εἰπόντα με πεπαύσεσθαι, ὡς εἴ τις ἐρεῖ μὴ ἂν ἰδέσθαι πω τὸν ἥλιον ἄλλοθι μείζω πάθη, οὐκ ἂν ἔξω λόγου ἀπισχυρίσαιτο. Καὶ εἴπερ εὑρήσω τὸν ἀντιπεσούμενον, ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα οὐκ αἰδέσομαι εἰς λαλιὰν οὔτε τὸ βαθὺ γῆρας οὔτε τὴν ἐπισκοπήν, ἀλλ' ἐνστήσομαι καὶ ἐπαγωνισάμενος οὐκ ἂν πόρρω σκοποῦ τὸ τῆς ῥητορείας βέλος ῥίψαιμι. Τοιόνδ' ἀπέβη τόδε πρᾶγμα, εἴ τι χρὴ τραγῳδικῶς συντελέσαι τὸν λόγον, ἔνθα τὸ πάθος τραγῳδίας ἄξιον καὶ οὔτε λόγῳ καθ' ὅλον οἷόν τε παραστῆναι οὔτε κατὰ ἔργον φέρεσθαι. Εἴη δὲ μέχρι τοῦδε λωφῆσαι τὸ πᾶν, μὴ καὶ ἀκούσωμεν καὶ αὐτοὶ ὡς οὐκέτι ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ καθ' ἡμῶν θυμὸς ἀπεστράφη, ἀλλ' ἔτι ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ὑψηλὴ καὶ οἵα τε κατενεχθεῖσα πατάξαι εἰς θάνατον. Οὐκ ἀκουσόμεθα δὲ μένειν <θυμὸν> Θεοῦ καθ' ἡμῶν, εἴπερ διορθωσόμεθα. ∆ιόρθωσις δὲ ἡμῖν ἔσται, εἰ μεταβαλώμεθα τοῦ περιπονήρου βίου, δι' ὃν ἡμῖν ταῦτα. Μηδένα γὰρ νοῦς πλανάτω φίλαυτος, ὡς οὐκ ἐνδίκως πεποινηλατήμεθα. 154 Πρῶτος οὖν ἐγὼ πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν ἱσταμένους τοὺς τῶν ἐμῶν κακιῶν ἐλέγχους ἀναθεωρῶ καὶ ποτνιῶμαι θεοκλυτῶν περὶ ἐλέους Θεοῦ καί πως ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου ἔφεσιν πρὸς τὸ φιλάνθρωπον τίθεμαι, μὴ ἔχων ὑφίστασθαι, εἴπερ ἀνομίας παρατηρεῖ κύριος. Μεταβλητέον οὖν ὅσον τάχος. Οὐκέτι γὰρ οἱ πλείους, ὡς βλέπω, μεταβολὴν τὴν χρηστοτέραν ἠλλάγμεθα. Μενοῦνγε φιλοτιμούμεθα καὶ αὐτοὶ λέγειν «ἰδοὺ καὶ πάλιν ἡμεῖς· τίς ἡμῶν κύριός ἐστιν;» ὡς μηδενὸς ἡμῖν φαῦλον ἐπιψηφισαμένου μηδέν. Ὢ τῆς ἐν ἡμῖν δυσαισθησίας, μή μοι δὲ γένοιτο καὶ ἀναισθησίας εἰπεῖν, ἐν τῷ μὴ τὰ αἴτια [καὶ] κατασκέψασθαι καὶ ἐκ ποδῶν ποιήσασθαι, ἀφ' ὧν ἡμῖν κατεβρέχθη κεραύνια κακά, δι' ὧν ἐκτεφρωθέντες πληγὰς ἐνετρίβημεν, ἅσπερ οὐκ ἂν οὐδ' εἰς μακροὺς ἐνιαυτοὺς ἀπαλθησόμεθα. Εἰσὶ δὲ ταῦτα, οὐ γὰρ ὀκνήσω καὶ πάλιν τὸ τοῦ λόγου χειρισάμενος ἄροτρον ἀναπολῆσαι τὴν κατ' ἐμὲ πνευματικὴν ταύτην γῆν καὶ τὸν θεῖον σπόρον, ὡς εἴθισται, καταβαλεῖν, οἱ φθόνοι, τὸ πρεσβύτατον κακόν, τὸ τοῦ καλλίστου ζῴου μέγα αἶσχος, τὸ δεινὸν τοῦ καταπεσόντος ἑωσφόρου θέειον, ὃ συνεφήψατο τῆς ἐν ἡμῖν κακοποιοῦ κεραυνώσεως· οἱ συγγέροντες τῷ φθόνῳ τῦφοι, εἰς οὓς ὁ, ὡς εἰπεῖν, τυφογέρων δαίμων ἀναβιβάσας ἡμᾶς καὶ προσκυνηθεὶς ὡς ἐπὶ βασιλείαις τισίν, εἶτα κατέρριψε κάτω κάρα βαλὼν τοὺς πολλοὺς [καὶ] εἰς Τάρταρον· αἱ διαβολαί, αἳ τὰς θανασίμους καθ' ἡμῶν ἀπεύθυναν βολάς· τὸ βαθὺ ψεῦδος, οὗ ἕνεκεν ὁ τῆς ἀληθείας θεὸς ἀπῆρε τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐξ ἡμῶν· τὸ φιλοχρήματον, οὗ κατ' αἰτίαν εὖ δεδικαιωμένοι πάντων χρημάτων ἀπεγυμνώθημεν, δίχα γε τῶν καὶ εἰσέτι τῷ φωλεῷ τούτῳ ἐπωαζόντων, κἀκεῖθεν καταθρασυνομένων τῶν μὴ φωλεοὺς ἐχόντων, ἔνθα κλινοῦσι τὰς κεφαλάς· οἳ βλεπέτωσαν μήποθεν ὄφις, ὁποίους χρὴ δεδιέναι, ὑφερπύσας ἀχρειώσῃ αὐτοῖς τὰ τῆς φωλείας ὡς μὴ τελεσφορηθῆναι εἰς νεόττευσιν· αἱ ἐπὶ δίκῃ συκοφαντίαι, ἃς ὑπερμισήσας ὁ δίκαιος ἐδικαίωσεν ἡμᾶς, οἷς οὐκ ἂν συκοφαντίαν προηγησαμένην ἐπικαλέσαιμεν· οἱ ἐπὶ δανείσμασι μετρίοις ἀσύμμετροι καὶ βαρεῖς τόκοι, οἷς οἱ ἀπάλαμνοι κατεπονοῦντο καὶ ἀπέριττοι καὶ ἀπεριουσίαστοι, οὓς ἐλεήσας ὁ τὰ ἐλαφρὰ φορτίζων Θεὸς καὶ τοὺς κοπιῶντας καὶ πεφορτισμένους προκαλούμενος εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν μάχαιραν κατηκόνησεν ἔξωθέν τε καὶ ἔσωθεν, ἀτεκνοῦσαν τοὺς τοῦ τοιούτου τόκου πατέρας, οἳ μηδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν σπαρῆναι πρὸς πατέρων ὤφειλον· εἰ δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ταμιείων φόβος τοὺς τοιούτους ἔσχε, καὶ οἴδαμεν καὶ οἴδασι. 156 Προσλογιστέον τοῖς φαύλοις ἐν ἡμῖν αἰτίοις καὶ τὸ τῆς φιλίας εὐπεριφρόνητον καὶ οὐ μακρόβιον, ἀλλ' ἐφήμερον· ὅθεν κεκινημένοι τὸ ἄγριον βάρβαρον διέθεντο εἰς ἡμᾶς τὰ διὰ βίου θρηνηθησόμενα. Συντακτέον τούτοις καὶ τὸ ἀχάριστον καὶ ἁπάσης χάριτος εὐεπίληστον καὶ οἶον θνῄσκειν ταχύ, ὡς ἅμα ἠλεῆσθαί τινα καὶ τεθνάναι τὴν χάριν κατὰ τὴν παροιμίαν. ∆ιὸ ἥρπασεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀφ' ἡμῶν τὰς χάριτας, αἷς ἐκ μακροῦ τὸ καθ' ἡμᾶς λάχος ὡράϊστο. Προσγραπτέον καὶ τὸ