HORTATORY ADDRESS TO THE GREEKS BY SAINT JUSTIN, PHILOSOPHER AND MARTYR.

 Alas, with my own eyes I see a dear man pursued around the wall and my heart grieves for him. And what he says about the other gods conspiring agains

 Artemis the archer, sister of the far-shooter. And against Leto stood the strong, helpful Hermes. These and such things Homer taught you about the god

 ...s of you you say have become of piety, some declaring water to be the beginning of all things, others air, others fire, others some other of the af

 Of all of them who had spoken, Thales, the eldest of them all, says that the principle of existing things is water for he says that all things are fr

 having denied it, later says in his conceptions that it is this very thing. Moreover, having formerly declared that everything that has come into bein

 having established for I do not attempt to prove these things from the divine histories among us alone, which you are not yet willing to believe beca

 to organize affairs in Egypt, but also to establish the warrior class with laws. And fourth, they say that Bocchoris the king became a lawgiver, a wis

 it happened that there were once God-fearing men, as you say the oracle declared: Only the Chaldeans obtained wisdom, and also the Hebrews, purely rev

 of wise men or orators, should one wish to make mention, he will find that they have written their own compositions in the letters of the Greeks. But

 it is fitting that it should appear clearly and manifestly. It is necessary, therefore, for you, O men of Greece, foreseeing the things to come and lo

 And in the Oracles it is thus: I adjure you, Heaven, the wise work of the great God, I adjure you, Voice of the Father, which He first uttered, When H

 the poem to fall from its meter, lest he should seem not to have first mentioned the name of the gods. But a little later he sets forth clearly and pl

 he should cause Meletus to be against himself, accusing him before the Athenians and saying: Plato does wrong and is a busybody, not believing in the

 that only disobedience was cast out, but not knowing that they were also persuaded that non-existent gods existed, they passed on the name of the gods

 light, constructs that which comes to be. But perhaps some, not wishing to abandon the doctrines of polytheism, will say that the demiurge himself sai

 having. For it does not seem to me that what was said by Phoenix was said simply: Not even if the god himself should promise me, scraping off old age,

 wishing to confirm what has been said of participation, Plato has written thus in these very words: God, then, as the old saying has it, holding the b

 having heard from one who had come back to life and was relating the things there, has written thus in his very words: For he said that he was present

 poetry, Diodorus, the most renowned of the historians, sufficiently teaches us. For he said that he, having been in Egypt, had learned that Nepenthes,

 to set up the battle-cry of much-lamented war They were eager to place Ossa upon Olympus, but upon Ossa Pelion with its shaking leaves, that heaven m

 and concerning the heaven that came into being that the created heaven, which he also named the firmament, this is the perceptible one that came into

 proclaimed by the name. For, fearing to call the gift of God Holy Spirit, lest he should seem to be an enemy of the Greeks by following the teaching

 supposed them to have the forms of men, you will find that they learned this also from the divine history. For since the history of Moses says, from t

 to you Socrates, the wisest of the wise, to whom even your oracle, as you yourselves say, testifies, saying: Of all men Socrates is the wisest, confes

 It will be easy for you to learn in part the true worship of God from the ancient Sibyl, who teaches you by oracles from some powerful inspiration, th

 it is clear that he said this about the oracle-givers, looking to the oracles of the Sibyl. For he spoke thus: When they succeed in saying many and gr

 Tatian's Address to the Greeks. Do not be so very hostile towards the barbarians, O men of Greece, nor be envious of their doctrines. For what pursuit

 very savagely, having imprisoned his own friend for not wanting to worship him, carried him around like a bear or a leopard. Indeed, he completely fol

 selecting places for their covetousness *** the prominent. But one ought not flatter the leaders with the prospect of kingship, but to wait until the

 I have chosen to order the unordered matter in you, and just as the Word, having been begotten in the beginning, in turn begot our creation for himsel

 not according to fate, but by the free will of those who choose, he foretold the outcomes of future events and he became a hinderer of wickedness thro

 with baubles of the earth he deceived the motherless and orphaned girl. Poseidon sails, Ares delights in wars, Apollo is a cithara player, Dionysus is

 of a kingdom, *** were turned into constellations by the shaping of letters? And how is Kronos, who was fettered and cast out of his kingdom, appointe

 of faith with glory become but the poor man and the most moderate, desiring the things that are his own, more easily gets by. Why, I ask, according to

 were zealous to be but the Lord of all allowed them to luxuriate until the world, having reached its end, should be dissolved, and the judge should a

 refusing a suffering god, they were shown to be fighters against God rather than God-fearing. You too are such men, O Greeks, talkative in words, but

 of the spirit But when the tabernacle is not of such a kind, man excels the beasts only in articulate speech, but in other respects his way of life i

 causes, when they happen, they ascribe to themselves, attacking whenever weariness overtakes them. But there are times when they themselves by a tempe

 For if it were so, much more would he ward off his own enemy from himself for being able to help others also, he will much more become his own avenge

 you? Therefore if you say that one ought not to fear death, sharing our doctrines, die not because of human vainglory, as Anaxarchus did, but for the

 Unable to explain those things, because of the impossibility of their theory, they have blamed the tides, and of the seas, one being weedy and the oth

 For what sort are your teachings? Who would not mock your public festivals, which, being celebrated under the pretext of wicked demons, turn men to di

 providing it, feeding it with the most ungodly bloodshed. For the robber kills for the sake of taking, but the rich man buys gladiators for the sake o

 dedications, and those who read are as with the jar of the Danaids. Why do you divide time for me, saying that one part of it is past, another present

 the conception which I have concerning all things, this I do not hide. Why do you advise me to deceive the state? Why, while saying to despise death,

 but again it will be dissolved, if we obey the word of God and do not scatter ourselves. For he has gained control of our possessions through a certai

 Archilochus flourished around the twenty-third Olympiad, in the time of Gyges the Lydian, five hundred years after the Trojan War. And concerning the

 the nonsense of affairs for the Greeks. For the pursuits of your customs are rather foolish through great glory and behave disgracefully through the w

 seeing the figures of the strife and of Eteocles, and not having thrown them into a pit with Pythagoras who made them, do you destroy along with them

 For what is difficult about men who have been shown to be ignorant being now refuted by a man of like passions? And what is strange, according to your

 maios. The time from Inachus until the capture of Ilium completes twenty generations and the proof is in this manner. The kings of the Argives were th

 our laws, and what the learned men among the Greeks have said, and how many and who they are who have mentioned them, will be shown in the treatise A

 God and what is the creation according to him, I present myself ready to you for the examination of the doctrines, while my way of life according to G

Archilochus flourished around the twenty-third Olympiad, in the time of Gyges the Lydian, five hundred years after the Trojan War. And concerning the times of the aforementioned poet, I mean Homer, and the disagreement and discord of those who have spoken about him, let what we have said in summary suffice for those who are able to examine these things precisely. For it is possible for anyone to show that the opinions concerning these accounts are also false; for among those with whom the chronological record is incoherent, it is not possible for their history to be true. For what is the cause of error in writing, if not the composing of things that are not true? But among us there is no desire for vainglory, and we do not make use of a variety of dogmas. For, having separated ourselves from common and earthly speech, and being obedient to the commands of God and following the law of a Father of incorruption, we reject everything that rests on human opinion, and not only the rich philosophize, but the poor also enjoy our instruction for free; for the things from God surpass any worldly gift in recompense. And so we welcome all who wish to listen, whether they are old women or young boys, and every age without exception is held in honor among us; but matters of licentiousness are far removed. And we, when we speak, do not lie; but it would be good if your persistence in unbelief were to come to an end. But if not, let our teachings be confirmed by the will of God, while you laugh, seeing that you will also weep. For how is it not absurd that, according to you, Nestor is admired for trying to fight on equal terms with the young, while slowly cutting the traces of the horses because of the feebleness and sluggishness of his age, while those among us who wrestle with old age and concern themselves with the things of God are laughed at? And who would not laugh at you, who say that the Amazons and Semiramis and certain other women were warriors, while you revile the virgins among us? Achilles was a youth and is believed to have been exceedingly noble; and Neoptolemus was younger, but he was strong; Philoctetes was weak, but divine providence had need of him against Troy. What sort of man was Thersites? Yet he served as a commander; and if his intemperate speech, which resulted from his ignorance, had not been a part of him, he would not have been slandered as pointy-headed and halting of speech. All who wish to philosophize *** among us, we who do not judge by what is seen, nor do we judge those who approach us by their appearance; for we have reckoned that strength of mind can be present in all, even if they are weak in body. But your ways are full of envy and great stupidity. For this reason I was eager to demonstrate from the things held in honor among you that our ways are sound, while your customs are possessed of great madness. For you who say that we talk nonsense among women and boys, virgins and old men, and who mock us because we are not with you, listen to the things from

Ἀρχίλοχος ἤκμασε περὶ Ὀλυμπιάδα τρίτην καὶ εἰκοστήν, κατὰ Γύγην τὸν Λυδόν, ὕστερον τῶν Ἰλιακῶν ἔτεσι πεντακοσίοις. καὶ περὶ μὲν τῶν χρόνων τοῦ προειρημένου ποιητοῦ, λέγω δὲ Ὁμήρου, στάσεώς τε τῶν εἰπόντων τὰ περὶ αὐτὸν καὶ ἀσυμφωνίας τοῖς ἐπ' ἀκριβὲς ἐξετάζειν δυναμένοις αὐτάρκως ἡμῖν ὡς ἐπὶ κεφαλαίων εἰρήσθω. δυνατὸν γὰρ παντὶ ψευδεῖς ἀποφήνασθαι καὶ τὰς περὶ τοὺς λόγους δόξας· παρ' οἷς γὰρ ἀσυνάρτητός ἐστιν ἡ τῶν χρόνων ἀναγραφή, παρὰ τούτοις οὐδὲ τὰ τῆς ἱστορίας ἀληθεύειν δυνατόν. τί γὰρ τὸ αἴτιον τῆς ἐν τῷ γράφειν πλάνης, εἰ μὴ τὸ συντάττειν τὰ μὴ ἀληθῆ; Παρ' ἡμῖν δὲ τῆς μὲν κενοδοξίας ὁ ἵμερος οὐκ ἔστιν, δογμάτων δὲ ποικιλίαις οὐ καταχρώμεθα. λόγου γὰρ τοῦ δημοσίου καὶ ἐπιγείου κεχωρισμένοι καὶ πειθόμενοι θεοῦ παραγ γέλμασι καὶ νόμῳ πατρὸς ἀφθαρσίας ἑπόμενοι, πᾶν τὸ ἐν δόξῃ κείμενον ἀνθρωπίνῃ παραιτούμεθα, φιλοσοφοῦσί τε οὐ μόνον οἱ πλουτοῦντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ πένητες προῖκα τῆς διδασκαλίας ἀπολαύουσιν· τὰ γὰρ παρὰ θεοῦ τῆς ἐν κόσμῳ δωρεᾶς ὑπερ παίει τὴν ἀμοιβήν. τοὺς δὲ ἀκροᾶσθαι βουλομένους πάντας οὕτως προσιέμεθα κἂν πρεσβύτιδες ὦσι κἂν μειράκια, πᾶσά τε ἁπαξαπλῶς ἡλικία παρ' ἡμῖν τυγχάνει τιμῆς· τὰ δὲ τῆς ἀσελ γείας πόρρω κεχώρισται. καὶ ἡμεῖς μὲν λέγοντες οὐ ψευδόμε θα· τὰ δὲ τῆς ὑμετέρας περὶ τὴν ἀπιστίαν ἐπιμονῆς καλὸν μὲν εἰ λαμβάνοι περιγραφήν· εἰ δ' οὖν, τὰ ἡμέτερα μὲν ἔστω θεοῦ γνώμῃ βεβαιούμενα, γελᾶτε δὲ ὑμεῖς, ὡς καὶ κλαύσοντες. πῶς γὰρ οὐκ ἄτοπον Νέστορα μὲν καθ' ὑμᾶς τῶν ἵππων τὰς πα ρηορίας βραδέως ἀποτέμνοντα διὰ τὸ ἄτονον καὶ νωθὲς τῆς ἡλικίας θαυμάζεσθαι πειρώμενον ἐπ' ἴσης τοῖς νέοις πολεμεῖν, τοὺς δὲ παρ' ἡμῖν τῷ γήρᾳ παλαίοντας καὶ τὰ περὶ θεοῦ πραγματευομένους γελᾶσθαι; τίς δὲ οὐκ ἂν γελάσειεν Ἀμαζόνας μὲν καὶ Σεμίραμιν καί τινας ἄλλας πολεμικὰς φασκόντων ὑμῶν γεγονέναι, τὰς δὲ παρ' ἡμῖν παρθένους λοιδορούντων; μειρά κιον ἦν ὁ Ἀχιλλεὺς καὶ γενναῖος εἶναι πεπίστευται σφόδρα· καὶ ὁ Νεοπτόλεμος νεώτερος, ἀλλὰ ἰσχυρὸς ἦν· Φιλοκτήτης ἀσθενής, ἀλλ' ἔχρῃζεν αὐτοῦ κατὰ Τροίας τὸ δαιμόνιον. ὁ Θερσίτης ὁποῖος ἦν; ἀλλ' ἐστρατήγει· τὸ δὲ ἀμετροεπὲς εἰ μὴ προσῆν αὐτῷ διὰ τὴν ἀμαθίαν, οὐκ ἂν ὡς φοξὸς καὶ ψεδνὸς διεβάλλετο. πάντες οἱ βουλόμενοι φιλοσοφεῖν *** παρ' ἡμῖν οἳ οὐ τὸ ὁρώμενον δοκιμάζομεν οὐδὲ τοὺς προσιόντας ἡμῖν ἀπὸ σχήματος κρίνομεν· τὸ γὰρ τῆς γνώμης ἐρρωμένον παρὰ πᾶσιν εἶναι δύνασθαι λελογίσμεθα κἂν ἀσθενεῖς ὦσι τοῖς σώμασι. τὰ δὲ ὑμέτερα φθόνου μεστὰ καὶ βλακείας πολλῆς. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο προὐθυμήθην ἀπὸ τῶν νομιζομένων παρ' ὑμῖν τιμίων παριστᾶν ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἡμέτερα σωφρονεῖ, τὰ δὲ ὑμέτερα ἔθη μανίας ἔχεται πολλῆς. οἱ γὰρ ἐν γυναιξὶ καὶ μειρακίοις παρθένοις τε καὶ πρεσβύταις φλυαρεῖν ἡμᾶς λέγοντες καὶ διὰ τὸ μὴ σὺν ὑμῖν εἶναι χλευάζοντες ἀκούσατε τῶν παρ'