John Chrysostom, On Matthew

swimming women and nature being made a show of, leaving Christ sitting by the spring? For even now He sits by the spring, not speaking with a Samaritan woman, but 57.80 with the entire city; or perhaps even now with a Samaritan woman alone. For no one is with Him even now; but some are here with their bodies only, others not even with them. But still He does not withdraw, but remains, and asks a drink of us, not water, but holiness; for He gives holy things to the holy. For neither does He offer us water from this spring, but living blood; and indeed it is a symbol of death, but it has become a cause of life. But you, leaving the spring of blood, the dread cup, go away to a diabolical spring, so as to see a harlot swimming, and suffer shipwreck of the soul. For that water is a sea of licentiousness, not making bodies sink, but working the shipwreck of souls. But she swims, baring her body, while you, watching, are plunged to the depth of licentiousness. For such is the devil’s net; it makes those not going down into the water itself, but sitting above, more submerged than those wallowing there, and it chokes them more grievously than Pharaoh, who was drowned then with his horses and chariots. And if it were possible to see souls, I would have shown you many floating on these waters, just like the bodies of the Egyptians then. But the more grievous thing is this, that they call such utter ruin a pleasure, and the sea of destruction they name a channel of delight. And yet one might more easily sail past the Aegean and Tyrrhenian sea with safety, than this spectacle. For first, through the whole night the devil seizes souls with anticipation; then having shown what was anticipated, he immediately bound them and made them captive. For do not think that because you did not have intercourse with the harlot, you are pure from sin; for in your eagerness you have accomplished the whole thing. For if you are seized by desire, you have kindled a greater flame; but if you feel nothing at what is seen, you are worthy of greater accusation, becoming a scandal to others by your encouragement of these spectacles, and shaming your own sight, and with your sight, your soul. But that we may not only censure, come let us also devise a way of correction. What then shall be the way? I want to hand you over to your own wives, so that they may instruct you. For it was necessary, according to the law of Paul, that you be the teachers; but since the order has been reversed through sin, and the body is above, while the head is below, let us choose even this way. But if you are ashamed having a woman as your teacher, flee from sin, and you will be able quickly to ascend the throne given to you by God. For as long as you transgress, Scripture sends you not only to a woman, but also to more worthless irrational creatures; and it is not ashamed to send the one honored with reason to be a student of the ant. For this is not an accusation against Scripture, but against those who so betray their own noble birth. This very thing we too 57.81 will do; and for now we will hand you over to your wife; but if you despise her, we will also send you to the school of the irrational creatures, and we will show how many birds, how many fish, how many four-footed animals and reptiles appear more modest and more chaste than you. But if you are ashamed at the comparison and blush, rise up to your proper nobility, and flee the sea of Gehenna and the river of fire, which is the swimming pool in the theater. For this swimming pool is the cause of that sea, and kindles that abyss of flame. 7. For if "he who looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery"; how is he who is forced to see her naked not made captive ten thousand times over? The flood in the time of Noah did not destroy the human race in this way, as these swimming women drown all there with much shame. For that rain, though it worked the death of the body, yet it cut off the wickedness of the soul; but this does the opposite, while the bodies remain, it destroys the soul. But you, when there is talk of precedence, you claim of the whole world

νηχομένας γυναῖκας καὶ φύσιν παραδειγματιζομένην, καταλιπὼν τὸν Χριστὸν παρὰ τὴν πηγὴν καθήμενον; Καὶ γὰρ καὶ νῦν παρὰ τὴν πηγὴν κάθηται, οὐ Σαμαρείτιδι διαλεγόμενος, ἀλλ' 57.80 ὁλοκλήρῳ πόλει· τάχα δὲ καὶ νῦν Σαμαρείτιδι μόνῃ. Οὐδεὶς γὰρ αὐτῷ πάρεστιν οὐδὲ νῦν· ἀλλ' οἱ μὲν τοῖς σώμασι μόνοις, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ αὐτοῖς. Ἀλλ' ὅμως αὐτὸς οὐκ ἀναχωρεῖ, ἀλλὰ μένει, καὶ παρ' ἡμῶν αἰτεῖ πιεῖν, οὐχ ὕδωρ, ἀλλ' ἁγιωσύνην· τὰ γὰρ ἅγια τοῖς ἁγίοις δίδωσιν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ὕδωρ ἀπὸ ταύτης ἡμῖν παρέχει τῆς πηγῆς, ἀλλ' αἷμα ζῶν· καὶ μὴν θανάτου ἐστὶ σύμβολον, ἀλλὰ ζωῆς γέγονεν αἴτιον. Σὺ δὲ ἀφεὶς τὴν πηγὴν τοῦ αἵματος, τὸ ποτήριον τὸ φρικῶδες, εἰς πηγὴν ἀπέρχῃ διαβολικὴν, ὥστε νηχομένην πόρνην ἰδεῖν, καὶ ναυάγιον ὑπομεῖναι ψυχῆς. Τὸ γὰρ ὕδωρ ἐκεῖνο πέλαγος ἀσελγείας ἐστὶν, οὐ σώματα ποιοῦν ὑποβρύχια, ἀλλὰ ψυχῶν ναυάγια ἐργαζόμενον. Ἀλλ' ἡ μὲν νήχεται γυμνουμένη τὸ σῶμα, σὺ δὲ ὁρῶν καταποντίζῃ πρὸς τὸν τῆς ἀσελγείας βυθόν. Τοιαύτη γὰρ ἡ τοῦ διαβόλου σαγήνη· οὐκ εἰς αὐτὸ κατιόντας τὸ ὕδωρ, ἀλλ' ἄνωθεν καθημένους τῶν ἐκεῖ καλινδουμένων μᾶλλον ὑποβρυχίους ποιεῖ, καὶ χαλεπώτερον ἀποπνίγει τοῦ Φαραὼ, τοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἵππων καὶ τῶν ἁρμάτων καταποντισθέντος τότε. Καὶ εἴγε ἦν ψυχὰς ἰδεῖν, πολλᾶς ἂν ὑμῖν ἔδειξα ἐπιπλεούσας τοῖς ὕδασι τούτοις, ὥσπερ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τότε τὰ σώματα. Ἀλλὰ τὸ χαλεπώτερον ἐκεῖνό ἐστιν, ὅτι καὶ τέρψιν τὴν τοιαύτην πανωλεθρίαν καλοῦσι, καὶ τὸ πέλαγος τῆς ἀπωλείας ἡδονῆς εὔριπον ὀνομάζουσι. Καίτοιγε εὐκολώτερον ἄν τις τὸ Αἰγαῖον καὶ Τυῤῥηνικὸν παραδράμοι πέλαγος μετὰ ἀσφαλείας, ἢ τὴν θεωρίαν ταύτην. Πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ δι' ὅλης νυκτὸς προλαμβάνει τῇ προσδοκίᾳ τὰς ψυχὰς ὁ διάβολος εἶτα δείξας τὸ προσδοκηθὲν, ἔδησεν εὐθέως καὶ αἰχμαλώτους ἐποίησε. Μὴ γὰρ ἐπειδὴ μὴ ἐμίγης τῇ πόρνῃ, καθαρὸς εἶναι νομίσῃς τῆς ἁμαρτίας· τῇ γὰρ προθυμίᾳ τὸ πᾶν ἀπήρτισας. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ὑπὸ ἐπιθυμίας κατέχῃ, μείζονα τὴν φλόγα ἀνῆψας· εἰ δὲ οὐδὲν πάσχεις πρὸς τὰ ὁρώμενα, μείζονος κατηγορίας εἶ ἄξιος, ἑτέροις σκάνδαλον γινόμενος τῇ τῶν θεαμάτων τούτων προτροπῇ, καὶ τὴν σεαυτοῦ καταισχύνων ὄψιν, καὶ μετὰ τῆς ὄψεως τὴν ψυχήν. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἵνα μὴ μόνον ἐπιτιμῶμεν, φέρε καὶ τρόπον ἐπινοήσωμεν διορθώσεως. Τίς οὖν ὁ τρόπος ἔσται; Ταῖς γυναιξὶν ὑμᾶς παραδοῦναι βούλομαι ταῖς ὑμετέραις, ἵνα αὗται ὑμᾶς παιδεύσωσιν. Ἔδει γὰρ, κατὰ τὸν τοῦ Παύλου νόμον, ὑμᾶς εἶναι τοὺς διδασκάλους· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἡ τάξις ἀντεστράφη διὰ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ ἄνω μὲν τὸ σῶμα, κάτω δὲ ἡ κεφαλὴ γέγονε, κἂν ταύτην ἑλώμεθα τὴν ὁδόν. Εἰ δὲ αἰσχύνῃ διδάσκαλον ἔχων γυναῖκα, φύγε τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, καὶ δυνήσῃ ταχέως ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον ἀναβῆναι τὸν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ σοι δοθέντα. Ὡς ἕως ἂν πλημμελῇς, οὐχὶ πρὸς γυναῖκα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς ἄλογά σε εὐτελέστερα πέμπει ἡ Γραφή· καὶ οὐκ αἰσχύνεται τὸν λόγῳ τετιμημένον τῷ μύρμηκι πέμπουσα μαθητήν. Οὐ γὰρ τῆς Γραφῆς τοῦτο κατηγορία, ἀλλὰ τῶν οὕτω τὴν ἑαυτῶν εὐγένειαν προδιδόντων. Τοῦτο δὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς 57.81 ποιήσομεν· καὶ νῦν μέν σε τῇ γυναικὶ παραδώσομεν· ἂν δὲ ταύτης καταφρονήσῃς, καὶ εἰς τὸ τῶν ἀλόγων διδασκαλεῖον ἀποστελοῦμεν, καὶ δείξομεν πόσοι μὲν ὄρνιθες, πόσοι δὲ ἰχθύες, πόσα δὲ τετράποδα καὶ ἑρπετὰ σοῦ σεμνότερα καὶ σωφρονέστερα φαίνεται. Εἰ δὲ αἰσχύνῃ τὴν σύγκρισιν καὶ ἐρυθριᾷς, ἀνάβηθι πρὸς τὴν οἰκείαν εὐγένειαν, καὶ τὸ τῆς γεέννης πέλαγος καὶ τὸν τοῦ πυρὸς ποταμὸν φύγε, τὴν ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ κολυμβήθραν. Αὕτη γὰρ ἡ κολυμβήθρα ἐκεῖνο τὸ πέλαγος προξενεῖ, καὶ τὴν ἄβυσσον ἐκείνην ἀνάπτει τῆς φλογός. ζʹ. Εἰ γὰρ Ὁ ἐμβλέπων γυναῖκα πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι, ἤδη ἐμοίχευσεν· ὁ καὶ γυμνὴν ἀναγκαζόμενος ἰδεῖν, πῶς οὐ μυριάκις αἰχμάλωτος γίνεται; Οὐχ οὕτως ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ Νῶε κατακλυσμὸς τὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀπώλεσε γένος, ὡς αὗται αἱ νηχόμεναι ἅπαντας ἐκεῖ μετὰ πολλῆς ἀποπνίγουσι τῆς αἰσχύνης. Ἐκεῖνος μὲν γὰρ ὁ ὑετὸς, εἰ καὶ θάνατον εἰργάσατο σώματος, ἀλλὰ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς κακίαν ἀνέκοψεν· οὗτος δὲ τοὐναντίον ποιεῖ, τῶν σωμάτων μενόντων, τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπόλλυσιν. Ὑμεῖς δὲ ὅταν μὲν προεδρίας ᾖ λόγος, ἀξιοῦτε τῆς οἰκουμένης