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to Jerusalem, Eliakim the son of Jesus. And in the same times was Hippasius, a Pythagorean philosopher; who first brought forth the sphere of heaven from the twelve signs of the zodiac, and having been shipwrecked at sea, he died. And at that time there was also Isocrates and Pericles and Thucydides who wrote of the war of the Peloponnesians and Athenians. And in the times of Thucydides there was also Pheidias the sculptor and Stesichorus and Bacchylides, who were inventors of dancing and poets, after the aforementioned philosophical men; and after a time the aforesaid of the Greeks were teachers. And after these also appeared Demosthenes and Aristophanes the comic poet. And after the reign of Darius the younger, Artaxerxes, called Mnemon, reigned over the Persians for 39 years. And of the Albans, Albas the son of Ascanius reigned for 36 years. and he founds the city Silpia; from then the kings were called Silvii 170; the same king Albas having transferred the Palladium to the same city Silpia. And thereafter those of the race of Aeneas, called the Aeneadae, reigned for 331 years. SEVENTH DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE FOUNDING OF ROME. And thereafter Romus, the founder of Rome, and Remus his brother reigned; whence they were renamed Romans. who, having also found the arms of Heracles of the race of Picus Zeus, deposited them in the city founded by them, Rome, formerly called the village Valentia, in the Boarium Forum in the temple of Picus Zeus, having locked them up there until now. And the same brothers renewed the so-called Palatium, the royal house of Pallas, and having built a great temple to Zeus they called it Capitolium in Latin, which is the head of the city; and bringing the Palladium, the wooden statue, from the city of Silpia they deposited it in Rome. which brothers, while reigning, came into enmity with each other; and Remus was murdered by Romus, and Romus reigned alone. 172 And from when he killed his own brother, the whole city of Rome was shaken and civil wars occurred during his reign. And the same Romus, going to the oracle, asked, "Why do these things happen during my sole reign?" And it was said to him by the Pythia that "Unless your brother is seated with you on the royal throne, your city Rome will not be stable, nor will the people be at peace, nor the war." And having made from the image of his same brother a golden bust, an impression of his face, or rather of his features, he placed it as a stele on his throne, where he sat. And thus he reigned for the remaining time, with the all-gold impression of his same brother Remus sitting with him; and the shaking of the city ceased and the popular tumult quieted. And whatever he would command, decreeing, he spoke as from himself and his brother, saying "We have commanded" and "We have decreed"; which custom has held from that time among the emperors until the present, to say "We have commanded" and "We have decreed." From then on he also sent to the cities under the Romans all-gold busts of himself and of his brother, so that they might be placed near the magistrates. And the same king Romus, after completing the walls and adorning the city, also built a temple to Ares; and in that same month he made a great festival of sacrifice to Ares, also calling the month itself Martius, formerly called Primus, which is inter 173 preted "of Ares." which festival all the Romans customarily celebrate until the

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τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ Ἐλιακεὶμ ὁ υἱὸς Ἰησοῦ. Ἐν δὲ τοῖς αὐτοῖς χρόνοις ἦν Ἱππάσιος, φιλόσοφος Πυθαγορικός· ὅστις τὴν σφαῖραν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πρῶτος ἐξήνεγκεν ἐκ τῶν δεκαδύο ζωδίων, καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν ναυαγήσας ἐτελεύτα. ἦν δὲ καὶ Ἰσοκράτης τότε καὶ Περικλῆς καὶ Θουκυδίδης ὁ συγγραψάμενος τὸν πόλεμον τῶν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων. ἐν δὲ τοῖς χρόνοις Θουκυδίδου ἦν καὶ Φειδίας ὁ ἀγαλματοποιὸς καὶ Στησίχορος καὶ Βακχυλίδης, οἳ ἦσαν ὀρχήσεως εὑρεταὶ καὶ ποιηταί, μετὰ τοὺς προειρημένους φιλοσόφους ἄνδρας· μετὰ δὲ χρόνον οἱ προῤῥηθέντες τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἦσαν παιδευταί. ἀναφαίνεται δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ ∆ημοσθένης καὶ Ἀριστοφάνης ὁ κωμῳδός. Μετὰ δὲ τὴν βασιλείαν ∆αρείου τοῦ νεωτέρου ἐβασίλευσε Περσῶν Ἀρταξέρξης ὁ Μνήμων καλούμενος ἔτη λθʹ. Ἀλβανῶν δὲ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἄλβας ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀσκανίου ἔτη λςʹ. καὶ κτίζει τὴν Σίλπιν πόλιν· ἀπὸ τότε οἱ βασιλεῖς Σίλβιοι 170 ἐκαλοῦντο· μεταγαγὼν ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ Σίλβει πόλει καὶ τὸ Παλλάδιον ὁ αὐτὸς Ἄλβας βασιλεύς. καὶ ἐβασίλευσαν λοιπὸν οἱ ἐκ τοῦ γένους τοῦ Αἰνείου, οἱ λεγόμενοι Αἰνειάδες, ἔτη τλαʹ. ΛΟΓΟΣ ΕΒ∆ΟΜΟΣ ΠΕΡΙ ΚΤΙΣΕΩΣ ΡΩΜΗΣ. Καὶ λοιπὸν ἐβασίλευσε Ῥῶμος ὁ κτίστης τῆς Ῥώμης καὶ Ῥημος ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ· ὅθεν μετεκλήθησαν Ῥωμαῖοι. οἵτινες καὶ τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ Ἡρακλέος τοῦ ἐκ τοῦ γένους τοῦ Πίκου ∆ιὸς εὑρηκότες, ἀπέθεντο ἐν τῇ παρ' αὐτῶν κτισθείσῃ πόλει Ῥώμῃ τῇ πρῴην λεγομένῃ κώμῃ Βαλεντίᾳ ἐν τῷ Βοαρίῳ φόρῳ εἰς τὸν ναὸν τοῦ Πίκου ∆ιός, ἀποκλείσαντες αὐτὰ ἐκεῖ ἕως ἄρτι. οἱ δὲ αὐτοὶ ἀδελφοὶ ἀνενέωσαν τὸ λεγόμενον Παλάντιον, τὸν βασιλικὸν οἶκον τὸν τοῦ Πάλλαντος, καὶ ναὸν μέγαν τῷ ∆ιὶ κτίσαντες ἐκάλεσαν αὐτὸν Καπετώλιον ῥωμαϊστί, ὅ ἐστιν ἡ κεφαλὴ τῆς πόλεως· ἀγαγόντες δὲ τὸ Παλλάδιον τὸ ξόανον ἀπὸ πόλεως Σίλβης ἀπέθεντο αὐτὸ ἐν τῇ Ῥώμῃ. οἵτινες ἀδελφοὶ ἐν τῷ βασιλεύειν εἰς ἔχθραν ἦλθον πρὸς ἀλλήλους· καὶ ἐφονεύθη ὁ Ῥῆμος ὑπὸ τοῦ Ῥώμου, καὶ ἐβασίλευσε μόνος ὁ Ῥῶμος. 172 Ἐξότε δὲ ἀπέκτεινε τὸν ἴδιον αὐτοῦ ἀδελφόν, ἐσείετο ἡ πόλις πᾶσα Ῥώμη καὶ ἐγίνοντο πόλεμοι ἐμφύλιοι ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ βασιλείας. καὶ ἀπελθὼν ὁ αὐτὸς Ῥῶμος εἰς τὸ μαντεῖον ἐπηρώτησε, ∆ιὰ τί γίνεται ἐπὶ τῆς ἐμῆς μόνης βασιλείας ταῦτα; καὶ ἐῤῥέθη αὐτῷ ἐκ τῆς Πυθίας ὅτι Εἰ μὴ συγκαθεσθῇ σοι ὁ σὸς ἀδελφὸς ἐν τῷ βασιλικῷ θρόνῳ, οὐ μὴ σταθῇ ἡ πόλις σου Ῥώμη οὔτε ἡσυχάσει ὁ δῆμος οὔτε ὁ πόλεμος. καὶ ποιήσας ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ἐκτύπωμα τοῦ προσώπου, ἤτοι χαρακτῆρος, αὐτοῦ, χρυσοῦν στηθάριον, στήλην ἔθηκεν ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ αὐτοῦ, ἔνθα ἐκάθητο. καὶ οὕτως ἐβασίλευσε τὸν ὑπόλοιπον χρόνον, συγκαθημένου αὐτῷ τοῦ ὁλοχρύσου ἐκτυπώματος τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀδελφοῦ Ῥήμου· καὶ ἐπαύσατο ὁ σεισμὸς τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἡσύχασεν ἡ δημοτικὴ ταραχή. καὶ εἴ τι δὲ ἂν ἐκέλευε θεσπίζων, ἔλεγεν ὡς ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ, λέγων Ἐκελεύσαμεν καὶ Ἐθεσπίσαμεν· ὅπερ ἔθος κατέσχεν ἐξ ἐκείνου παρὰ τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἕως τοῦ παρόντος, τὸ λέγειν Ἐκελεύσαμεν καὶ ἐθεσπίσαμεν. ἐκτότε καὶ εἰς τὰς πόλεις τὰς ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους ἔπεμψε στηθάρια ὁλόχρυσα αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ, ὥστε τίθεσθαι πλησία τῶν ἀρχόντων. Ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς Ῥῶμος βασιλεὺς μετὰ τὸ πληρῶσαι τὰ τείχη καὶ κοσμῆσαι τὴν πόλιν ἔκτισε καὶ τῷ Ἄρηι ναόν· καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ μηνὶ ἐποίησεν ἑορτὴν μεγάλην θυσίας τῷ Ἄρηι, καλέσας καὶ τὸν μῆνα αὐτὸν μάρτιον, τὸν πρῴην λεγόμενον πρῖμον, ὅπερ ἑρμη 173 νεύεται Ἄρεως. ἥνπερ ἑορτὴν κατ' ἔθος οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι πάντες ἐπιτελοῦσιν ἕως τῆς