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do you demand an account, and condemn beforehand? Consider the things you have done in your life, O man, enter into your own conscience; and not only will you not praise your verdict, but you will also change your mind, and you will approve the loving-kindness of His long-suffering, and you will be grateful for His 63.636 forbearance, marveling at His patience. For if each one were to be required to pay the penalty for their transgressions at the very moment of their sins, our race would not have lasted, having long ago been snatched away. Let us not then, brothers, be downcast; for we do not care for our own salvation as much as He who made us, nor are we so concerned with suffering no evil, as is God who graciously gave us our soul. For God does not always leave men in misfortunes, lest they grow weary, nor in ease, lest they become more indolent; but by alternations He diversifies their salvation. For if a ship without a pilot cannot hold together, but is easily sunk; how could the world have held together for so long a time, with no one governing it? And, to say nothing more, consider the world to be a ship, the earth to be its keel, the heaven its sail, men its passengers, the underlying abyss the sea; how then for so many years has there been no shipwreck? Leave a ship then for one day without a pilot and sailors, and you will see it immediately sunk. But the world has suffered nothing of the sort, having now five thousand and many more years. And why do I say a ship? Someone has built a small hut in the vineyards, and when the fruit was gathered, left it deserted, and often it does not last even two days, but is quickly dismantled and collapses. Then a hut cannot stand without one caring for it; how then could a creation so great, so beautiful and wonderful, have remained for so long a time without failing, without some providence? Consider for me the beauty of the heaven, how long it has existed and has not been dimmed; consider for me the power of the earth, how its womb has not grown weak, though bearing for so long a time; consider for me the springs, how they gush forth, and have not failed since they came to be; consider for me the sea, how receiving so many rivers it has not exceeded its measure. It is fitting to say for each of the things mentioned: How magnificent are your works, O Lord! In wisdom you have made them all. For how is it not absurd, when sitting beside a carpenter, and watching him split and saw wood, not to demand a reason or an account; and not to be inquisitive about a physician cauterizing and cutting flesh, and confining the sick person in a small room, and choking him with hunger, but to be quiet and silent, but to be inquisitive and meddlesome about the ineffable wisdom, the ineffable love for mankind? And though they would not readily choose to help by giving money for the poor who are wronged; they examine thoroughly, why this man is poor, why that man is a beggar, why that man is rich. Do you not bow your head and condemn yourself, and put a bridle on your tongue, and restrain your thought, and leaving off meddling in these things, turn this inquisitiveness upon your own life? Peer into the things you have done, into the sea of your sins; and if you are inquisitive and meddlesome, demand of yourself an account of the words, of the deeds, which you have spoken wrongly, which you have done wrongly. But now you leave yourself unexamined, while you sit in judgment on God 63.637, and add sins to your sins. And how are these things not worthy of punishment? May it be that we all escape it, by the grace 63.638 and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and power for ever and ever. Amen.

HOMILY XI. Concerning Wealth and Poverty.

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τὰς εὐθύνας ἀπαιτεῖς, καὶ προλαβὼν καταγινώσκεις; Ἐννόησον τὰ σαυτῷ βεβιωμένα, ἄνθρωπε, εἰς τὸ σὸν εἴσελθε συνειδός· καὶ οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐπαινέσεις σου τὴν ψῆφον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μεταθήσῃ τὴν γνώμην, καὶ τῆς μακροθυμίας ἀποδέξῃ τὸν φιλάνθρωπον, καὶ χάριν εἴσῃ τῆς 63.636 ἀνοχῆς, θαυμάσας τῆς ἀνεξικακίας αὐτόν. Εἰ γὰρ ἔμελλεν ἕκαστος παρ' αὐτὰ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα δίκην ἀπαιτεῖσθαι τῶν πεπλημμελημένων, οὐκ ἂν ἡμῶν ἔφθασε τὸ γένος πάλαι ἀνάρπαστον γενόμενον. Μὴ τοίνυν, ἀδελφοὶ, καταπέσωμεν· οὐ γὰρ οὕτω φροντίζομεν τῆς ἡμετέρας σωτηρίας, ὡς ὁ ποιήσας ἡμᾶς, καὶ οὐχ οὕτως ἡμῖν μέλει τοῦ μηδὲν παθεῖν δεινὸν, ὡς τῷ τὴν ψυχὴν ἡμῖν χαρισαμένῳ Θεῷ. Οὔτε γὰρ ἐν συμφοραῖς ἀφίησιν ἀεὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ὁ Θεὸς, ἵνα μὴ ἀποκάμωσιν, οὔτε ἐν ἀνέσει, ἵνα μὴ ῥᾳθυμότεροι γένωνται· ἀλλὰ ταῖς ἐναλλαγαῖς ποικίλλει τὴν σωτηρίαν αὐτῶν. Εἰ γὰρ πλοῖον ἄνευ κυβερνήτου οὐ συνίσταται, ἀλλὰ καταποντίζεται εὐκόλως· ὁ κόσμος πῶς ἂν συνέστη ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον χρόνον, μηδενὸς αὐτὸν κυβερνῶντος; Καὶ ἵνα μηδὲν πλέον εἴπω, νόμισον πλοῖον εἶναι τὸν κόσμον, τρόπιν ὑποκεῖσθαι τὴν γῆν, ἱστίον τὸν οὐρανὸν, ἐπιβάτας τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, πέλαγος τὴν ὑποκειμένην ἄβυσσον· πῶς οὖν ἐπὶ τοσούτους χρόνους ναυάγιον οὐκ ἐγένετο; Ἔασον γοῦν πλοῖον μίαν ἡμέραν χωρὶς κυβερνήτου καὶ ναυτῶν, καὶ ὄψει καταποντιζόμενον εὐθέως. Ἀλλ' ὁ κόσμος οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον ἔπαθε, πεντακισχίλια καὶ πολλῷ πλείονα λοιπὸν ἔχων ἔτη. Καὶ τί λέγω πλοῖον; καλύβην μικρὰν ἐπήξατό τις ἐν ταῖς ἀμπέλοις, καὶ τοῦ καρποῦ συνερανισθέντος ἀφῆκεν ἔρημον, καὶ οὐδὲ δύο πολλάκις διαμένει ἡμέρας, ἀλλὰ καὶ διαλύεται καὶ καταπίπτει ταχέως. Εἶτα καλύβη μὲν οὐκ ἂν στῇ χωρὶς τοῦ προνοοῦντος αὐτήν· δημιούργημα δὲ τοσοῦτον οὕτω καλὸν καὶ θαυμαστὸν, πῶς ἂν διέμεινεν ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ἀδιάπτωτον χρόνον, χωρὶς προνοίας τινός; Ἐννόησόν μοι τὸ κάλλος τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, πόσον ἔχει χρόνον καὶ οὐκ ἠμαυρώσθη· ἐννόησόν μοι τῆς γῆς τὴν δύναμιν, πῶς οὐκ ἠτόνησεν αὐτῆς ἡ γαστὴρ, τοσοῦτον τίκτουσα χρόνον· ἐννόησόν μοι τὰς πηγὰς, πῶς ἀναβλύζουσι, καὶ οὐκ ἀπέλιπον ἐξ οὗ γεγόνασιν· ἐννόησόν μοι τὴν θάλασσαν, πόσους δεχομένη ποταμοὺς οὐχ ὑπερέβη τὸ μέτρον. Ἄξιον ἐφ' ἑκάστου τῶν εἰρημένων λέγειν· Ὡς ἐμεγαλύνθη τὰ ἔργα σου, Κύριε! πάντα ἐν σοφίᾳ ἐποίησας. Πῶς γὰρ οὐκ ἄτοπον, τέκτονι μὲν παρακαθήμενοι, καὶ διακλῶντα ξύλα καὶ διαπρίζοντα θεώμενοι, μὴ ἀπαιτεῖν λόγον μηδὲ εὐθύνας· καὶ ἰατρὸν καίοντα καὶ τέμνοντα σάρκας, καὶ ἐν οἰκίσκῳ κατακλείοντα, καὶ λιμῷ ἄγχοντα τὸν κάμνοντα, μὴ περιεργάζεσθαι, ἀλλ' ἡσυχάζειν καὶ σιωπᾷν, τὴν δὲ ἄφατον σοφίαν, τὴν ἄφατον φιλανθρωπίαν περιεργάζεσθαι καὶ πολυπραγμονεῖν; Καὶ βοηθῆσαι μὲν προέσθαι χρήματα ὑπὲρ ἀδικουμένων πενομένων οὐκ ἂν ῥᾳδίως ἕλοιντο· ἐξετάζουσι δὲ διόλου, διὰ τί ὁ δεῖνα πένης, διὰ τί ὁ δεῖνα πτωχὸς, διὰ τί ὁ δεῖνα πλούσιος. Οὐ κύπτεις κάτω καὶ καταγινώσκεις σαυτοῦ, καὶ ἐπιτιθεῖς χαλινὸν τῇ γλώσσῃ, καὶ καταστέλλεις τὴν διάνοιαν, καὶ ἀφεὶς τὸ ταῦτα πολυπραγμονεῖν, τὴν περιεργίαν ταύτην ἐπὶ τὸν βίον στρέφεις τὸν σόν; ∆ιάκυψον εἰς τὰ πεπραγμένα σοι, εἰς τὸ πέλαγος τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων σου· καὶ εἰ περίεργος εἶ καὶ πολυπράγμων, ἀπαίτησον σαυτὸν εὐθύνας τῶν ῥημάτων, τῶν πραγμάτων, ὧν κακῶς εἶπας, ὧν κακῶς ἐποίησας. Νῦν δὲ σαυτὸν μὲν ἀνεξέταστον ἀφίης, τῷ Θεῷ 63.637 δὲ κάθῃ δικάζων, καὶ προστίθης σου τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασιν ἁμαρτήματα. Καὶ πῶς ταῦτα οὐκ ἄξια κολάσεως; Ἣν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἀποφυγεῖν, χάριτι 63.638 καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

ΛΟΓΟΣ ΙΑʹ. Περὶ πλούτου καὶ πενίας.