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to travel with them, neither going down, nor going up, hinting that they have a great fellow traveler, the child that was born; who also changed all things at once upon appearing, and prepared His enemies to minister many things toward this economy. For both Magi and barbarians, having forsaken their ancestral superstition, come to worship; and Augustus ministers to the birth in Bethlehem, through the decree of the census; Egypt saves Him, receiving Him as a fugitive and one plotted against, and receives a certain occasion for intimacy with Him; so that when she is about to hear Him being proclaimed by the Apostles, she may also glory in this, as having been the first to receive Him. And yet this preeminence belonged to Palestine alone; but this one became more fervent than that one. And now if you go into the desert of Egypt, you will see this desert has become better than any paradise, and countless choirs of angels in human forms, and communities of martyrs, and gatherings of virgins; and all the tyranny of the devil destroyed, but the kingdom of Christ shining brightly. And the mother of poets and sophists and magicians, and the one that invented every kind of sorcery and handed it down to others, this one you will now see glorying in the fishermen, and despising all of those, but carrying the publican and the tentmaker everywhere, and putting forth the cross. And these good things are not only in the cities, but also in the deserts more than in the cities. For it is possible to see everywhere in that land the camp of Christ, and the royal flock, and the polity of the powers above; and these things one might find prevailing not only among men, but also in the female nature. For they too practice philosophy no less than men, not taking up a shield and mounting a horse, as the venerable lawgivers and philosophers of the Greeks command, but undertaking another much more difficult battle. For the war against the devil and the authorities is common to them and men; and nowhere does the softness of their nature become an impediment in such encounters; for these contests are judged not by the nature of bodies, but by the choice of the soul. For this reason women have often contended more than men, and have set up more splendid trophies. The heaven 57.88 is not so brilliant with its varied choir of stars, as is the desert of Egypt, showing us from every side the tents of the monks. 5. If anyone knows that ancient Egypt, that god-fighting and mad country, the slave of cats, the one that feared and trembled at onions, he will know well the strength of Christ. Or rather, we have no need of old tales; for even now remnants of that foolishness remain as proof of its former madness. But nevertheless these people, who in old times were all broken off into such madness, philosophize about heaven and the things beyond heaven, and laugh at their ancestral customs, and count their forefathers wretched, and take no account of the philosophers. For they have learned through the things themselves, that the discoveries of those men are the inventions of drunken old women, but that the true philosophy and that worthy of the heavens is this which was announced to them by the fishermen. For this reason, along with such exactness of doctrine, they also show great diligence in their life. For having stripped off all their possessions, and been crucified to the whole world, they press on even further, using the labor of their body for the nourishment of those in need. For neither, because they fast and keep vigil, do they think it right to be idle during the day; but they spend their nights in sacred hymns and all-night vigils, and their days in prayers and at the same time in work with their hands, imitating the apostolic zeal. For if he, with the world looking to him, in order to feed those in need, both took up a workshop, and practiced a trade, and did not sleep even at night while doing this;

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αὐτοῖς συνοδοιπορεῖν, οὔτε κατιοῦσιν, οὔτε ἀνιοῦσιν, αἰνιττόμενος ὅτι μέγαν ἔχουσι συνοδοιπόρον, τὸ τεχθὲν παιδίον· ὃς καὶ τὰ πράγματα πάντα μετέβαλεν ὁμοῦ φανεὶς, καὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς παρεσκεύασε πολλὰ πρὸς τὴν οἰκονομίαν διακονήσασθαι ταύτην. Καὶ γὰρ μάγοι καὶ βάρβαροι τὴν πατρῴαν δεισιδαιμονίαν ἀφέντες, ἔρχονται προσκυνήσοντες· καὶ ὁ Αὔγουστος ὑπηρετεῖται τῷ ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τόκῳ, διὰ τοῦ προστάγματος τῆς ἀπογραφῆς· ἡ Αἴγυπτος διασώζει δεξαμένη φεύγοντα καὶ ἐπιβουλευόμενον, καὶ λαμβάνει τινὰ τῆς πρὸς αὐτὸν οἰκειώσεως ἀφορμήν· ἵν' ὅταν μέλλῃ κηρυττόμενον αὐτὸν ἀκούειν παρὰ τῶν Ἀποστόλων, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ καλλωπίζηται, ἅτε αὐτὸν δεξαμένη πρώτη. Καὶ μὴν τῆς Παλαιστίνης ἦν τὸ προτέρημα τοῦτο μόνης· ἀλλ' αὕτη θερμοτέρα ἐκείνης γέγονε. Καὶ νῦν ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον τῆς Αἰγύπτου, παραδείσου παντὸς βελτίω τὴν ἔρημον ταύτην ὄψει γεγενημένην, καὶ χοροὺς ἀγγέλων μυρίους ἐν ἀνθρωπίνοις σχήμασι, καὶ δήμους μαρτύρων, καὶ συλλόγους παρθένων· καὶ πᾶσαν μὲν τοῦ διαβόλου τὴν τυραννίδα καταλελυμένην, τὴν δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ βασιλείαν διαλάμπουσαν. Καὶ τὴν ποιητῶν καὶ σοφῶν καὶ μάγων μητέρα, καὶ τὴν πᾶν εἶδος μαγγανείας εὑροῦσαν καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις διαδοῦσαν, ταύτην ὄψει νῦν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἁλιεῦσι καλλωπιζομένην, καὶ ἐκείνων μὲν καταφρονοῦσαν ἁπάντων, τὸν δὲ τελώνην καὶ σκηνοποιὸν πανταχοῦ περιφέρουσαν, καὶ τὸν σταυρὸν προβαλλομένην. Καὶ ταῦτα οὐκ ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι μόνον τὰ ἀγαθὰ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις μᾶλλον ἢ ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι. Καὶ γὰρ ἔστιν ἰδεῖν πανταχοῦ τῆς χώρας ἐκείνης τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὸ στρατόπεδον, καὶ τὴν βασιλικὴν ἀγέλην, καὶ τὴν τῶν ἄνω δυνάμεων πολιτείαν· καὶ ταῦτα οὐκ ἐπ' ἀνδράσι μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν γυναικείᾳ φύσει κρατοῦντα εὕροι τις ἄν. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐκεῖναι οὐχ ἧττον ἀνδρῶν φιλοσοφοῦσιν, οὐκ ἀσπίδα λαμβάνουσαι καὶ ἀναβαίνουσαι ἵππον, καθάπερ οἱ σεμνοὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων κελεύουσι νομοθέται καὶ φιλόσοφοι, ἀλλ' ἑτέραν πολὺ χαλεπωτέραν ἀναδεχόμεναι μάχην. Κοινὸς γὰρ αὐταῖς καὶ ἀνδράσιν ὁ πόλεμος πρὸς τὸν διάβολον καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας· καὶ οὐδαμοῦ τὸ τῆς φύσεως ἁπαλὸν ἐμπόδιον γίνεται ταῖς τοιαύταις συμβολαῖς· οὐ γὰρ σωμάτων φύσει, ἀλλὰ ψυχῆς προαιρέσει ταῦτα κρίνεται τὰ παλαίσματα. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ γυναῖκες ἀνδρῶν μᾶλλον ἠγωνίσαντο πολλάκις, καὶ φαιδρότερα τρόπαια ἔστησαν. Οὐχ οὕτως ἐστὶ λαμπρὸς ὁ 57.88 οὐρανὸς τῷ ποικίλῳ τῶν ἄστρων χορῷ, ὡς ἡ ἔρημος Αἰγύπτου, τὰς σκηνὰς πανταχόθεν ἡμῖν δεικνύουσα τῶν μοναχῶν. εʹ. Εἴ τις τὴν παλαιὰν Αἴγυπτον ἐκείνην, τὴν θεομάχον καὶ μαινομένην, τὴν τῶν αἰλούρων δούλην, τὴν κρόμμυα δεδοικυῖαν καὶ τρέμουσαν οἶδεν, οὗτος εἴσεται καλῶς τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὴν ἰσχύν. Μᾶλλον δὲ οὐ χρεία ἡμῖν παλαιῶν διηγημάτων· ἔτι γὰρ καὶ νῦν τῆς ἀνοήτου ἐκείνης λείψανα μένει πρὸς ἀπόδειξιν τῆς προτέρας μανίας. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὗτοι οἱ τὸ παλαιὸν πάντες πρὸς τοσαύτην ἀποῤῥαγέντες μανίαν, περὶ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῶν ὑπὲρ οὐρανὸν φιλοσοφοῦσι πραγμάτων, καὶ καταγελῶσι τῶν πατρῴων ἐθῶν, καὶ τοὺς προγόνους ταλανίζουσι, καὶ τῶν φιλοσόφων οὐδένα ποιοῦνται λόγον. Ἔμαθον γὰρ διὰ τῶν πραγμάτων αὐτῶν, ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἐκείνων γραϊδίων μεθυόντων ἐστὶν εὑρέματα, ἡ δὲ ὄντως φιλοσοφία καὶ τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀξία αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ διὰ τῶν ἁλιέων αὐτοῖς καταγγελθεῖσα. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο μετὰ τῆς τοσαύτης ἀκριβείας τῶν δογμάτων, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ βίου πολλὴν ἐνδείκνυνται σπουδήν. Τὰ γὰρ ὄντα ἀποδυσάμενοι πάντα, καὶ τῷ κόσμῳ σταυρωθέντες παντὶ, καὶ περαιτέρω πάλιν ἐλαύνουσι, τῇ τοῦ σώματος ἐργασίᾳ πρὸς τὴν τῶν δεομένων ἀποχρώμενοι τροφήν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐπειδὴ νηστεύουσι καὶ ἀγρυπνοῦσιν, ἀργεῖν μεθ' ἡμέραν ἀξιοῦσιν· ἀλλὰ τὰς μὲν νύκτας τοῖς ἱεροῖς ὕμνοις καὶ ταῖς παννυχίσι, τὰς δὲ ἡμέρας εἰς εὐχάς τε ὁμοῦ καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν χειρῶν ἐργασίαν καταναλίσκουσι, τὸν ἀποστολικὸν μιμούμενοι ζῆλον. Εἰ γὰρ ἐκεῖνος, τῆς οἰκουμένης πρὸς αὐτὸν βλεπούσης, ἵνα τοὺς δεομένους διατρέφῃ, καὶ ἐργαστήριον κατέλαβε, καὶ τέχνην μετεχείρισε, καὶ οὐδὲ τὰς νύκτας ἐκάθευδε τοῦτο ποιῶν·