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he was speaking of himself. which indeed elsewhere he made clear through a parable about himself, 3.4.7 saying, “the sower went out to sow”; for from where did he go out, if not from the inmost kingdoms of the paternal divinity? And according to the same reasoning the Holy Spirit, always standing beside the throne of God, since indeed “ten thousand times ten thousand” stood beside him according to Daniel, was also sent forth, sometimes in the form of a dove upon the son of man, and sometimes upon each of the prophets and the apostles; 3.4.8 for which reason it is also said to proceed from the Father. And why are you amazed? Since even concerning the devil it has been said, “and the devil went out from the Lord,” and a second time it is said again, “and the devil went out from the Lord.” And you would find in the case of Ahab, where the Scripture adds, “and an evil spirit went out and stood before the Lord and 3.4.9 said: I will deceive him.” But these are contrary spirits, and how and in what manner it is said, now is not the time to investigate. But the only-begotten Son of God teaches that he has come forth from the Father because he is always with him, and likewise the Holy Spirit is another, existing alongside the Son. Which indeed the Savior himself clearly shows, saying, “he will take from what is mine and will announce it to you.” For this would be a direct demonstration that the Son and the Holy Spirit are not one and the same; for that which receives something from another is understood to be other than the one giving. 3.5.1 And that the Holy Spirit is indeed other than the Son, the Savior and our Lord himself taught explicitly and variously in the clearest words, in which he said to his disciples, “If you love me, you will keep my commandments. And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another comforter, that he may be with you forever, the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive.” You see how he says the Spirit, the comforter, is different and another besides himself. But if, having breathed on his disciples, he said, “Receive the Holy Spirit,” one must not be ignorant that the breathing was in a way a purification of the apostles’ soul, preparing them for the reception of the Holy 3.5.2 Spirit. For he is not said to have breathed into their faces, nor that it was the breath of life, nor that it was the Holy Spirit, as it is written of Adam that “God breathed into his face the breath of life,” but it is said that he first breathed, and then said, “Receive the Holy Spirit.” And his giving the Spirit again shows him to be other than what is given; 3.5.3 for the giver and what is given would not be the same, but the one providing was the Savior, and what was given was the Holy Spirit, and those receiving were the apostles, and the breathing was, as I said, a purification of the apostles or even an effecting of the transmission of the Holy 3.5.4 Spirit, for it is possible to understand it in either way. Nevertheless, from these things it is shown that the Holy Spirit is another, existing alongside him, as also through what follows, through which it is again written that he said, “If anyone loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to 3.5.5 him and make our home with him.” To which he adds, “These things I have spoken to you while I am still with you; but the comforter, the Holy Spirit whom my Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things and remind you of all that I have said to you.” Do you hear how he used the plural form, “we will come and make our home with him,” speaking of himself and the Father, and how when discoursing about the Holy Spirit as about another he said, “he 3.5.6 will teach you all things.” Of such a kind was also, “I will ask the Father, and he will give you another comforter, that he may be with you forever, the Spirit of truth.” Therefore, the comforter, about whom he taught so many things, was another besides himself. Rightly, then, he added again, saying, “These things I have spoken to you while I am still with you; but the comforter, the Holy Spirit whom my Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things and remind you of all that I have 3.5.7 said.” For I for a time have spoken these things to you, he says, but the Spirit of truth, whom my Father will also send, will... all things to you

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ἑαυτὸν ἔλεγεν. ὃ δὴ καὶ ἑτέρωθι διὰ παραβολῆς ἐδήλου περὶ ἑαυτοῦ 3.4.7 λέγων «ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπεῖραι»· πόθεν γὰρ ἐξῆλθεν ἢ ἐκ τῶν ἐνδοτάτω βασιλείων τῆς πατρικῆς θεότητος; κατὰ δὲ τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα παρεστὸς ἀεὶ τῷ θρόνῳ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐπεὶ καὶ «μυρίαι μυριάδες» παρεστήκασιν αὐτῷ κατὰ τὸν ∆ανιήλ, ἀπεστέλλετο καὶ αὐτό, ποτὲ μὲν ἐν εἴδει περιστερᾶς ἐπὶ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ποτὲ δὲ ἐφ' ἕκαστον τῶν προφητῶν καὶ τῶν ἀποστόλων· 3.4.8 διὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορεύεσθαι καὶ αὐτὸ εἴρηται. καὶ τί θαυμάζεις; ὁπότε καὶ περὶ τοῦ διαβόλου λέλεκται «καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ὁ διάβολος παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου» καὶ δεύτερον πάλιν εἴρηται «ἐξῆλθεν δὲ ὁ διάβολος ἀπὸ τοῦ κυρίου». εὕροις δ' ἂν καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἀχαάβ, ἔνθ' ἐπιφέρει ἡ γραφὴ «καὶ ἐξῆλθεν πνεῦμα πονηρὸν καὶ ἔστη ἐνώπιον κυρίου καὶ 3.4.9 εἶπεν· ἐγὼ ἀπατήσω αὐτόν». ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ἐναντία πνεύματα, ὅπως δὲ καὶ τίνα τρόπον εἴρηται, οὐ νῦν καιρὸς πολυπραγμονεῖν. ὁ δὲ μονογενὴς υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐξεληλυθέναι ἑαυτὸν διδάσκει διὰ τὸ συνεῖναι αὐτῷ πάντοτε, καὶ τὸ ἅγιον δὲ πνεῦμα ὁμοίως ἕτερον ὑπάρχον παρὰ τὸν υἱόν. ὃ δὴ σαφῶς αὐτὸς ὁ σωτὴρ παρίστησιν λέγων «ἐκ τοῦ ἐμοῦ λήψεται καὶ ἀναγγελεῖ ὑμῖν». ἄντικρυς γὰρ παραστατικὸν ἂν εἴη τοῦτο τοῦ μὴ εἶναι ἓν καὶ ταὐτὸν τὸν υἱὸν καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα· τὸ γὰρ παρ' ἑτέρου λαμβάνον τι ἕτερον παρὰ τὸν διδόντα νοεῖται. 3.5.1 καὶ ὅτι γε ἕτερόν ἐστιν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ υἱοῦ διαρρήδην καὶ διαφόρως λευκοτάτοις ῥήμασιν αὐτὸς ὁ σωτὴρ καὶ κύριος ἡμῶν ἐδίδαξεν, ἐν οἷς πρὸς τοὺς αὐτοῦ μαθητὰς ἔλεγεν «ἐὰν ἀγαπᾶτε με, τὰς ἐντολὰς τὰς ἐμὰς τηρήσετε. καὶ ἐγὼ ἐρωτήσω τὸν πατέρα καὶ ἄλλον παράκλητον δώσει ὑμῖν ἵνα ᾖ μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας, ὃ ὁ κόσμος οὐ δύναται λαβεῖν». ὁρᾷς ὅπως τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ παράκλητον ἕτερον εἶναί φησιν καὶ ἄλλο παρ' ἑαυτόν. εἰ δὲ ἐμφυσήσας τοῖς μαθηταῖς εἶπεν «λάβετε πνεῦμα ἅγιον», οὐ χρὴ ἀγνοεῖν ὡς τὸ μὲν ἐμφύσημα καθαρτικόν πως ἦν τῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων ψυχῆς, ἐπιτηδείους αὐτοὺς παρασκευάζον τῆς τοῦ ἁγίου 3.5.2 πνεύματος ὑποδοχῆς. οὐ γὰρ εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν ἐμφυσῆσαι λέγεται οὐδ' ὅτι πνοὴν ζωῆς οὐδ' ὅτι πνεῦμα ἅγιον, ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἀναγέγραπται ὅτι «ἐνεφύσησεν ὁ θεὸς εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ πνοὴν ζωῆς», ἀλλ' ἐμφυσῆσαι μὲν εἴρηται πρότερον, ἔπειτα εἰπεῖν «λάβετε πνεῦμα ἅγιον». τὸ δὲ διδόναι αὐτὸν τὸ πνεῦμα πάλιν ἕτερον αὐτὸν παρίστη 3.5.3 τοῦ διδομένου· οὐκ ἂν γὰρ ὁ αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ διδοὺς καὶ τὸ διδόμενον, ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν παρέχων ἦν ὁ σωτήρ, τὸ δὲ διδόμενον τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, οἱ δὲ λαμβάνοντες οἱ ἀπόστολοι, τὸ δ' ἐμφύσημα καθαρτικὸν ὡς ἔφην τῶν ἀποστόλων ἢ καὶ ἐνεργητικὸν τῆς μεταδόσεως τοῦ ἁγίου 3.5.4 πνεύματος, ἑκατέρως γὰρ νοεῖν δυνατόν. πλὴν ἐκ τούτων δείκνυται ἕτερον ὑπάρχον παρ' αὐτὸν τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, ὡς καὶ διὰ τῶν ἐπιφερομένων, δι' ὧν πάλιν ἀναγέγραπται φήσας «ἐάν τις ἀγαπᾷ με, τὸν λόγον μου τηρήσει, καὶ ὁ πατήρ μου ἀγαπήσει αὐτόν, καὶ πρὸς 3.5.5 αὐτὸν ἐλευσόμεθα καὶ μονὴν παρ' αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα». οἷς ἐπιφέρει «ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν παρ' ὑμῖν μένων· ὁ δὲ παράκλητος, τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ὃ πέμψει ὁ πατήρ μου ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἐκεῖνος ὑμᾶς διδάξει πάντα καὶ ὑπομνήσει ὑμᾶς πάντα ὅσα εἶπον ὑμῖν». ἀκούεις ὅπως πληθυντικῷ κέχρηται τρόπῳ τὸ «ἐλευσόμεθα καὶ μονὴν παρ' αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα» περὶ αὑτοῦ καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς φήσας, καὶ ὡς περὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος διαλαλῶν ὡς περὶ ἑτέρου ἔλεγεν τὸ «ἐκεῖνος 3.5.6 ὑμᾶς διδάξει πάντα». τοιοῦτον δὲ ἦν καὶ τὸ «ἐγὼ ἐρωτήσω τὸν πατέρα καὶ ἄλλον παράκλητον δώσει ὑμῖν ἵνα μεθ' ὑμῶν ᾖ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας». οὐκοῦν ἕτερος ἦν παρ' αὐτὸν ὁ παράκλητος, περὶ οὗ τὰ τοσαῦτα ἐδίδασκεν. εἰκότως οὖν αὖθις προσετίθει λέγων «ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν παρ' ὑμῖν μένων· ὁ δὲ παράκλητος, τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ὃ πέμψει ὁ πατήρ μου ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἐκεῖνος ὑμᾶς διδάξει πάντα καὶ ὑπομνήσει ὑμᾶς πάντα ὅσα 3.5.7 εἶπον». ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ τέως ταῦθ' ὑμῖν λελάληκα, φησίν, τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας, ὃ καὶ αὐτὸ πέμψει ὁ πατήρ μου, πάντα ὑμᾶς