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to be accomplished and those who attest to them the bestowal of their own wisdom? For we are not speaking simply about philosophy, whatever we are saying now, but about the philosophy of such men; for if, according to Paul, one cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons, how could one have the wisdom of God and be inspired by demons?». What then is it that we say? We declare that those who say their wisdom is from demons are for this reason demon-possessed wise men. But you bring this against us for the very reason for which we condemned those who have spoken. I fear that some envious demon whispers slander into your tongue too. We, then, called the wisdom of the impious demonic because of the heresies in it, but Gregory, surnamed the Theologian (p. 284), called the heretics creations of the evil one. Did he then hold that they had their origin from the evil one? By no means, but he disparages their evil opinion through such an epithet. It is clear then, no less, if not even more so, that we too do not praise the evil use, but we do not condemn the thing itself.

He strings together after this a second, similar slander, saying that I hold the astronomical method also to be from demons, since I condemn the same things from the same people, both those philosophers and the astronomers. And having himself praised this much, he then took it hard, as if he had heard "iconognost," as if he himself were not the one who previously applied a new and terrible epithet for slander to the more precise part of the church, as if to heretics. But not much time passed, and changing his mind, he says it is not right to be vexed by this insult, as a disciple of Christ, remembering the commandment not to repay with the same, he who has retorted many times over and immoderately used every slander against us. And yet our previous writings are in no way directed at him, but I bring my argument against the things noised about by rumor and against the words, not against the one who says them; and I am so far from using slanders concerning his words, as he does concerning ours, that I have even omitted the worse things said by him. The greater point is that I do not write on my own behalf, but on behalf of the simpler brethren who are being harassed, having myself borne their burden according to the apostolic command. But he writes on his own behalf and clearly addresses me and, openly setting forth some of my sayings, he is profuse in distorting and opposing them. And what is worse (p. 286), is that having both begun this harassment and defended himself, he then justifies himself as a disciple of Christ, as one who neither began nor defended himself, "who, when he was reviled, did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten, but committed himself to him who judges righteously."

But indeed, as if using steps of evil, he advances to worse things and proceeds against the saints, now shamelessly contradicting them himself, now convicting them of contradicting themselves and one another, and at times even misrepresenting and setting forth their sayings. For when Gregory of Nyssa, wise in divine things, says that the way of life in the future is not the same for the one who has arrived through every virtue and the one who has not participated in life at all, being an infant snatched from here to there for a time ("for the one," he says, "through every perception and all manner of instruction knew and pleased God, but the other went through life with an untrained and unpracticed mind"), this wise man thought he had found a godsend in the very fact that someone benefited from education and learning, against both the words of the great Basil and our own. For when the great Basil was brought forward by me as a witness, saying that both geometry and the study of geometry are vain,

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τελεῖσθαι καί προσμαρτυρούντων ἐκείνοις τήν χορηγίαν τῆς σφετέρας αὐτῶν σοφίας; Οὐ γάρ περί φολοσοφίας ἁπλῶς λέγομεν ἅττα λέγομεν νῦν, ἀλλά περί τῆς τῶν τοιούτων φιλοσοφίας˙ εἰ γάρ καί κατά Παῦλον οὐ δύναταί τις ποτήριον Κυρίου πίνειν καί ποτήριον δαιμονίων, πῶς ἄν δυνηθείη τις Θεοῦ σοφίαν ἔχειν καί ὑπό δαιμόνων ἐμπνεῖσθαι;». Τί οὖν ἐστιν ὅ φαμεν; Τούς ἐκ δαιμόνων τήν ἑαυτῶν σοφίαν εἰπόντας δαιμονιώδεις παρά τοῦτο σοφούς εἶναι ἀποφαινόμεθα. Σύ δέ δι᾿ ὅ τῶν εἰρηκότων κατεψηφισάμεθα, τοῦθ᾿ ἡμῖν προφέρεις. ∆έδοικα μή καί σοῦ τῇ γλώττῃ βάσκανός τις δαίμων τό συκοφαντεῖν ἐνηχεῖ. ∆αιμονιώδη μέν οὖν ἡμεῖς τήν τῶν ἀσεβῶν σοφίαν διά τάς ἐν αὐτῇ κακοδοξίας προσείπομεν, Γρηγόριος δέ ὁ τῆς θεολογίας ἐπώνυμος (σελ. 284) πλάσματα τοῦ πονηροῦ τούς κακοδόξους ὠνόμασεν˙ ἆρ᾿ οὖν ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ τήν γένεσιν ἐσχηκέναι τούτους ἐδόξαζεν; Οὔμενουν, ἀλλ᾿ αὐτῶν τήν πονηράν δόξαν διασύρει διά τοῦ τοιούτου προσρήματος. Φανερόν οὖν οὐδέν ἧττον, ὅτι μή καί μᾶλλον, ὡς καί ἡμεῖς τήν πονηράν χρῆσιν οὐκ ἐπαινοῦμεν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ αὐτό τό πρᾶγμα κακίζομεν.

Συνείρει δέ τούτοις ἐφεξῆς καί δευτέραν συκοφαντίαν ὁμοίαν, ἐκ δαιμόνων εἶναί με λέγων καί τήν ἀστρονομικήν μέθοδον, ἐπειδήπερ ἐκ τῶν αὐτῶν τά αὐτά, τῶν τε φιλοσόφων ἐκείνων καί τῶν ἀστρονόμων, καταψηφίζομαι. Καί πολλά ταύτην ἐγκωμιάσας αὐτός, εἶθ᾿ ὡς ἀκούσας «εἰκονογνώστης» βαρέως ἤνεγκεν, ὥσπερ ἄν οὐκ αὐτός ὤν ὁ πρότερος τῷ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἀκριβεστέρῳ μέρει, καθάπερ αἱρεσιώταις, καινήν καί δεινήν ἐπωνυμίαν πρός διαβολήν ἐπιθείς. Ἀλλ᾿ οὐ πολύ τό ἐν μέσῳ, καί μεταβαλών περί ταυτησί φησι τῆς ὕβρεως δυσχεραίνειν οὐκ ἄξιον, ὡς Χριστοῦ μαθητής, οὐδέ τοῖς ἴσοις ἀμείβεσθαι τῆς ἐντολῆς μεμνημένος, ὁ πολλαπλασίως ἀνθυπενεγκών καί ἀκρατῶς πάςῃ καθ᾿ ἡμῶν κεχρημένος διαβολῇ. Καίτοι τείνει μέν ἡμῖν τά πρότερα τῶν συγγραμμάτων πρός ἐκεῖνον οὐδαμῶς, πρός δέ τά ὑπό τῆς φήμης θρυλούμενα καί πρός τούς λόγους ἀντεπεξάγω τόν λόγον, οὐ πρός τόν λέγοντα˙ καί τοσοῦτον ἀπέχω συκοφαντίαις χρῆσθαι περί τούς ἐκείνου λόγους, ὥσπερ ἐκεῖνος περί τούς ἡμετέρους, ὥστε καί τά χείρω τῶν ὑπ᾿ ἐκείνου λεγομένων παρῆκα. Τό δέ μεῖζον ὡς οὐχ ὑπέρ ἑμαυτοῦ γράφω, ἀλλ᾿ ὑπέρ τῶν ἐπηρεαζομένων ἁπλουστέρων ἀδελφῶν, τό βάρος ἐκείνων αὐτός βαστάσας κατά τήν ἀποστολικήν ἐντολήν. Ἐκεῖνος δ᾿ ὑπέρ ἑαυτοῦ γράφει καί πρός ἐμέ σαφῶς ἀποτείνεται καί, τῶν ἐμῶν ρητῶν ἔστιν ἅ φανερῶς προβαλλόμενος, πολύς γίνεται διαστρέφων καί ἀντικείμενος. Τό δέ (σελ.286) χεῖρον ὅτι αὐτός τῆς ἐπηρείας ταύτης καί ἄρξας καί ἀμυνόμενος, εἶθ᾿ ὡς μήτ᾿ ἄρξαντα μήτ᾿ ἀμυνόμενον δικαιοῖ αὐτός ἑαυτόν ὡς Χριστοῦ μαθητήν, «ὅς λοιδορούμενος οὐκ ἀντελοιδόρει, πάσχων οὐκ ἠπείλει, παρεδίδου δέ τῷ κρίνοντι δικαίως».

Ἀλλά γάρ ὥσπερ ἀναβαθμοῖς κακῶν χρώμενος, ἐπί τά χείρω προκόπτει καί κατά τῶν ἁγίων χωρεῖ, νῦν μέν ἀναίδην ἀντιλέγων αὐτός αὐτοῖς, νῦν δ᾿ ἀντιλέγοντας ἑαυτοῖς καί ἀλλήλοις ἐλέγχων, ἔστι δ᾿ οὗ καί τάς αὐτῶν ρήσεις παραχαράττων καί προβαλλόμενος. Τοῦ γάρ σοφοῦ τά θεῖα Γρηγορίου τοῦ Νύσσης οὐχ ὁμοίαν τήν διαγωγήν εἶναι λέγοντος ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι τοῦ τε διά πάσης ἀρετῆς ἥκοντος καί τοῦ μηδέ ὅλως μετεσχηκότος τοῦ βίου, τῷ νήπιον ἐντεῦθεν ἐκεῖσε μεταχωρῆσαι πρός ὥρας ἀναρπαθέν («ὁ μέν γάρ διά πάσης» φησίν, «αἰσθήσεως καί παντοίας παιδεύσεως ἔγνω καί εὐηρέστησε Θεόν, τό δέ ἀγύμναστον καί ἀτριβές τήν διάνοιαν διῆλθε τόν βίον»), αὐτό τό διά παιδεύσεώς τε καί τῶν μαθημάτων ὠφεληθῆναί τινα ὁ σοφός οὗτος ᾠήθη ἕρμαιον εὑρεῖν κατά τε τῶν τοῦ μεγάλου Βασιλείου καί τῶν λόγων τῶν ἡμετέρων. Τοῦ γάρ μεγάλου Βασιλείου πρός μαρτυρίαν ὑπ᾿ ἐμοῦ παρηγμένου καί ματαίαν λέγοντος γεωμετρίαν τε καί τήν ἐπί τῇ γεωμετρίᾳ σχολήν,