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death and all things considered terrible, I reflected that it was impossible for them to exist in wickedness and love of pleasure; for what lover of pleasure or intemperate person who considers eating human flesh a good thing, could welcome death, so that he might be deprived of his own desires, and would not rather try by all means to live the present life forever and escape the notice of the rulers, instead of reporting himself to be killed?” 4.8.6 The same author also relates that Hadrian received a letter from Serenius Granianus, a most illustrious governor, on behalf of the Christians, stating that it was not just to kill them without a trial to gratify the outcries of the populace for no crime, and that he wrote in reply to Minucius Fundanus, proconsul of Asia, commanding him to try no one 4.8.7 without a charge and a reasonable accusation. And he subjoins a copy of the epistle, preserving the Roman tongue as it was, and prefaces it with these words: “And from a letter of the greatest and most illustrious Caesar Hadrian, your father, we are able to demand that you order, as we have requested, that the judgments be made. We have requested this not so much because it was commanded by Hadrian, but from considering the appeal to be just. We have subjoined also a copy of the letter of Hadrian, that you may know that in this also we speak the truth. And it is this.” 4.8.8 After these words, the said author appends the Roman rescript itself, but we have translated it into Greek to the best of our ability, and it is as follows: 4.9.1 “To Minucius Fundanus. I have received a letter written to me by Serenius Granianus, a most illustrious man, whom you have succeeded. It does not seem right to me, therefore, to leave the matter uninvestigated, so that the people may not be disturbed and opportunity for 4.9.2 malicious dealing be furnished to the informers. If, therefore, the provincials can clearly substantiate this petition against the Christians, so as to be able to answer before the tribunal, let them turn to this course only, but not by petitions and mere outcries. For it is far more proper, if anyone should wish to bring an accusation, that you should examine this. 4.9.3 If, therefore, anyone accuses and proves that they are doing anything contrary to the laws, do you determine according to the gravity of the offense. But, by Hercules, if any one should bring this forward for the sake of slander, investigate his criminality and see to it that you inflict punishment.” Such is the rescript of Hadrian. 4.10.1 After he had fulfilled his destiny after a twenty-first year, Antoninus, called Pius, succeeded to the rule of the Romans. In his first year, Telesphorus having departed this life in the eleventh year of his ministry, Hyginus received the lot of the Roman episcopate. Irenaeus, indeed, relates that Telesphorus was made glorious in his end by martyrdom, stating at the same time that during the episcopate of the aforesaid Roman bishop Hyginus, Valentinus, the originator of his own heresy, and Cerdon, the author of Marcion’s error, were both well known at Rome. He writes as follows: “For Valentinus came to Rome in the time of Hyginus, flourished under Pius, and remained until Anicetus. And Cerdon, the predecessor of Marcion, also under Hyginus, who was the ninth bishop, came into the Church and made public confession, and so he continued, at one time teaching in secret, at another making public confession again, at another being convicted for the evil things he taught, and separating from the assembly of the brethren.” 4.11.2 He says this in the third of his works Against Heresies. And in the first he again narrates these things about Cerdon: “But a certain Cerdon, taking his start from the followers of Simon and having sojourned in Rome under Hyginus, who held the ninth lot of the episcopal succession from the apostles, taught that the God proclaimed by the law and the prophets is not the father of our Lord Jesus Christ. For the one was known, but the other was unknown; and the one was just, but the other was good. Marcion of Pontus, succeeding him, enlarged the school, shamelessly

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θάνατον καὶ πάντα τὰ νομιζόμενα φοβερά, ἐνενόουν ἀδύνατον εἶναι ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ φιληδονίᾳ ὑπάρχειν αὐτούς· τίς γὰρ φιλήδονος ἢ ἀκρατὴς καὶ ἀνθρωπείων σαρκῶν βορὰν ἡγούμενος ἀγαθόν, δύναιτ' ἂν θάνατον ἀσπάζεσθαι, ὅπως τῶν ἑαυτοῦ στερηθείη ἐπιθυμιῶν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐκ παντὸς ζῆν ἀεὶ τὴν ἐνθάδε βιοτὴν καὶ λανθάνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐπειρᾶτο, οὐχ ὅτι ἑαυτὸν κατήγγελλεν φονευθησόμενον;» 4.8.6 Ἔτι δ' ὁ αὐτὸς ἱστορεῖ δεξάμενον τὸν Ἁδριανὸν παρὰ Σερεννίου Γρανιανοῦ, λαμπροτάτου ἡγουμένου, γράμματα ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν περιέχοντα ὡς οὐ δίκαιον εἴη ἐπὶ μηδενὶ ἐγκλήματι βοαῖς δήμου χαριζομένους ἀκρίτως κτείνειν αὐτούς, ἀντιγράψαι Μινουκίῳ Φουνδανῷ, ἀνθυπάτῳ τῆς Ἀσίας, προστάττοντα μηδένα 4.8.7 κρίνειν ἄνευ ἐγκλήματος καὶ εὐλόγου κατηγορίας· καὶ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς δὲ ἀντίγραφον παρατέθειται, τὴν Ῥωμαϊκὴν φωνήν, ὡς εἶχεν, διαφυλάξας, προλέγει δ' αὐτῆς ταῦτα· «καὶ ἐξ ἐπιστολῆς δὲ τοῦ μεγίστου καὶ ἐπιφανεστάτου Καίσαρος Ἁδριανοῦ τοῦ πατρὸς ὑμῶν ἔχοντες ἀπαιτεῖν ὑμᾶς, καθὰ ἠξιώσαμεν, κελεῦσαι, τὰς κρίσεις γίνεσθαι, τοῦτο οὐχ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἁδριανοῦ κελευσθὲν μᾶλλον ἠξιώσαμεν, ἀλλ' ἐκ τοῦ δικαίαν ἀξιοῦν τὴν προσφώνησιν. ὑπετάξαμεν δὲ καὶ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς Ἁδριανοῦ τὸ ἀντίγραφον, ἵνα καὶ τοῦτο ἀληθεύειν ἡμᾶς γνωρίζητε, καὶ ἔστιν τόδε». 4.8.8 τούτοις ὁ μὲν δηλωθεὶς ἀνὴρ αὐτὴν παρατέθειται τὴν Ῥωμαϊκὴν ἀντιγραφήν, ἡμεῖς δ' ἐπὶ τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν κατὰ δύναμιν αὐτὴν μετειλήφαμεν, ἔχουσαν ὧδε· 4.9.1 «Μινουκίῳ Φουνδανῷ. ἐπιστολὴν ἐδεξάμην γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερεννίου Γρανιανοῦ, λαμπροτάτου ἀνδρός, ὅντινα σὺ διεδέξω. οὐ δοκεῖ μοι οὖν τὸ πρᾶγμα ἀζήτητον καταλιπεῖν, ἵνα μήτε οἱ ἄνθρωποι ταράττωνται καὶ τοῖς συκοφάνταις χορηγία 4.9.2 κακουργίας παρασχεθῇ. εἰ οὖν σαφῶς εἰς ταύτην τὴν ἀξίωσιν οἱ ἐπαρχιῶται δύνανται διισχυρίζεσθαι κατὰ τῶν Χριστιανῶν, ὡς καὶ πρὸ βήματος ἀποκρίνασθαι, ἐπὶ τοῦτο μόνον τραπῶσιν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀξιώσεσιν οὐδὲ μόναις βοαῖς. πολλῷ γὰρ μᾶλλον προσῆκεν, εἴ τις κατηγορεῖν βούλοιτο, τοῦτό σε διαγινώσκειν. 4.9.3 εἴ τις οὖν κατηγορεῖ καὶ δείκνυσίν τι παρὰ τοὺς νόμους πράττοντας, οὕτως ὅριζε κατὰ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ ἁμαρτήματος· ὡς μὰ τὸν Ἡρακλέα εἴ τις συκοφαντίας χάριν τοῦτο προτείνοι, διαλάμβανε ὑπὲρ τῆς δεινότητος καὶ φρόντιζε ὅπως ἂν ἐκδικήσειας». καὶ τὰ μὲν τῆς Ἁδριανοῦ ἀντιγραφῆς τοιαῦτα. 4.10.1 τούτου δὲ τὸ χρεὼν μετὰ πρῶτον καὶ εἰκοστὸν ἔτος ἐκτίσαντος, Ἀντωνῖνος ὁ κληθεὶς Εὐσεβὴς τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχὴν διαδέχεται. τούτου δὲ ἐν ἔτει πρώτῳ Τελεσφόρου τὸν βίον ἑνδεκάτῳ τῆς λειτουργίας ἐνιαυτῷ μεταλλάξαντος, Ὑγῖνος τὸν κλῆρον τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἐπισκοπῆς παραλαμβάνει. ἱστορεῖ γε μὴν ὁ Εἰρηναῖος τὸν Τελεσφόρον μαρτυρίῳ τὴν τελευτὴν διαπρέψαι, δηλῶν ἐν ταὐτῷ κατὰ τὸν δηλούμενον Ῥωμαίων ἐπίσκοπον Ὑγῖνον Οὐαλεντῖνον ἰδίας αἱρέσεως εἰσηγητὴν καὶ Κέρδωνα τῆς κατὰ Μαρκίωνα πλάνης ἀρχηγὸν ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥώμης ἄμφω γνωρίζεσθαι, γράφει δὲ οὕτως· «Οὐαλεντῖνος μὲν γὰρ ἦλθεν εἰς Ῥώμην ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου, ἤκμασεν δὲ ἐπὶ Πίου, καὶ παρέμεινεν ἕως Ἀνικήτου· Κέρδων δ' ὁ πρὸ Μαρκίωνος καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου, ὃς ἦν ἔνατος ἐπίσκοπος, εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐλθὼν καὶ ἐξομολογούμενος, οὕτως διετέλεσεν, ποτὲ μὲν λαθροδιδασκαλῶν, ποτὲ δὲ πάλιν ἐξομολογούμενος, ποτὲ δὲ ἐλεγχόμενος ἐφ' οἷς ἐδίδασκεν κακῶς, καὶ ἀφιστάμενος τῆς τῶν ἀδελφῶν συνοδίας». 4.11.2 ταῦτα δέ φησιν ἐν τρίτῳ τῶν πρὸς τὰς αἱρέσεις· ἔν γε μὴν τῷ πρώτῳ αὖθις περὶ τοῦ Κέρδωνος ταῦτα διέξεισιν· «Κέρδων δέ τις ἀπὸ τῶν περὶ τὸν Σίμωνα τὰς ἀφορμὰς λαβὼν καὶ ἐπιδημήσας ἐν τῇ Ῥώμῃ ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου ἔνατον κλῆρον τῆς ἐπισκοπικῆς διαδοχῆς ἀπὸ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἔχοντος, ἐδίδαξεν τὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ προφητῶν κεκηρυγμένον θεὸν μὴ εἶναι πατέρα τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· τὸν μὲν γὰρ γνωρίζεσθαι, τὸν δὲ ἀγνῶτα εἶναι, καὶ τὸν μὲν δίκαιον, τὸν δὲ ἀγαθὸν ὑπάρχειν. διαδεξάμενος δὲ αὐτὸν Μαρκίων ὁ Ποντικὸς ηὔξησεν τὸ διδασκαλεῖον, ἀπηρυθριασμένως