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RESPONSE Since temptations are twofold, both voluntary and involuntary, that is

of pleasure and of pain, first the devil, having tempted the Lord through the temptations of pleasure, through gluttony and avarice and vainglory—for all these produce pleasure—and having been repulsed, departed until a season. What season? That of the passion on the cross, so that by also assailing the Lord through involuntary and painful temptations, as he thought, he might be able to find in him something of human passions; but he was repulsed through these as well, and having been triumphed over on the cross, he was rendered powerless.

QUESTION 195 Since John has been testified by the Lord himself to be greater than all who

have been born of women—for his life was pure and separate from all sin—what *** *** is missing

VARIANT A OF QUESTIONS AND RESPONSES various questions and selections of various perplexing chapters (14Α_278> QUESTION A,1 What are the virtues of the soul and what are those of the body? RESPONSE

The virtues of the soul are these: love, humility, meekness, long-suffering, forbearance, unmaliciousness, freedom from anger, freedom from dejection, freedom from envy, freedom from judging, freedom from vainglory, almsgiving, self-control, freedom from love of money, sympathy, freedom from pride, freedom from arrogance, compunction. And the virtues of the body are these: fasting, sleeping on the ground, vigilance, continence, poverty, freedom from distraction.

QUESTION A,2 What is that which is said in the Apostle, "I will sing with the spirit, and I will sing with the

mind"? (14Α_280> RESPONSE "One sings with the spirit" whenever one produces only the utterance of what is being sung through

the tongue; "but one sings with the mind" whenever, knowing the power of what is being sung, one is gladdened by the contemplation.

QUESTION A,3 What is: "I was conceived in iniquities, and in sins my mother

conceived me"? RESPONSE Since the pre-eminent purpose of God was for us not to be born through marriage

and corruption, but the transgression of the commandment introduced marriage because Adam acted lawlessly, that is, he disregarded the law given to him by God, therefore all who are born of Adam are conceived in iniquities, falling under the condemnation of our forefather. And the phrase "in sins my mother conceived me" signifies that Eve, the mother of us all, first conceived sin, as if swelling with pleasure. For this reason we too, falling under our mother's condemnation, are said to be conceived in sins.

QUESTION A,4 What is that which is said by the Apostle "to be anathema (14Α_282> from

Christ for the sake of my kinsmen"? RESPONSE

60

ΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ ∆ιπλῶν τῶν πειρασμῶν ὄντων, ἑκουσίων τε καὶ ἀκουσίων, τουτέστιν

ἡδονικῶν τε καὶ ἐπιπόνων, πρῶτον μὲν διὰ τῶν ἡδονικῶν πειράσας τὸν Κύριον ὁ διάβολος, διά τε γαστριμαργίας καὶ φιλαργυρίας καὶ κενοδοξίας πάντα γὰρ ταῦτα ἡδονῆς εἰσιν ποιητικά καὶ ἀποκρουσθείς, ἀπέστη ἄχρι καιροῦ. Ποίου καιροῦ; Τοῦ κατὰ τὸν σταυρὸν πάθους, ἵνα καὶ διὰ τῶν ἀκουσίων καὶ ἐπιπόνων πειρασμῶν, ὡς ᾤετο, προσβαλὼν τῷ Κυρίῳ, δυνηθείη εὑρεῖν ἐν αὐτῷ τι τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων παθῶν· ἀπεκρούσθη δὲ καὶ διὰ τούτων, καὶ θριαμβευθεὶς ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ κατηργήθη.

ΕΡΩΤΗΣΙΣ 195 Ἐπειδὴ μεμαρτύρηται ὁ Ἰωάννης ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου μείζων πάντων τῶν

ἐν γεννητοῖς γενέσθαι καὶ γὰρ καὶ ὁ βίος αὐτοῦ καθαρὸς καὶ ἁμαρτίας πάσης κεχωρισμένος ἦν , τίνος *** *** λείπει

ΠΑΡΑΛΛΑΓΗ Α' ΕΡΩΤΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΕΩΝ ἐρωτήσεις διάφοροι καὶ ἐκλογαὶ διαφόρων κεφαλαίων ἀπορουμένων (14Α_278> ΕΡΩΤΗΣΙΣ Α,1 Τίνες ἀρεταὶ ψυχῆς καὶ τίνες σώματος; ΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ

Ἀρεταὶ ψυχῆς εἰσιν αὗται· ἀγάπη, ταπείνωσις, πραότης, μακροθυμία, ἀνεξικακία, ἀμνησικακία, ἀοργησία, τὸ ἄθυμον, τὸ ἄφθονον, τὸ ἄκριτον, τὸ ἀκενόδοξον, ἐλεημοσύνη, σωφροσύνη, τὸ ἀφιλάργυρον, συμπάθεια, τὸ ἄτυφον, τὸ ἀνυπερήφανον, τὸ κατανυκτικόν. Ἀρεταὶ δὲ σώματός εἰσιν αὗται· νηστεία, χαμευνία, ἀγρυπνία, ἐγκράτεια, ἀκτημοσύνη, τὸ ἀπερίσπαστον.

ΕΡΩΤΗΣΙΣ Α,2 Τί ἐστιν τὸ ἐν τῷ Ἀποστόλῳ εἰρημένον "ψαλῶ τῷ πνεύματι, ψαλῶ δὲ καὶ τῷ

νοΐ"; (14Α_280> ΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ «Ψάλλει τις τῷ πνεύματι» ὅτ᾽ ἂν μόνον τὴν προφορὰν τῶν ψαλλομένων διὰ

γλώσσης φέρει· «ψάλλει δὲ τῷ νοῒ» ὅτ᾽ ἂν τὴν δύναμιν τῶν ψαλλομένων γινώσκων τῇ θεωρίᾳ εὐφραίνεται.

ΕΡΩΤΗΣΙΣ Α,3 Τί ἐστιν· «ἐν ἀνομίαις συνελήφθην καὶ ἐν ἁμαρτίαις ἐκίσσησέν με ἡ μήτηρ

μου»; ΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ Ἐπειδὴ ὁ προηγούμενος σκοπὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἦν τοῦ μὴ διὰ γάμου γεννᾶσθαι

ἡμᾶς καὶ φθορᾶς, ἡ δὲ παράβασις τῆς ἐντολῆς τὸν γάμον εἰσήγαγεν διὰ τὸ ἀνομῆσαι τὸν Ἀδάμ, τουτέστιν ἀθετῆσαι τὸν ἐκ Θεοῦ δοθέντα αὐτῷ νόμον, πάντες οὖν οἱ ἐξ Ἀδὰμ γεννώμενοι ἐν ἀνομίαις συλλαμβάνονται, ὑποπίπτοντες τῇ τοῦ προπάτορος καταδίκῃ. Τὸ δὲ καὶ «ἐν ἁμαρτίαις ἐκίσσησέν με ἡ μήτηρ μου» σημαίνει ὅτι ἡ Εὔα ἡ πάντων ἡμῶν μήτηρ πρώτη ἐκίσσησεν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ὥσπερ ὀργῶσα τὴν ἡδονήν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡμεῖς τῇ τῆς μητρὸς ὑποπίπτοντες καταδίκῃ κισσᾶσθαι λέγομεν ἐν ἁμαρτίαις.

ΕΡΩΤΗΣΙΣ Α,4 Τί ἐστιν τὸ παρὰ τοῦ Ἀποστόλου λεγόμενον "ἀνάθεμα (14Α_282> εἶναι ἀπὸ

τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὑπὲρ τῶν συγγενῶν μου"; ΑΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ