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and was in great honor and esteem among them. But after these things, Hesychas, who became the most distinguished of his disciples, stole the relic, conveyed it to Palestine, and buried it in his own monastery. And from that time, the local people celebrate a public and very splendid annual festival here. 3.14.28 For it is the custom here for the Palestinians to honor the good men who have been among them, just as, for instance, Aurelius of Anthedon, and Alexion from Bethagathon, and Alaphion from Asalea, who, having lived at the same time during the present reign, piously and courageously conducted themselves in philosophy and by their own virtues brought the religion to a state of progress in the cities and villages here, which were excessively Hellenized. 3.14.2 At that time, Julianus was practicing philosophy around Edessa, having undertaken the most exact and, as it were, incorporeal discipline and way of life, so that he seemed to consist of bones and skin, apart from flesh, and to have become for Ephraim the Syrian writer the occasion for a treatise narrating his life. And God himself also confirmed what men believed about him, granting to him to drive out demons and cures for all kinds of diseases, accomplished not by any medicines but by prayer. 3.14.30 On account of him and many other ecclesiastical philosophers, the subject population here flourished at that time, both in the district of Edessa and under the city of the Amidenes, around the mountain called Gaugalion, of whom were Daniel and Symeon. But let these things be said now concerning the monks in Syria; but more completely, 3.14.31 if God wills, it will be told about them in the following sections. But for the Armenians and Paphlagonians and those who live near the Pontus, it is said that Eustathius, who presided over the church in Sebasteia of Armenia, was the originator of monastic philosophy, and of the zealous discipline in it, having become an instructor of foods, of which one ought to partake and from which to abstain, and of clothing, which it is necessary to use, and of precise morals and conduct, so that some maintain that the book entitled the Ascetica of Basil of Cappadocia is his writing. 3.14.32 But he is said, through excessive precision, to have fallen into absurd observances, 3.14.33 utterly dissonant with the ecclesiastical laws. But some acquit him of the charge, and blame certain of his disciples for condemning marriage and refusing to pray in the houses of married people, and for despising married presbyters, and for fasting on the Lord's days, and for holding assemblies in their houses, and for declaring the rich to be altogether without a share in the kingdom of God, and for abominating those who eat meat, and for not tolerating wearing customary tunics and robes, but using strange and unusual clothing, and for innovating in many other things. 3.14.34 From this, many women were deceived and left their husbands; then, being unable to be continent, they committed adultery; while others, on the pretext of piety, had their heads shorn and dressed otherwise than is becoming for a woman, 3.14.35 but as is customary for men. On account of these things, the neighboring bishops convened in Gangra, the metropolis of the Paphlagonians, and voted them to be alienated from the universal church, unless they should renounce each of the aforementioned things according to the canons 3.14.36 of the synod. From this there is a report that Eustathius, showing that it was not for the sake of presumption, but of the ascetic practice according to God that he introduced and practiced these things, changed his garb and made his public appearances similarly to the other priests. Being such a man in matters of life, he was also admired for his words; but to speak the truth, he was not clever at speaking (for neither had he practiced the science concerning this), but he was admirable in character and most capable of persuading, so as to persuade many profligate men and women to take up a sober and zealous life. 3.14.37 For they say that he persuaded a certain man and woman who were pretending to virginity according to the rule of the church and who were coming together

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καὶ ἐν πολλῇ τιμῇ καὶ θεραπείᾳ παρ' αὐτοῖς ἦν. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ῾Ησυχᾶς, ὃς εὐδοκιμώτατος ἐγένετο τῶν αὐτοῦ μαθητῶν, κλέψας τὸ λείψανον διεκόμισεν εἰς Παλαιστίνην καὶ ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ μοναστηρίῳ ἔθαψε. καὶ τὸ ἐξ ἐκείνου δημοτελῆ καὶ μάλα λαμπρὰν ἐνθάδε ἐτήσιον ἑορτὴν ἄγουσιν οἱ ἐπιχώριοι. 3.14.28 ὧδε γὰρ Παλαιστίνοις ἔθος γεραίρειν τοὺς παρ' αὐτοῖς ἄνδρας ἀγαθοὺς γενομένους, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει καὶ Αὐρήλιον τὸν ᾿Ανθηδόνιον καὶ ᾿Αλεξίωνα τὸν ἀπὸ Βηθαγάθωνος καὶ ᾿Αλαφίωνα τὸν ἀπὸ ᾿Ασαλέας, οἳ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν γενόμενοι χρόνον ἐπὶ τῆς παρούσης βασιλείας εὐσεβῶς καὶ ἀνδρείως ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ ἐπολιτεύσαντο καὶ ταῖς οἰκείαις ἀρεταῖς ἐν ἑλληνιζούσαις ἄγαν ταῖς τῇδε πόλεσι καὶ κώμαις εἰς ἐπίδοσιν ἤγαγον τὴν θρησκείαν. 3.14.2 Κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ ᾿Ιουλιανὸς ἀμφὶ τὴν ῎Εδεσσαν ἐφιλοσόφει, ἀκρι-βεστάτῃ καὶ οἷα ἀσωμάτῳ ἀγωγῇ καὶ πολιτείᾳ ἐπιχειρήσας, ὡς ἐκτὸς σαρκῶν ὀστέοις καὶ δέρματι δοκεῖν συνεστάναι καὶ ᾿Εφραὶμ τῷ Σύρῳ συγγραφεῖ πρόφασις γενέσθαι πραγματείας τῆς κατὰ τὸν αὐτοῦ βίον ἀφηγήσεως. ἐπεψηφίζετο δὲ καὶ θεὸς αὐτὸς οἷς ἄνθρωποι περὶ αὐτοῦ ἐδόξαζον, δαίμονας ἀπελαύνειν καὶ παντοδαπῶν νόσων ἰάσεις αὐτῷ δωρησάμενος οὐ φαρμάκοις τισὶν ἀλλ' εὐχῇ κατορθουμένας. 3.14.30 ᾿Επὶ τούτῳ δὲ καὶ ἄλλοις πολλοῖς ἐκκλησιαστικοῖς φιλοσόφοις τὸ τῇδε ὑπήκοον τηνικαῦτα διέπρεπε, κατά τε τὸν ᾿Εδεσσηνῶν νομὸν ὑπό τε τὴν ᾿Αμιδηνῶν πόλιν, ἀμφὶ τὸ Γαυγάλιον καλούμενον ὄρος, ὧν ἤστην ∆ανιὴλ καὶ Συμεών. ᾿Αλλὰ περὶ μὲν τῶν ἐν Συρίᾳ μοναχῶν τάδε εἰρήσθω νῦν· τελεώτερον 3.14.31 δέ, εἰ ὁ θεὸς ἐθελήσειεν, ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς εἰρήσεται περὶ αὐτῶν. ᾿Αρμενίοις δὲ καὶ Παφλαγόσι καὶ τοῖς πρὸς τῷ Πόντῳ οἰκοῦσι λέγεται Εὐστάθιος ὁ τὴν ἐν Σεβαστείᾳ τῆς ᾿Αρμενίας ἐκκλησίαν ἐπιτροπεύσας μοναχικῆς φιλοσοφίας ἄρξαι, καὶ τῆς ἐν ταύτῃ σπουδαίας ἀγωγῆς, ἐδεσμάτων τε, ὧν χρὴ μετέχειν καὶ ἀπέχεσθαι, καὶ ἐσθῆτος, ᾗ δεῖ κεχρῆσθαι, καὶ ἠθῶν καὶ πολιτείας ἀκριβοῦς εἰσηγητὴν γενόμενον, ὡς καὶ τὴν ἐπιγεγραμμένην Βασιλείου τοῦ Καππαδόκου ᾿Ασκητικὴν βίβλον ἰσχυρίζεσθαί τινας αὐτοῦ γραφὴν εἶναι. 3.14.32 λέγεται δὲ ὑπὸ πολλῆς ἀκριβείας εἰς παραλόγους ἐπιτηρήσεις ἐκπεσεῖν παν3.14.33 τελῶς ἀπᾳδούσας τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν νόμων. οἱ δὲ αὐτὸν μὲν τοῦ ἐγκλήματος ἐξαιροῦνται, ἐπαιτιῶνται δέ τινας τῶν αὐτοῦ μαθητῶν ὡς γάμῳ καταμεμφομένους καὶ ἐν οἴκοις γεγαμηκότων εὔχεσθαι παραιτουμένους καὶ τοὺς γεγαμηκότας πρεσβυτέρους ὑπερφρονοῦντας καὶ ἐν κυριακαῖς ἡμέραις νηστεύοντας καὶ ἐν οἰκίαις ἐκκλησιάζοντας καὶ τοὺς πλουσίους καθάπαξ ἀμοίρους τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ θεοῦ ἀποφαινομένους καὶ τοὺς κρέα ἐσθίοντας βδελυττομένους καὶ χιτῶνας μὲν συνήθεις καὶ στολὰς μὴ ἀνεχομένους ἀμφιέννυσθαι, ξένῃ δὲ καὶ ἀήθει ἐσθῆτι χρωμένους καὶ ἄλλα πλεῖστα νεωτερί3.14.34 ζοντας. ἐκ τούτου δὲ πολλὰς γυναῖκας ἀπατηθείσας καταλιπεῖν τοὺς ἄνδρας· εἶτ' ἐγκρατεύεσθαι μὴ δυνηθείσας μοιχείαν ἁμαρτεῖν· τὰς δὲ προφάσει θεοσεβείας τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀποκείρασθαι καὶ ἀλλοίως ἢ γυναικὶ πρέπει, 3.14.35 ἀνδράσι δὲ σύνηθες ἀμφιέννυσθαι. διὰ δὴ ταῦτα τοὺς πλησιοχώρους ἐπισκόπους συνελθεῖν ἐν Γάγγραις τῇ μητροπόλει Παφλαγόνων καὶ ἀλλοτρίους αὐτοὺς ψηφίσασθαι τῆς καθόλου ἐκκλησίας, εἰ μὴ κατὰ τοὺς ὅρους 3.14.36 τῆς συνόδου ἕκαστον τῶν εἰρημένων ἀποκηρύξωσιν. ἐντεῦθεν δὲ λόγος Εὐστάθιον ἐπιδεικνύμενον, ὡς οὐκ αὐθαδείας ἕνεκεν, ἀλλὰ τῆς κατὰ θεὸν ἀσκήσεως εἰσηγοῖτο ταῦτα καὶ ἐπιτηδεύοι, ἀμεῖψαι τὴν στολὴν καὶ παραπλησίως τοῖς ἄλλοις ἱερεῦσι τὰς προόδους ποιήσασθαι. τοιοῦτος δὲ τὰ περὶ τὸν βίον ὑπάρχων καὶ ἐπὶ λόγοις ἐθαυμάζετο· τὸ δὲ ἀληθὲς εἰπεῖν, ἐγένετο λέγειν μὲν οὐ δεινός (οὐδὲ γὰρ τὴν περὶ τούτου ἐπιστήμην ἐξήσκητο), τὸ δὲ ἦθος θαυμάσιος καὶ πείθειν ἱκανώτατος, ὡς καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν ἐκπορνευομένων ἀνδρῶν καὶ γυναικῶν μεταπεῖσαι σώφρονα καὶ σπουδαῖον βίον ἀνα3.14.37 λαβεῖν. φασὶ γοῦν αὐτὸν ἄνδρα τινὰ καὶ γυναῖκα κατὰ θεσμὸν ἐκκλησίας παρθενίαν προσποιουμένους καὶ εἰς ταὐτὸν συνιέναι