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God; which indeed the barbarian also knew, and it is clear that from this they escaped the impending danger, he cried out; Because they had trusted in him. 6. And I say these things now, and I select all the stories in which there are temptations and tribulations, and the wrath of kings, and plots, so that we may fear nothing but offending God alone. For then too the furnace was burning, but they laughed at it, but they feared sin. For they knew that if burned they would suffer nothing terrible, but if they were impious they would undergo the worst. For the greatest punishment is to sin, even if we are not punished; just as, therefore, the greatest honor and relief is to live with virtue, even if we are punished; for sins separate us from God, as he himself says; Do not your sins separate between you and me? but punishments bring us together to God; For give us, he says, peace, because you have rendered all things to us. If someone has a wound, what is worthy of fear, the gangrene, or the surgeon's incision? the iron tool, or the spreading of the sore? Sin is gangrene, punishment is a surgeon's iron tool; just as, therefore, the one who has gangrene, even if it is not cut, is sick, and then is in a worse state, when it is not cut; so also the sinner, even if he is not punished, is most wretched of all, and then is especially wretched, when he is not punished, nor suffers anything terrible. And just as those who have spleen disease and dropsy, when they enjoy a lavish table, and cold drinks, and costly foods, and spices, then they are most pitiable of all, increasing their disease by their luxury; but if they are constrained by hunger and thirst according to the laws of medicine, they have some hope of salvation; so also those living in wickedness, if they are punished, have good hopes, but if with their wickedness they enjoy security and luxury, they would be much more pitiable than those with dropsy who indulge their stomach, and all the more so, by as much as the soul is better than the body. If, therefore, you see some who are in such sins, some struggling with perpetual hunger and countless evils, and others being drunk and indulging their stomach and living in luxury, call blessed rather those who are suffering terrible things. For the flame of pleasure is cut short by these misfortunes, and they depart having received no small comfort for the coming judgment and that fearful tribunal, and having dissolved here the majority of their sins through the terrible things they suffered, they go away. But enough of this exhortation; it is now time for us to proceed to the admonition to flee from oaths, and to do away with 49.90 the cold and unprofitable comfort that seems to exist for those who swear. For when we rebuke them, they bring forward others to us who do this very thing, and say; So-and-so and so-and-so swear. Let us say then to them; But so-and-so does not swear; and God brings his verdict for you from those who have acted rightly. For sinners do not benefit other sinners by the fellowship of their trespasses; but those who act rightly condemn the sinners. For those who did not feed Christ nor give him drink were many, but they did not benefit one another at all; just as therefore the five virgins also did not receive any pardon from one another, but having been condemned by those who acted rightly, both these and those were punished. Having been freed, therefore, from this cold comfort, let us not look at those who fall, but at those who act rightly, and let us be diligent to depart having received a memorial of the present fast. And just as often having acquired a garment, or a servant or a precious vessel, we are reminded of the times, and we say to one another; I acquired such-and-such a servant at this feast, I bought this garment at this season; so indeed if we accomplish this law, we will say that I accomplished this regarding the oath in this Lent; for until then I was swearing, and having heard a mere admonition I refrained from the sin. But habit is hard to correct. I know it too, and for this reason I am eager to introduce you to another habit, a good and profitable one. For when you say,

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Θεόν· ὅπερ οὖν καὶ ὁ βάρβαρος ἔγνω, καὶ δῆλον ὅτι ἐντεῦθεν διέφυγον τὸν ἐπικείμενον κίνδυνον ἀνεβόησεν· Ὅτι ἐπεποίθεισαν ἐπ' αὐτῷ. ςʹ. Ταῦτα δὲ λέγω νῦν, καὶ τὰς ἱστορίας ἐκλέγω πάσας, ἐν αἷς πειρασμοὶ καὶ θλίψεις, καὶ βασιλέων ὀργαὶ, καὶ ἐπιβουλαὶ, ἵνα μηδὲν φοβώμεθα, ἀλλ' ἢ τὸ προσκροῦσαι Θεῷ μόνον. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ τότε ἡ κάμινος ἐκαίετο, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ ταύτης μὲν κατεγέλασαν, τὴν δὲ ἁμαρτίαν ἔδεισαν. Ἤδεισαν γὰρ ὅτι καέντες μὲν οὐδὲν πείσονται δεινὸν, ἀσεβήσαντες δὲ τὰ ἔσχατα ὑποστήσονται. Ἡ γὰρ μεγίστη κόλασις τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν, κἂν μὴ κολαζώμεθα· ὥσπερ οὖν ἡ μεγίστη τιμὴ καὶ ἄνεσις τὸ μετὰ ἀρετῆς ζῇν, κἂν κολαζώμεθα· αἱ μὲν γὰρ ἁμαρτίαι διιστῶσιν ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καθὼς καὶ αὐτός φησιν· Οὐχὶ αἱ ἁμαρτίαι ὑμῶν διιστῶσιν ἀνὰ μέσον ὑμῶν καὶ ἐμοῦ; αἱ κολάσεις δὲ συνάγουσιν ἡμᾶς πρὸς τὸν Θεόν· ∆ὸς γὰρ ἡμῖν, φησὶν, εἰρήνην, ὅτι πάντα ἀπέδωκας ἡμῖν. Ἐὰν τραῦμά τις ἔχῃ, τί δεδοικέναι ἄξιον, τὴν σηπεδόνα, ἢ τὴν τομὴν τοῦ ἰατροῦ; τὸ σιδήριον, ἢ τὴν νομὴν τοῦ ἕλκους; Ἡ ἁμαρτία σηπεδών ἐστιν, ἡ κόλασις σιδήριον ἰατρικόν· ὥσπερ οὖν ὁ σηπεδόνα ἔχων, κἂν μὴ τέμνηται, ἀῤῥωστεῖ, καὶ τότε μᾶλλόν ἐστιν ἐν κακοῖς, ὅταν μὴ τέμνηται· οὕτω καὶ ὁ ἁμαρτάνων, κἂν μὴ κολάζηται, πάντων ἐστὶν ἀθλιώτερος, καὶ τότε μάλιστα ἄθλιος, ὅταν μὴ κολάζηται, μηδὲ πάσχῃ μηδὲν δεινόν. Καὶ καθάπερ οἱ σπλῆνα καὶ ὕδερον ἔχοντες, ὅταν τραπέζης ἀπολαύσωσι δαψιλοῦς, καὶ ψυχροποσίας, καὶ πολυτελῶν ἐδεσμάτων, καὶ καρυκευμάτων, τότε μάλιστα πάντων εἰσὶν ἐλεεινότεροι, τῇ τρυφῇ τὸ νόσημα αὔξοντες· ἂν δ' ἄγχωνται λιμῷ καὶ δίψει κατὰ τοὺς ἰατρικοὺς νόμους, ἐλπίδα τινὰ σωτηρίας ἔχουσιν· οὕτω καὶ οἱ ζῶντες ἐν πονηρίᾳ, ἂν μὲν κολάζωνται, χρηστὰς ἔχουσιν ἐλπίδας, ἂν δὲ μετὰ τῆς πονηρίας, ἀδείας καὶ τρυφῆς ἀπολαύωσι, τῶν ἐν ὑδέρῳ γαστριζομένων σφόδρα ἐλεεινότεροι ἂν εἶεν, καὶ τοσούτῳ πλέον, ὅσῳ ψυχὴ σώματός ἐστι βελτίων. Ἐὰν τοίνυν ἴδῃς τινὰς ἐν τοιαύταις ὄντας ἁμαρτίαις, καὶ τοὺς μὲν λιμῷ παλαίοντας διηνεκεῖ καὶ μυρίοις κακοῖς, τοὺς δὲ μεθύοντας καὶ γαστριζομένους καὶ τρυφῶντας, τοὺς τὰ δεινὰ πάσχοντας μακάριζε μᾶλλον. Καὶ γὰρ τῆς ἡδυπαθείας ἡ φλὸξ ταῖς συμφοραῖς ὑποτέμνεται ταύταις, καὶ πρὸς τὴν μέλλουσαν ψῆφον καὶ τὸ φοβερὸν ἐκεῖνο δικαστήριον οὐ μικρὰν λαβόντες ἀπέρχονται παραμυθίαν, καὶ τὰ πολλὰ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων δι' ὧν ἔπαθον δεινῶν ἐνταῦθα διαλύσαντες ἄπεισιν. Ἀλλὰ τῆς μὲν παρακλήσεως ἅλις· ὥρα δὴ λοιπὸν ἡμῖν διαβῆναι ἐπὶ τὴν παραίνεσιν τῆς τῶν ὅρκων φυγῆς, καὶ τὴν δοκοῦσαν εἶναι παραμυθίαν τοῖς ὀμνύουσιν ἀνελεῖν 49.90 τὴν ψυχρὰν καὶ ἀνόνητον. Καὶ γὰρ ἐπειδὰν αὐτοῖς ἐγκαλῶμεν, ἑτέρους ἡμῖν προβάλλονται αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιοῦντας, καὶ λέγουσιν· Ὁ δεῖνα καὶ ὁ δεῖνα ὀμνύουσιν. Εἴπωμεν τοίνυν πρὸς αὐτούς· Ἀλλ' ὁ δεῖνα οὐκ ὄμνυσιν· ὁ δὲ Θεὸς ἀπὸ τῶν κατωρθωκότων σοι φέρει τὴν ψῆφον. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἁμαρτάνοντες τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας οὐκ ὠφελοῦσι τῇ κοινωνίᾳ τῶν παραπτωμάτων· οἱ δὲ κατορθοῦντες τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας καταδικάζουσι. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ μὴ θρέψαντες τὸν Χριστὸν μηδὲ ποτίσαντες ἦσαν πολλοὶ, ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἀλλήλους ὠφέλησαν· ὥσπερ οὖν οὐδὲ αἱ παρθένοι αἱ πέντε οὐκ ἔσχον τινὰ συγγνώμην παρ' ἀλλήλων, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ τῶν κατωρθωκότων καὶ οὗτοι κἀκεῖναι καταδικασθέντες ἐκολάζοντο. Ἀπαλλαγέντες τοίνυν τῆς ψυχρᾶς ταύτης ψυχαγωγίας, μὴ τοὺς πίπτοντας βλέπωμεν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς κατορθοῦντας, καὶ σπουδάσωμεν μνημόσυνον τῆς παρούσης νηστείας λαβόντες ἀπελθεῖν. Καὶ καθάπερ ἱμάτιον πολλάκις κεκτημένοι, ἢ οἰκέτην ἢ σκεῦος τίμιον, ἀναμιμνησκόμεθα τῶν καιρῶν, καὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους λέγομεν· Τὸν οἰκέτην τὸν δεῖνα τῇδε ἐκτησάμην τῇ ἑορτῇ, τὸ ἱμάτιον τόδε ἐπριάμην τῷδε τῷ καιρῷ· οὕτω δὴ καὶ τὸν νόμον τοῦτον ἂν κατορθώσωμεν, ἐροῦμεν ὅτι Τὸν ὅρκον τῇδε κατώρθωσα τῇ Τεσσαρακοστῇ· ἕως γὰρ τότε ὤμνυον, καὶ ψιλῆς ἀκούσας παραινέσεως ἀπεσχόμην τῆς ἁμαρτίας. Ἀλλὰ δυσκατόρθωτον ἡ συνήθεια. Οἶδα κἀγὼ, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐπείγομαι εἰς ἑτέραν ὑμᾶς συνήθειαν ἐμβαλεῖν, χρηστὴν καὶ κέρδος ἔχουσαν. Ὅταν γὰρ εἴπῃς,