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remaining and accomplishing the salvific passions, and the holy mind was united with the active divinity of the Word, thinking and knowing the things being accomplished. Therefore, the divinity imparts its own glories to the body, but it remains without share in the passions of the flesh. For, it was not that his flesh suffered through the divinity in the same way that the divinity of the Word acted through the flesh; for the flesh was an instrument of the divinity. Although, therefore, from the very moment of conception nothing of either form was divided, but the actions of all time of the one person have been of each form, nevertheless, we in no way confuse these things which have occurred inseparably, but we perceive what belongs to which form from the quality of the works. Therefore, Christ acts according to each of his natures, and “each nature in him acts in communion with the other,” the Word accomplishing what is of the Word, through the authority and power of the divinity, as many things as are sovereign and kingly, and the body accomplishing what is of the body, according to the will of the Word united to it, of which it also has become the property. For it did not of itself have the impulse for the natural passions, nor did it suffer the occasion and refusal from painful things or those befalling it from without, but it was moved according to the sequence of nature, the Word willing and economically allowing it to suffer and to do its own things, so that through the works of the nature its truth might be confirmed. And just as he was given substance beyond substance, being conceived of a virgin, so also he performed the things of men in a manner beyond man, walking on unstable water with earthly feet, not because the water had become earth, but because it was held together by the supernatural power of the divinity so as to be unyielding and not give way to the weight of material feet. For he did not do human things in a human way (for he was not only man, but also God; hence his passions are life-giving and salvific) nor did he perform divine things in a divine way (for he was not only God, but also man; hence he worked the divine signs through touch and word and such things). But if anyone should say, “We speak of one energy in Christ not to abolish the human energy, but because when contrasted with the divine energy the human energy is called a passion, for this reason we speak of one energy in Christ,” we will say: According to this reasoning, those who speak of one nature do not say this to abolish the human nature, but because when the human nature is contrasted with the divine nature it is called passible. But may it never be that we should call the human motion a passion by way of contrast to the divine energy; for the existence of anything, generally speaking, is not known or defined by juxtaposition or comparison. For thus existing things will be found to be mutually causative. For if the human motion is a passion because the divine motion is an energy, then certainly the human nature will be evil because the divine nature is good, and by antithetical conversion, because the human motion is called a passion the divine motion is called an energy, and because the human nature is evil the divine nature will be good.” And thus all created things will be evil, and he who said, “And God saw all that he had made, and behold, it was very good,” will be a liar. But we say that “the holy fathers named the human motion in many ways according to the underlying concepts. For they called it power and energy and difference and motion and property and quality and passion; not in contrast to the divine, but power as cohesive and unchangeable, energy as characteristic and showing the unvaryingness in all things of the same kind, difference as defining, motion as indicative, property as constitutive and belonging to it alone and not to another, quality as form-giving, and passion as being moved; for all things that are from God and after God suffer in being moved, as not being self-motion or self-power, not therefore in contrast, as has been said, but the one creatively implanted in them by the

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διαμένουσα καὶ τὰ πάθη ἐκτελοῦσα σωτήρια, καὶ ἐνεργούσῃ τῇ τοῦ λόγου θεότητι συνημμένος ἦν ὁ ἅγιος νοῦς νοῶν καὶ εἰδὼς τὰ τελούμενα. Τῶν μὲν οὖν οἰκείων αὐχημάτων ἡ θεότης τῷ σώματι μεταδίδωσιν, αὐτὴ δὲ τῶν τῆς σαρκὸς παθῶν διαμένει ἀμέτοχος. Οὐ γάρ, ὥσπερ διὰ τῆς σαρκὸς ἡ θεότης τοῦ λόγου ἐνήργει, οὕτω καὶ διὰ τῆς θεότητος ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ ἔπασχεν· ὄργανον γὰρ ἡ σὰρξ τῆς θεότητος ἐχρημάτισεν. Εἰ καὶ τοίνυν ἐξ ἄκρας συλλήψεως οὐδ' ὁτιοῦν διῃρημένον ἦν τῆς ἑκατέρας μορφῆς, ἀλλ' ἑνὸς προσώπου αἱ τοῦ παντὸς χρόνου πράξεις ἑκατέρας μορφῆς γεγόνασιν, ὅμως αὐτά, ἅπερ ἀχωρίστως γεγένηνται, κατ' οὐδένα τρόπον συγχέομεν, ἀλλά, τί ποίας εἴη μορφῆς, ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἔργων ποιότητος αἰσθανόμεθα. Ἐνεργεῖ τοίνυν ὁ Χριστὸς καθ' ἑκατέραν αὐτοῦ τῶν φύσεων, καὶ «ἐνεργεῖ ἑκατέρα φύσις ἐν αὐτῷ μετὰ τῆς θατέρου κοινωνίας», τοῦ μὲν λόγου κατεργαζομένου, ἅπερ ἐστὶ τοῦ λόγου, διὰ τὴν αὐθεντίαν καὶ ἐξουσίαν τῆς θεότητος, ὅσα ἐστὶν ἀρχικὰ καὶ βασιλικά, τοῦ δὲ σώματος ἐκτελοῦντος, ὅσα ἐστὶ τοῦ σώματος, πρὸς τὸ βούλημα τοῦ ἑνωθέντος αὐτῷ λόγου, οὗ καὶ γέγονεν ἴδιον. Οὐ γὰρ ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ πρὸς τὰ φυσικὰ πάθη τὴν ὁρμὴν ἐποιεῖτο οὐδ' αὐτὴν ἐκ τῶν λυπηρῶν ἀφορμὴν καὶ παραίτησιν ἢ τὰ ἔξωθεν προσπίπτοντα ἔπασχεν, ἀλλ' ἐκινεῖτο κατὰ τὴν ἀκολουθίαν τῆς φύσεως τοῦ λόγου θέλοντος καὶ παραχωροῦντος οἰκονομικῶς πάσχειν αὐτὸ καὶ πράττειν τὰ ἴδια, ἵνα διὰ τῶν ἔργων τῆς φύσεως πιστωθῇ ἡ ἀλήθεια. Ὥσπερ δὲ ὑπὲρ οὐσίαν οὐσιώθη ἐκ παρθένου κυηθείς, οὕτω καὶ ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον τὰ ἀνθρώπων ἐνήργει ἐπὶ ἀστάτου ὕδατος γηΐνοις ποσὶ πορευόμενος οὐ γεωθέντος τοῦ ὕδατος, ἀλλὰ τῆς θεότητος ὑπερφυεῖ δυνάμει συνισταμένου πρὸς τὸ ἀδιάχυτον καὶ βάρει ὑλικῶν ποδῶν μὴ ὑπείκοντος. Οὐκ ἀνθρωπίνως γὰρ ἔπραττε τὰ ἀνθρώπινα (οὐ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ θεός· ὅθεν καὶ τὰ τούτου πάθη ζωοποιὰ καὶ σωτήρια) οὐδὲ θεϊκῶς ἐνήργει τὰ θεῖα (οὐ γὰρ θεὸς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄνθρωπος· ὅθεν δι' ἁφῆς καὶ λόγου καὶ τῶν τοιούτων τὰς θεοσημίας εἰργάζετο). Εἰ δὲ λέγοι τις, ὡς «οὐκ ἐπ' ἀναιρέσει τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ἐνεργείας μίαν ἐνέργειαν ἐπὶ Χριστοῦ λέγομεν, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ἀντιδιαστελλομένη τῇ θείᾳ ἐνεργείᾳ πάθος λέγεται ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη ἐνέργεια, κατὰ τοῦτο μίαν ἐνέργειαν ἐπὶ Χριστοῦ λέγομεν, ἐροῦμεν· Κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν λόγον καὶ οἱ μίαν φύσιν λέγοντες οὐκ ἐπ' ἀναιρέσει τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ταύτην λέγουσιν, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ἀντιδιαστελλομένη ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις πρὸς τὴν θείαν φύσιν παθητικὴ λέγεται. Ἡμᾶς δὲ μὴ γένοιτο τῇ πρὸς τὴν θείαν ἐνέργειαν διαστολῇ πάθος τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην προσαγορεῦσαι κίνησιν· οὐδενὸς γάρ, καθόλου φάναι, ὕπαρξις ἐκ παραθέσεως ἢ ἐκ συγκρίσεως γινώσκεται ἢ ὁρίζεται. Οὕτω γὰρ ἀλληλαίτια εὑρεθήσονται τὰ ὄντα πράγματα. Εἰ γὰρ διὰ τὸ ἐνέργειαν εἶναι τὴν θείαν κίνησιν ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη πάθος ἐστί, πάντως καὶ διὰ τὸ ἀγαθὴν εἶναι τὴν θείαν φύσιν πονηρὰ ἔσται ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη, καὶ κατὰ τὴν σὺν ἀντιθέσει ἀντιστροφὴν διὰ τὸ πάθος λέγεσθαι τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην κίνησιν ἡ θεία κίνησις ἐνέργεια λέγεται, καὶ διὰ τὸ πονηρὰν εἶναι τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην φύσιν ἀγαθὴ ἔσται ἡ θεία». Καὶ πάντα δὲ τὰ κτίσματα οὕτως ἔσται πονηρά, καὶ ψεύσεται ὁ εἰπών· «Καὶ εἶδεν ὁ θεὸς πάντα, ὅσα ἐποίησε, καὶ ἰδοὺ καλὰ λίαν». Ἡμεῖς δέ φαμεν, ὅτι «οἱ ἅγιοι πατέρες πολυτρόπως τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην ὠνόμασαν κίνησιν πρὸς τὰς ὑποκειμένας ἐννοίας. Προσηγόρευσαν γὰρ αὐτὴν καὶ δύναμιν καὶ ἐνέργειαν καὶ διαφορὰν καὶ κίνησιν καὶ ἰδιότητα καὶ ποιότητα καὶ πάθος· οὐ κατὰ ἀντιδιαστολὴν τῆς θείας, ἀλλ' ὡς συνεκτικὴν μὲν καὶ ἀναλλοίωτον δύναμιν, ἐνέργειαν δὲ ὡς χαρακτηριστικὴν καὶ τὴν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁμοειδέσιν ἀπαραλλαξίαν ἐμφαίνουσαν, διαφορὰν δὲ ὡς ἀφοριστικήν, κίνησιν δὲ ὡς ἐνδεικτικήν, ἰδιότητα δὲ ὡς συστατικὴν καὶ μόνῃ αὐτῇ καὶ οὐκ ἄλλῃ προσοῦσαν, ποιότητα δὲ ὡς εἰδοποιόν, πάθος δὲ ὡς κινουμένην· πάντα γὰρ τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ μετὰ θεὸν πάσχει τῷ κινεῖσθαι ὡς μὴ ὄντα αὐτοκίνησις ἢ αὐτοδύναμις, οὐ κατὰ ἀντιδιαστολὴν οὖν, ὡς εἴρηται, ἀλλὰ τὸν δημιουργικῶς αὐτοῖς ἐντεθέντα παρὰ τῆς