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being as numerous as the sand, from one or a single holy woman I will inform your love.

I know that you hear the life of Mary of Egypt, not narrated by anyone else, but by that very equal-to-the-angels woman, as in a kind of confession revealing her poverty when she said: "Not even when some often offered me the wages of sin did I accept it. This," she says, "I did not because I was well-off for necessities—for I was fed by spinning flax—but so that I might have many lovers at the ready for my passion." And when she was about to board the ship and depart for Alexandria, she was so poor that she possessed neither fare nor expense. But when, having committed herself to the all-blameless Theotokos, she set out for the desert, she received two *folles* from someone and bought loaves, and thus, having crossed the Jordan, she persevered in the desert until her end, without seeing a human face, (171) except only that of Zosimas, nor indeed having fed a hungry poor person, or given drink to a thirsty one, or clothed a naked one, or visited those in prison, or gathered strangers; on the contrary, rather, she even drove many into the abyss of perdition, receiving them in the lodging of sin. How then, tell me, will she be saved and enter into the kingdom of heaven with the merciful, who neither left behind wealth, nor gave her possessions to the poor, nor ever performed any act of almsgiving at all, but rather became an agent of perdition for countless others? Do you see how, if we say that almsgiving comes about through money and bodily nourishment alone, and through this the Lord is fed by us, and that only those who thus feed him and give him drink and simply care for him are saved, while those who do not do this perish, this will seem absurd, such that even many of the saints are cast out of the kingdom. But this is not so, it is not so!

For the things and riches in the world are common to all, just like the light and this air which we breathe, and the very pasture for the irrational animals in the fields and in the mountains. All things, therefore, are common to all in the use of enjoyment alone, but in ownership, to none; but greed, entering life like a tyrant, has divided up in one way or another through its slaves and servants the things given in common to all by the Master, enclosing them with fences and securing them with towers and bars and doors, and has deprived all other people of the enjoyment of the Master's goods, the (172) shameless one saying she is master of these things and contending that she wrongs no one at all. And the servants and slaves of this tyranny, each in succession, become not a master of the stored-up things and riches, but a wicked slave and guard. How then, if from such riches—whether bent by fear of threatened punishments or by hope of receiving a hundredfold or by the misfortunes of men—they bring out a few things or even everything, and give to those who until then were overlooked in their distress and want, will they be considered merciful, or as having fed Christ, or as having done a deed worthy of reward? In no way, but as I say, they even owe repentance until death, for the times they held these things and deprived their brothers of their use.

But how are we, who have seemingly become poor just as Christ the God, being rich, became poor for our sakes, considered to be showing mercy to him who for our sakes became as we are, by showing mercy to our very selves? Understand well what is being said. God became a poor man for your sake; you too, who believe in him, ought to become poor like him. He was poor according to his humanity, you are poor according to his Divinity. Consider, therefore, how you will feed him, pay close attention. He became poor that you might become rich, that he might impart to you the riches of his grace; for this reason he took on flesh, so that

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ἀριθμόν ψάμμου πέλοντας, ἐξ ἑνός ἤ μιᾶς ἁγίας πληροφορήσω τήν ὑμετέραν ἀγάπην.

Οἶδα ὅτι Μαρίας τῆς Αἰγυπτίας τόν βίον ἀκούετε, οὐκ ἄλλου τινός διηγουμένου αὐτόν, ἀλλ᾿ αὐτῆς ἐκείνης τῆς ἰσαγγέλου ὡς ἐν τάξει ἐξαγορεύσεως τήν πτωχείαν αὐτῆς δηλούσης ἐν τῷ εἰπεῖν ὅτι· "Οὐδέ διδόντων μοι πολλάκις τινῶν τῆς ἁμαρτίας μισθόν ἐλάμβανον. Τοῦτο δέ, φησίν, ἐποίουν οὐχ ὡς εὐποροῦσα τῶν ἀναγκαίων - στυππεῖον γάρ νήθουσα ἐτρεφόμην , ἀλλ᾿ ὅπως πολλούς ἐραστάς σχῶ ἐν ἑτοίμῳ τοῦ πάθους μου". Καί ὅτε ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ εἰσελθεῖν ἔμελλε καί εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν ἀπελθεῖν, ἐπί τοσοῦτον ὑπῆρχε πτωχή, ὡς μηδέ ναῦλον, μηδέ δαπάνην κεκτῆσθαι αὐτήν. Ὅτε δέ τῇ παναμώμῳ Θεοτόκῳ συνταξαμένη ἐπί τήν ἔρημον ὥρμησε, δύο παρά τινος φόλλεις λαβοῦσα ἄρτους ὠνήσατο, καί οὕτω τόν Ἰορδάνην διαπεράσασα μέχρι τέλους αὐτῆς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐνεκαρτέρησε, μηδέ ἀνθρώπου πρόσωπον ἰδοῦσα, (171) εἰ μή μόνον τοῦ Ζωσιμᾶ, μή τοί γε πεινῶντα πτωχόν θρέψασα ἤ διψῶντα ποτίσασα ἤ γυμνόν ἐπενδύσασα ἤ τούς ἐν φυλακῇ ἐπισκεψαμένη ἤ ξένους συναγαγοῦσα· τοὐναντίον μᾶλλον μέν οὖν καί πρός ἀπωλείας βάραθρον πολλούς συνελάσασα, ἐν τῷ καταγωγίῳ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτούς ὑπεδέχετο. Πῶς οὖν, εἰπέ μοι, σωθήσεται αὕτη καί μετά τῶν ἐλεημόνων εἰς τήν τῶν οὐρανῶν βασιλείαν συνεισελεύσεται, ἡ μήτε πλοῦτον καταλιποῦσα, μήτε ὑπάρχοντα δοῦσα πένησι, μήτε ἐλεημοσύνην ποτέ ὅλως ποιήσασα, χρηματίσασα δέ μᾶλλον ἄλλοις μυρίοις πρόξενος ἀπωλείας; Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἐάν διά χρημάτων καί σωματικῆς τροφῆς μόνης τήν ἐλεημοσύνην εἴπωμεν γίνεσθαι καί διά ταύτης παρ᾿ ἡμῶν τόν Κύριον τρέφεσθαι καί μόνους τούς οὕτω τρέφοντας αὐτόν καί ποτίζοντας καί ἁπλῶς θεραπεύοντας σῴζεσθαι, τούς δέ μή τοῦτο ποιοῦντας ἀπόλλυσθαι, ἄτοπον εἶναι δόξει τοῦτο, ὡς καί πολλούς τῶν ἁγίων τῆς βασιλείας ἐκβάλλεσθαι. Ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο, οὐκ ἔστι!

Τά γάρ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ πράγματά τε καί χρήματα κοινά τῶν πάντων ἐστίν, ὥσπερ τό φῶς καί ὁ ἀήρ οὗτος ὅν ἀναπνεύομεν, καί αὐτή ἡ βοσκή τοῖς ἀλόγοις ζῴοις ἔν τε τοῖς πεδίοις ἔν τε τοῖς ὄρεσι. Πᾶσι μέν οὖν τά πάντα κοινά τῇ χρήσει μόνῃ τῆς ἀπολαύσεως καθεστήκασι, κατά δεσποτείαν δέ οὐδενός· ἡ δέ πλεονεξία, ὥσπερ τύραννος εἰσελθοῦσα τῷ βίῳ, τά κοινῶς τοῖς πᾶσιν ὑπό τοῦ ∆εσπότου δοθέντα ἄλλοθεν ἄλλως ὑπό τῶν αὐτῆς δούλων καί ὑπηρετῶν κατεμερίσατο, φραγμοῖς περικλείσασα καί πύργοις καί μοχλοῖς καί θύραις κατασφαλισαμένη, πάντας ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους τῆς ἀπολαύσεως τῶν τοῦ ∆εσπότου ἀγαθῶν ἀπεστέρησε, δεσπότης εἶναι τούτων ἡ (172) ἀναιδής λέγουσα καί μηδένα ἀδικεῖν τῶν ἁπάντων φιλονεικοῦσα. Οἱ δέ ὑπηρέται καί δοῦλοι τῆς τυράννους ταύτης, κατά διαδοχήν ἕκαστος αὐτῶν οὐ δεσπότης τῶν ἀποκειμένων πραγμάτων καί χρημάτων, ἀλλά πονηρός τις δοῦλος καί φύλαξ γίνεται. Πῶς οὖν, εἰ ἐκ τῶν τοιούτων χρημάτων ἤ φόβῳ τῶν ἀπειλουμένων τιμωριῶν ἤ ἐλπίδι τοῦ ἑκατονταπλασίονα λήψεσθαι ἤ συμφοραῖς ἀνθρώπων ἐπικαμφθέντες, ὀλίγα τινά ἤ και πάντα ἐξενεγκόντες, τοῖς ἐν στενοχωρίᾳ καί ὑστερήσει μέχρι τότε παρεωραμένοις δώσουσιν, ἐλεήμονες λογισθήσονται, ἤ ὡς Χριστόν θρέψαντες ἤ ὡς ποιήσαντες ἔργον μισθοῦ ἄξιον; Οὐδαμῶς, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἐγώ φημι, καί μετάνοιαν χρεωστοῦσι μέχρι θανάτου, ὑπέρ ὧν ἐπί χρόνοις ταῦτα κατέσχον καί τούς ἀδελφούς τήν χρῆσιν αὐτῶν ἀπεστέρησαν.

Πῶς δέ καί οἱ κατά τό δοκεῖν πτωχοί γεγονότες ὥσπερ Χριστός ὁ Θεός, πλούσιος ὤν, ἐπτώχευσε δι᾿ ἡμᾶς, αὐτούς ἡμᾶς ἐλεοῦντες τόν δι᾿ ἡμᾶς γενόμενον ὡς ἡμεῖς ἐλεεῖν λογιζόμεθα; Νόει μοι καλῶς τό λεγόμενον. Ἐγένετο ὁ Θεός διά σέ πτωχός ἄνθρωπος, γενέσθαι χρεωστεῖς καί σύ, ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτόν, ὅμοιος ἐκείνῳ πτωχός. Πτωχός ἐκεῖνος κατά τήν ἀνθρωπότητα, πτωχός σύ κατά τήν Θεότητα. Σκόπησον τοίνυν πῶς θρέψεις αὐτόν, πρόσεχε ἀκριβῶς. Ἐπτώχευσεν ἵνα σύ πλουτήσῃς, ἵνα σοί μεταδῷ τοῦ πλούτου τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ· διά τοῦτο σάρκα ἀνέλαβεν ἐκεῖνος, ἵνα