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that he is useless to us. 176 Ps. 3. My people, they who call you blessed lead you astray, and they disturb the path of your feet. But now the Lord will stand for judgment, and he will set his people. The Lord himself will come to judgment with the elders of the people, and with their rulers. It does not seem that 'now the Lord will stand for judgment' refers to the God of all; and especially this, 'the Lord himself will come to judgment with the elders of the people, and with their rulers;' but it would be fitting for these things to be prophesied about the God Logos, who is also called Lord; for indeed he himself, the God Logos, who was preached to all under heaven, will stand for judgment with all, giving no room for defense to any of the impious, since his teaching has reached the ears of all; and Jesus Christ will come to judgment especially with the elders of the people and with their rulers, since they indeed gathered against him, and contrived the plot against him; who also, while calling blessed the people ruled by them, led them astray, saying that evil is good, and declaring the good words of our Savior to be evil. Ps. 4. And the Lord spoke again to Ahaz, saying, Ask for yourself a sign from the Lord your God, either in the depth, or in the height. And Ahaz said, I will not ask, 177 nor will I tempt the Lord. And he said, Hear now, O house of David; is it a small thing for you to weary men, and how do you weary the Lord? Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign; behold, the virgin shall conceive in the womb, and shall bear a son; and you shall call his name Emmanuel; he shall eat butter and honey, before he knows or chooses evil, he will choose the good; because before the child knows good or evil, he rejects wickedness, to choose the good. Let those of the circumcision who do not accept the coming of our Savior Jesus Christ say who is the virgin, who according to the prophecy will conceive in the womb and bear the son named Emmanuel; but if they should say that it is not written 'virgin' but 'young woman' according to the Hebrew, it must be said, that those who first interpreted the scripture according to the divine economy were not ordinary men, being seventy in number, chosen for their excellence from all the people, and having given no small proof of their wisdom in their own times; and what paradox would the word promise, testifying beforehand that a sign, as something wonderful, would be given by the Lord himself to the house of David, if the word were about a mere young woman; and nothing prevents us, even if according to them the Hebrew has 'young woman,' from thinking that what was said refers to a virgin; for indeed in Leviticus you would find the one who is admittedly a virgin betrothed to a man, but violated by another, being called a 'young woman' by the scripture; and in this way it would be a worthy sign given by the Lord to the house of David on account of 178 their unbelief, that a virgin should paradoxically give birth, for which reason also he who was to be born has been proclaimed as someone wonderful; since indeed it is prophesied that from a child, and, so to speak, from his very birth, he would reject wickedness, but choose the good. And his name also has been wonderfully foretold, being Emmanuel; which is, God with us; which we too who confess him might say, being sensible of his divine and ineffable visitation to all men through his power; and again, Emmanuel, God with us, could be said, because the Father and God of all is beyond not only mortal nature, but also all rational nature; while the Son is reasonably named God with us on account of his visitation even to us. But since I remember hearing one of the circumcision say that these things were prophesied to Ahaz concerning Hezekiah who was born of him and reigned after him, it must be observed, that before Ahaz reigned and before this same

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ὅτι δύσχρηστος ἡμῖν ἐστιν. 176 Ψ. Γʹ. Λαός μου, οἱ μακαρίζοντες ὑμᾶς πλανῶσιν ὑμᾶς, καὶ τὴν τρίβον τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν ταράσσουσιν. Ἀλλὰ νῦν καταστήσεται εἰς κρίσιν Κύριος, καὶ στήσει τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ. Αὐτὸς Κύριος εἰς κρίσιν ἥξει μετὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ μετὰ τῶν ἀρχόντων αὐτοῦ. Οὐκ ἔοικεν ἐπὶ τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν ἀναφέρεσθαι τὸ νῦν καταστήσεται εἰς κρίσιν Κύριος· καὶ μάλιστα τὸ, αὐτὸς Κύριος εἰς κρίσιν ἥξει μετὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ μετὰ τῶν ἀρχόντων αὐτοῦ· ἁρμόζοι δ' ἂν περὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγου, Κυρίου καὶ αὐτοῦ χρηματίζοντος, ταῦτα προφητεύεσθαι· καὶ γὰρ οὖν αὐτὸς ὁ κηρυχθεὶς πᾶσι τοῖς ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν Θεοῦ Λόγος εἰς κρίσιν μετὰ πάντων καταστήσεται, μὴδ' ἑνὶ τῶν ἀσεβῶν χώραν διδοὺς ἀπολογίας, ἅτε εἰς τὰς ἁπάντων ἀκοὰς διαδραμούσης αὐτοῦ τῆς διδασκαλίας· ἥξει δ' εἰς κρίσιν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς μετὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων μάλιστα τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ μετὰ τῶν ἀρχόντων αὐτοῦ, οἷα δὴ αὐτῶν ἐπισυναχθέντων κατ' αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν αὐτῷ συσκευασαμένων· οἳ καὶ μακαρίζοντες τὸν ἀρχόμενον ὑπ' αὐτῶν λαὸν ἐπλάνων αὐτὸν, λέγοντες τὸ πονηρὸν καλὸν, καὶ τοὺς καλοὺς τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν λόγους πονηροὺς ὑπάρχειν ἀποφαινόμενοι. Ψ. ∆ʹ. Καὶ προσέθετο Κύριος λαλῆσαι τῷ Ἄχαζ, λέγων, Αἴτησαι σεαυτῷ σημεῖον παρὰ Κυρίου Θεοῦ σου εἰς βάθος, ἢ εἰς ὕψος. Καὶ εἶπεν Ἄχαζ, Οὐ μὴ αἰτήσω 177 οὐδὲ μὴ πειράσω Κύριον. Καὶ εἶπεν, Ἀκούσατε δὴ οἶκος ∆αυίδ· μὴ μικρὸν ὑμῖν ἀγῶνα παρέχειν ἀνθρώποις, καὶ πῶς Κυρίῳ παρέχετε ἀγῶνα; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο δώσει Κύριος αὐτὸς ὑμῖν σημεῖον· ἰδοὺ, ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ λήψεται, καὶ τέξεται υἱόν· καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐμμανουήλ· βούτυρον καὶ μέλι φάγεται, πρὶν ἢ γνῶναι αὐτὸν ἢ προελέσθαι πονηρὰ, ἐκλέξεται τὸ ἀγαθόν· δι' ὅτι πρὶν ἢ γνῶναι τὸ παιδίον ἀγαθὸν ἢ κακὸν, ἀπειθεῖ πονηρίᾳ, ἐκλέξασθαι τὸ ἀγαθόν. Οἱ μὴ παραδεχόμενοι τῶν ἐκ περιτομῆς τὴν τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίαν λεγέτωσαν τίς ἡ παρθένος, ἡ κατὰ τὴν προφητείαν ἐν γαστρὶ ληψομένη καὶ τέξουσα τὸν ἐπονομαζόμενον Ἐμμανουὴλ υἱόν· ἀλλ' εἰ φάσκοιεν μὴ γέγραφθαι παρθένον ἀλλὰ νεᾶνιν κατὰ τὸ Ἑβραϊκὸν, λεκτέον, ὡς οὐχ οἱ τυχόντες ἐτύγχανον οἱ πρῶτοι τὴν γραφὴν κατὰ θείαν ἑρμηνεύσαντες οἰκονομίαν, οʹ μὲν ὄντες τὸ πλῆθος, ἀναλελεγμένοι ἀριστινδὴν ἀπὸ παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ, δοκιμήν τε οὐ σμικρὰν κατὰ τοὺς αὐτῶν χρόνους ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ δεδωκότες· τί δ' ἂν παράδοξον ὁ λόγος ὑπισχνεῖτο σημεῖον ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ὥσπερ τι θαυμαστὸν τῷ οἴκῳ ∆αυὶδ δοθήσεσθαι προμαρτυράμενος, εἰ περὶ ψιλῆς νεάνιδος ὁ λόγος ἦν· οὐδὲν δὲ ἡμᾶς κωλύει, εἰ καὶ νεάνιδαν κατ' αὐτοὺς περιέχει τὸ Ἑβραϊκὸν, ὡς περὶ παρθένου δηλοῦσθαι νομίζειν τὰ εἰρημένα· καὶ γὰρ οὖν ἐν τῷ Λευϊτικῷ εὕροις ἂν τὴν ὁμολογουμένως παρθένον μεμνηστευμένην ἀνδρὶ, ὑφ' ἑτέρον δὲ βεβιασμένην, νεᾶνιν ὑπὸ τῆς γραφῆς ὀνομαζομένην· καὶ ταύτῃ γε ἀξιοπρεπὲς ἂν εἴη τῷ οἴκῳ ∆αυὶδ διὰ 178 τὴν ἀπιστίαν αὐτῶν παρὰ Κυρίου δίδοσθαι σημεῖον, τὸ παραδόξως παρθένον ἀποτεκεῖν, δι' ὃ δὴ καὶ ὁ τεχθησόμενος θαυμαστός τις ὢν ἀνηγόρευται· εἴ γε ἐκ παιδὸς, καὶ ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐξ αὐτῆς γενέσεως, ἀπειθήσειν μὲν πονηρίᾳ, ἐκλέξασθαι δὲ τὸ ἀγαθὸν προφητεύεται. Καὶ τὸ ὄνομα δὲ αὐτοῦ θαυμαστῶς προαναπεφώνηται Ἐμμανουὴλ τυγχάνον· ὃ ἔστι μεθ' ἡμῶν ὁ Θεός· ὃ καὶ φήσαιμεν ἂν ἡμεῖς οἱ ὁμολογοῦντες αὐτὸν, καὶ συναισθόμενοι τῆς ἐνθέου καὶ ἀπορρήτου εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους διὰ τῆς αὐτοῦ δυνάμεως ἐπιδημίας· λέγοιτο δ' ἂν πάλιν Ἐμμανουὴλ ὁ μεθ' ἡμῶν Θεὸς, τῷ τὸν μὲν Πατέρα καὶ Θεὸν τῶν ὅλων ἐπέκεινα οὐ μόνον τῆς θνητῆς, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάσης τῆς λογικῆς φύσεως τυγχάνειν· τὸν δὲ Υἱὸν, τὸν μεθ' ἡμῶν Θεὸν εἰκότως ὀνομάζεσθαι τῆς μέχρις ἡμῶν ἐπιδημίας αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν. Ἐπεὶ δέ τινος τῶν ἐκ περιτομῆς εἰρηκότος ἀκούσας μέμνημαι ταῦτα τῷ Ἄχαζ προφητεύεσθαι περὶ Ἐζεκίου τοῦ ἐξ αὐτοῦ γενομένου καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν βασιλεύσαντος, ἐπιτηρητέον, ὅτι πρὸ τοῦ βασιλεῦσαι τὸν Ἄχαζ καὶ πρὸ τῆς εἰρημένης αὐτῷ ταύτης δὴ αὐτῆς τῆς