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blended with sacred and divine teachings, as we propose, against which you intemperately argue, O philosopher. The results of this discourse also lead me to these things; for this, he says, "persuades me to be weak with the weak and to rejoice with the strong" (and this is clearly an apostolic commandment) "this divides worlds for me, and from one it leads me away, to the other it adds me"; where could one find these things in Hellenic learning? "This one also leads through the weapons of righteousness on the right hand, and philosophizes with me in those on the left, yoking to me the hope that does not disappoint and lightening the present with the future." These things adhere even to the letter of the apostolic sayings. But if anyone does not agree with these words, let him give another reasonable argument of confession and I will be persuaded; for I am not persuaded that the Theologian contradicts himself.

But after these statements, which the philosopher thinks are contradictory, having called us "awkward and uneducated," he does not refrain from siding with Julian and says that it is just for us to be hated "as depriving the (p. 322) monks of learning, just as he did the Christians in the world." Just as if someone, having heard the psalmist say, "The fool has said, there is no God," thinks that the revealer of God from the Areopagus ought to side with this fool, saying concerning God that He neither was, nor is, nor will be, being himself the most foolish of fools and not understanding the exceeding difference, that the holy one knows and theologizes about God as being beyond existing things, while the heart of the fool places the only truly existing Being among things that in no way exist at all. For in the same way, we know that the monastic way of life is beyond reason, but that apostate, thinking the Christian way to be irrational, for this reason kept them from learning, which this man who seems to know all things has been unable to perceive, and deems worthy of the same charge those who place Christian things above all honor with those who have chosen especially to dishonor them, and [deems] the pious to be justly hated equally with the most impious, because they declare that devotion to God in prayer is more to be desired than anything else whatsoever.

"Even if the Lord," he says, "did not command diligence in learning in the Gospels, neither did He forbid it." What then when He says, "be wise as serpents and innocent as doves"? Does He not separate and take what is useful from outside wisdom and mingle it with the simplicity of the Gospel, which is exactly what we say in those treatises, we who are now being insulted by you for this very reason? And what when He says again, "I will give you a mouth and wisdom, which none shall be able to resist" and "when the Comforter comes, he will teach you all the truth"? Did He not promise a more divine wisdom even than this one which is by nature always contradicted, which you yourself, championing it, extol as unsurpassable, so to speak? What then did the lovers of this wisdom do, before they purely attained to that one? (p. 324) Did they go about seeking if anyone professed to know something, whether Greek or Egyptian or Chaldean, so as to learn from him and from his writings and to collect understanding from everywhere, as you yourself teach us, saying in these exact words, "knowledge of existing things comes not from keeping the commandments, nor from passionlessness alone" and "it is not possible to be holy without having received knowledge of existing things and having been purified of this ignorance"? So did they go about collecting understanding from everywhere, as you yourself teach us, or were they, as it is written, "always in the temple, continuing in prayer and supplication and outlining beforehand and in practice sacredly writing this truly super-mundane and all-holy life according to the monks, according to which we profess to ascend beyond the sacred life which is in the mean, and renounce every divisible life and imagination and towards the single one higher than all philosophy

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ἱεροῖς καί θείοις μαθήμασι συγκεκραμένον, ὡς ἡμεῖς εἰσηγούμεθα, πρός οὕς ἀντιλέγεις ἀκρατῶς, ὦ φιλόσοφε. Ἐνάγει δέ με πρός ταῦτα καί τά τοῦ λόγου τούτου ἀποτελέσματα˙ οὗτος γάρ με», φησί, «πείθει ἀσθενοῦντι συνασθενεῖν καί ἰσχύοντι συνευφραίνεσθαι» (τοῦ δ᾿ ἄντικρυς ἀποστολικόν ἐστι τό παράγγελμα) «οὗτός μοι διαιρεῖ κόσμους καί τοῦ μέν ἀπάγει, τῷ δέ προστίθησι»˙ ποῦ ταῦτα τῆς ἑλληνικῆς παιδείας εὕροι τις ἄν; «Οὗτος καί διά τῶν δεξιῶν ὅπλων διεξάγει τῆς δικαιοσύνης, κἀν τοῖς ἀριστεροῖς συμφιλοσοφεῖ, τήν οὐ καταισχύνουσαν ἐλπίδα παραζευγνύς καί τό παρόν κουφίζων τῷ μέλλοντι». Ταῦτα καί ἐπί λέξεως τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ἔχεται φωνῶν. Εἰ δέ τις τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις μή συναινεῖ, δότω λόγον εὔλογον ἄλλον ὁμολογίας καί πείσομαι˙ τόν γάρ θεολόγον ἑαυτῷ ἀντιλέγειν οὐ πείθομαι.

Ἀλά γάρ μετά τάς ἀντιφθεγγομένας, ὡς ὁ φιλόσοφος οἴεται ταύτας ρήσεις, «σκαιούς καί ἀπαιδεύτους» ὀνομάσας ἡμᾶς, καί τῷ Ἰουλιανῷ συντάττειν οὐ παραιτεῖται καί μισεῖσθαι δίκαιον εἶναί μέν φησιν «ὡς ἀποστεροῦντα τῶν (σελ. 322) λόγων τούς μοναχούς, καθάπερ ἐκεῖνος καί τούς ἐν κόσμῳ χριστιανούς». Ὥσπερ ἄν εἴ τις ἀκούσας τοῦ ψαλμῳδοῦ λέγοντος «εἶπεν ἄφρων, οὐκ ἔστι Θεός», τόν ἐξ Ἀρείου Πάγου θεοφάντορα τῷ ἄφρονι δεῖν οἴεται συντάττειν τούτῳ, λέγοντα περί Θεοῦ, ὡς οὔτε ἦν, οὔτε ἔστιν, οὔτε ἔσται, τῶν ἀφρόνων ἀφρονέστατος αὐτός ὤν καί μή συνείς τό τῆς διαφορᾶς ὑπερβάλλον, ὡς ὁ μέν ἅγιος ὑπέρ τά ὄντα γινώσκει καί θεολογεῖ τόν Θεόν, ἡ δέ τοῦ ἄφρονος καρδία ἐν τοῖς μηδαμῇ μηδαμῶς τίθεται τό μόνον ὄντως ὄν. Τόν αὐτόν γάρ τρόπον ἡμεῖς μέν ὑπέρ λόγον ἴσμεν οὖσαν τήν κατά μοναχούς πολιτείαν, ὁ δ᾿ ἀποστάτης ἐκεῖνος, ἄλογον οἰόμενος τήν κατά χριστιανούς, διά τοῦτ᾿ ἀπεῖργε τῶν λόγων, ὅ μή δυνηθείς συνιδεῖν ὁ πάντ᾿ ἐπίστασθαι δοκῶν οὖτος, τῆς αὐτῆς εὐθύνης ἀξιοῖ τούς τιμῆς πάσης ὑπερτιθέντας τά χριστιανῶν τοῖς ἀτιμάζειν εἰς τά μάλιστα προῃρημένοις, καί μισεῖσθαι δικαίους εἶναι τοῖς ἀσεβεστάτοις ἐξίσου τούς εὐσεβεῖς, διότι παντός οὑτινοσοῦν μᾶλλον περισπούδαστον ἀποφαίνοντα τήν πρός Θεόν ἐν προσευχῇ προσεδρείαν.

«Κἄν ὁ Κύριος», φησίν, «οὐκ ἐπέταξεν ἐν εὐαγγελίοις τήν περί λόγους σπουδήν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ ἐκώλυσε». Τί οὖν ὅταν λέγῃ, «γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις καί ἀκέραιοι ὡς αἱ περιστεραί»; Οὐ διαιρεῖ καί ἀπολαμβάνει τῆς ἔξω σοφίας τό χρήσιμον καί τῇ ἁπλότητι τοῦ εὐαγγελίου συμμίγνυσιν, ὅπερ ἐν τοῖς λόγοις ἐκείνοις καί ἡμεῖς λέγομεν, οἱ παρά σοῦ δι᾿ αὐτό τοῦτο νῦν ὑβριζόμενοι; Τί δ᾿ ὅταν αὖθις λέγῃ, «ἐγώ λόγον καί σοφίαν ὑμῖν δώσω, ᾗ οὐδείς ἀντιστῆναι δυνήσεται» καί «ὅταν ἔλθῃ ὁ παράκλητος, ἐκεῖνος ὑμᾶς διδάξει πᾶσαν τήν ἀλήθειαν»; Ἆρ᾿ οὐ σοφίαν ἐπηγγείλατο θειοτέραν καί ταύτης τῆς ἀεί ἀντιλέγεσθαι πεφυκυίας, ἥν αὐτός ὑπερμαχῶν ἐξυμνεῖς ὑπερτέραν οὐδ᾿ ὅσον εἰπεῖν; Τί οὖν ἐποίησαν οἱ τῆς σοφίας ἐρασταί ταύτης, πρίν ἐκείνης καθαρῶς τυχεῖν; (σελ. 324) Ἆρα περιῄεσαν ζητοῦντες εἴ τις ἐπαγγέλλεταί τι εἰδέναι, Ἕλλην ἤ Αἰγύπτιος ἤ Χαλδαῖος, ὡς παρά τούτου καί τῶν τούτου συγγραμμάτων μανθάνειν καί πανταχόθεν συλλέγειν τό φρονεῖν, ὡς αὐτός ἡμᾶς ἐκδιδάσκεις λέγων ἐπί λέξεως οὕτως, «οὐκ ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἐντολῶν φυλακῆς, οὐδ᾿ ἐξ ἀπαθείας μόνης τό εἰδέναι τά ὄντα περιγίνεται» καί «οὐκ ἔστιν ἅγιον εἶναι μή τήν γνῶσιν εἰληφότα τῶν ὄντων καί τῆς ἀγνοίας ταύτης κεκαθαρμένον»; Ἆρ᾿ οὖν περιῄρεσαν πανταχόθεν τό φρονεῖν συλλέγοντες, ὡς αὐτός μᾶς ἐκδιδάσκεις, ἤ ἦσαν, κατά τό γεγραμμένον, «διά παντός ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, προσκαρτεροῦντες τῇ προσευχῇ καί τῇ δεήσει καί προϋπογράφοντες καί πρακτικῶς ἱερογραφοῦντες τήν κατά μοναχούς ταύτην ὄντως ὑπερανῳκισμένην καί πανίερον ζωήν, καθ᾿ ἥν τήν ἐν μεσότητι μέν οὖσαν ἱεράν πολιτείαν ὑπεραναβῆναι ἐπαγγελλόμεθα, πάσῃ δέ διαιρετῇ καί ζωῇ καί φαντασίᾳ ἀποταττόμεθα καί πρός τήν πάσης φιλοσοφίας ὑψηλοτέραν ἑνιαίαν