65

and you may provide to others; He gave the earth, not so that you, by cutting off the greater part of it for yourself, should squander God's good things on prostitutes and dancers and mimes and flute-players and harp-players, but for the hungry and the needy. He gave you the sea, so that you may sail, so that you may not grow weary on your journeys, not that you should search its depths, and bring up from there stones and such things, nor that you should make this your work. For what reason then, he says, are the stones? Tell me rather, you, for what reason are the stones, and how is it that they are so precious? Is it for their power? Is it for their use? Rather, indeed, those that are not of this sort are useful. For the one sort contributes even to building, but the other to nothing. And these are stronger than those. But those, he says, produce beauty. How? It is the work of opinion. Are they whiter? But they are not whiter than the whitest marble, nor even equal. But are they stronger? But one could not say this either. But are they more useful? or larger? Not this either. From where then did they get their admiration? From nowhere else, but from opinion. For if they are neither more beautiful (for we shall find things more brilliant and whiter than them), nor more useful, nor stronger, from where did they get so much admiration? Is it not from opinion alone? For what reason then did He give them? He did not give them, but you considered them to be something great. What then, he says, that Scripture also admires these? It speaks then with regard to your opinion. Since a teacher also, when speaking with a child, often admires the same things as he does, when he wishes to draw him on and win him over. What beauty do you seek in clothes? He clothed you with a garment and with sandals; with these be adorned, with these be content. David says that the judgments of God are to be desired above gold and much precious stone. But where would these have any account? These things, beloved, are not useful; if they were useful, He would not have commanded to despise them; but the divine Scripture speaks with regard to our 62.263 opinion. And this too is of the loving-kindness of God. For what reason then did he give, he says, purple, and such things? These things are a work of the majesty of God. For He also wished to show His wealth from other things; since He also gave only wheat; but you prepare many things from it, cakes, pastries of different and various kinds, having much pleasure. Besides, vainglory invented all these things; for it seemed good to you to prefer them to all things. Since if some stranger or farmer, being inexperienced in them, should ask you, and seeing you admiring should say, Why do you admire these things? 62.264 what have you to say? That it is beautiful to see? But it is not. Let us cease then from such an opinion, and let us cleave to the things that are truly real. For these things are not, but simply pass by, flowing away like a river. Therefore, I beseech you, let us set ourselves upon the rock, so that we may both escape being easily overturned, and may obtain the good things to come, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father together with the Holy Spirit be glory, dominion, honor, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

HOMILY XI. But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ. Yea doubtless, and I count all things to be loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Jesus Christ my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but dung

that I may win Christ, and be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Jesus Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith, that I may know him, and the power of his

65

καὶ ἄλλοις παρέχῃς· ἔδωκε γῆν, οὐχ ἵνα σὺ τὸ πλέον αὐτῆς ὑποτεμνόμενος εἰς πόρνας καὶ ὀρχηστὰς καὶ μίμους καὶ αὐλητὰς καὶ κιθαρωδοὺς ἀναλίσκῃς τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθὰ, ἀλλ' εἰς πεινῶντας καὶ δεομένους. Ἔδωκέ σοι θάλατταν, ἵνα πλέῃς, ἵνα μὴ κάμνῃς ὁδοιπορῶν, οὐχ ἵνα περιεργάζῃ αὐτῆς τὰ βάθη, καὶ λίθους καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα ἐκεῖθεν ἀναφέρῃς, οὐδ' ἵνα ἔργον τοῦτο ποιῇ. Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν, φησὶν, οἱ λίθοι; Εἰπὲ δή μοι μᾶλλον σὺ, τίνος ἕνεκεν οἱ λίθοι, καὶ πῶς οὕτως εἰσὶν ἐκεῖνοι βαρύτιμοι; ἆρα τῇ δυνάμει; ἆρα τῇ χρήσει; Μᾶλλον μὲν οὖν οἱ μὴ τοιοῦτοι χρήσιμοι. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ κἂν πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν συμβάλλονται, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ πρὸς οὐδέν. Καὶ οὗτοι ἐκείνων ἰσχυρότεροι. Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνοι, φησὶ, κάλλος ἐργάζονται. Πῶς; ὑπολήψεώς ἐστι τὸ ἔργον. Λευκότεροί εἰσιν; Ἀλλ' οὐκ εἰσὶ μαρμάρου τοῦ σφόδρα λευκοῦ λευκότεροι, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἴσοι. Ἀλλ' ἰσχυρότεροι; Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἔχοι τις ἂν εἰπεῖν. Ἀλλὰ χρησιμώτεροι; ἀλλὰ μείζους; Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῦτο. Πόθεν οὖν ἐθαυμάσθησαν; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἄλλοθεν, ἀλλ' ἢ ἀπὸ ὑπολήψεως. Εἰ γὰρ μήτε καλλίους εἰσὶν (εὑρήσομεν γὰρ αὐτῶν περιφανεστέρους καὶ λευκοτέρους), μήτε χρήσιμοι, μήτε ἰσχυρότεροι, πόθεν οὕτως ἐθαυμάσθησαν; οὐχὶ ἀπὸ ὑπολήψεως μόνης; Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν ἔδωκεν αὐτούς; Οὐκ αὐτὸς ἔδωκεν, ἀλλὰ σὺ ἐνόμισας μέγα τι εἶναι. Τί οὖν, φησὶν, ὅτι καὶ ἡ Γραφὴ τούτους θαυμάζει; Πρὸς τὴν ὑπόληψιν λοιπὸν διαλέγεται τὴν σήν. Ἐπεὶ καὶ διδάσκαλος παιδίῳ διαλεγόμενος, τὰ αὐτὰ ἐκείνῳ πολλαχοῦ θαυμάζει, ὅταν αὐτὸ βούληται ἐπισπάσασθαι καὶ ὑπαγαγέσθαι. Τί κάλλος ἐπιζητεῖς ἱματίων; Ἱματίῳ σε περίβαλε καὶ ὑποδήμασιν· τούτοις κοσμοῦ, ἐν τούτοις ἀρκοῦ. Ἐπιθυμητὰ ὁ ∆αυῒδ ὑπὲρ χρυσίον φησὶ, καὶ λίθον τίμιον πολὺν τὰ κρίματα τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ταῦτα δὲ ποῦ λόγον ἂν ἔχοι; Οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα, ἀγαπητοὶ, χρήσιμα· εἰ χρήσιμα ἦν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκέλευσεν αὐτῶν καταφρονεῖν· ἀλλὰ πρὸς τὴν ὑπόληψιν τὴν 62.263 ἡμετέραν φθέγγεται ἡ θεία Γραφή. Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας. Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν ἔδωκε, φησὶ, πορφύραν, καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα; Τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ μεγαλειότητός ἐστιν ἔργον ταῦτα. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἀπὸ ἑτέρων τὸν πλοῦτον ἠθέλησεν δεῖξαι τὸν αὑτοῦ· ἐπεὶ καὶ σῖτον ἔδωκε μόνον· σὺ δὲ πολλὰ ἀπὸ τούτου κατασκευάζεις, πλακοῦντας, πέμματα διάφορα καὶ παντοδαπὰ, πολλὴν ἔχοντα τὴν ἡδονήν. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ ἡ κενοδοξία πάντα ταῦτα ἐφεῦρεν· ἔδοξε γάρ σοι πάντων αὐτὰ προθεῖναι. Ἐπεὶ εἴ τίς σε ἔροιτο ξένος ἀνὴρ ἢ γεωργὸς καὶ ἄπειρος ὢν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἰδών σε θαυμάζοντα εἴποι, ∆ιὰ τί ταῦτα θαυμάζεις; 62.264 τί ἔχεις εἰπεῖν; Ὅτι καλὸν ἰδεῖν; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔστι. Παυσώμεθα τοίνυν τῆς τοιαύτης ὑπολήψεως, καὶ τῶν ὄντως ἀληθινῶν ἀντεχώμεθα. Ταῦτα γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν, ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς παρέρχεται μόνον ποταμοῦ δίκην παραῤῥέοντα. ∆ιὸ, παρακαλῶ, ἐπὶ τῆς πέτρας ἑαυτοὺς στήσωμεν, ἵνα καὶ τὸ εὐκόλως περιτρέπεσθαι φύγωμεν, καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἐπιτύχωμεν ἀγαθῶν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΑʹ. Ἀλλ' ἅτινα ἦν μοι κέρδη, ταῦτα ἥγημαι διὰ τὸν Χριστὸν ζημίαν. Ἀλλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἡγοῦμαι πάντα ζημίαν εἶναι διὰ τὸ ὑπερέχον τῆς γνώ σεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου μου, δι' ὃν τὰ πάντα ἐζημιώθην, καὶ ἡγοῦμαι σκύβαλα

εἶναι, ἵνα Χριστὸν κερδήσω, καὶ εὑρεθῶ ἐν αὐτῷ μὴ ἔχων ἐμὴν δικαιοσύνην τὴν ἐκ τοῦ νόμου, ἀλλὰ τὴν διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τὴν ἐκ Θεοῦ δικαιοσύνην ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει, τοῦ γνῶναι αὐτὸν καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τῆς