65

the city where Hannibal was king, Carthage, and having taken it captive and having taken all his people with his senate, he brought them to Rome. And when Hannibal learned this, he went away to Bithynia to 210 Antiochus of Nicomedia, king of Asia; and he beseeched him to ally with him. But from the time of Alexander the Macedonian, the Macedonians had pacts of friendship with the Romans, because they also gave an army to Alexander against Darius. Antiochus the king of Asia, being persuaded by Hannibal, joined him,and went with him against the Romans, trusting in his own army, setting out from Bithynia. And when the senators of Rome heard this, they put forward a capable consul, the second Scipio, the brother of the first Scipio; and they sent him against the two, Antiochus the king of Asia and Hannibal the king of Africa. and meeting them he joined a great battle with them; and when many had been slaughtered, Hannibal, seeing the power of Scipio and that he was gaining the upper hand, fled; and doing away with himself, he died by drinking poison. And when Antiochus saw that Hannibal had fled, he turned his back; and Scipio pursued him as far as the mountain of Isauria called Taurus; and having gone up there, Antiochus sent ambassadors to him, entreating him, saying that he had no enmity against the Romans but was fighting on behalf of another. And Scipio received him, and made him subject to the Romans according to the decision of the senate of Rome, on the condition that he provide to the Romans each year four talents of gold and silver and certain other things for the rest of his life. And Scipio, having made a feast, invited him and gave him the 211 first place, honoring him as a king. And Scipio went up to Rome with glory, as the most wise Florus has recorded from the writings of Livy. In the fifteenth year of the aforementioned Antiochus Dionycus, king of Syria, the leper, a certain Tigranes, king of the Armenians, came and waged a great war against the same Antiochus. and having conquered the same Antiochus, Tigranes the king of the Armenians took over Antioch the great and his kingdom, having taken away from him all that he had, as the same king Antiochus fled from the same Tigranes to the Persian regions. And when Pompey, also called Magnus, came down from Rome on account of Caesar, and having come against the Cilicians who had tyrannized the same Pompey, and having conquered the Cilicians, he also waged war on Tigranes, king of the Armenians, and having conquered him he took over both Armenia and Cilicia and Syria, dissolving also their toparchies. And he delivered the Antiochenes, and entered the same city of the Antiochenes, making it subject to the Romans, bestowing many gifts on them and building the council house; for it had fallen; and he honored them, as being of Athenian descent. And a certain Byblus, a capable general, who also in coastal Phoenicia found a village and made it a city by walling it, which he called 212 Byblus after his own name, for this man, having asked a favor of the Antiochenes, took up the statue of Athena made by Seleucus, which was fearsome, and the statue of Zeus Keraunios, made by the same Seleucus, which was also fearsome, and sent them to Rome to the Capitol, as being a great spectacle and as having been subjected to the Romans; which statues exist to this day; and it is inscribed: The People of Antioch the Great honored the Romans with statues in gratitude. But Antiochus Dionycus the king, hearing of the ruin of Tigranes, king of the Armenians, and of the victory of Pompey Magnus against him, came to Pompey and fell down before him, asking him to restore his kingdom to him. And Pompey, being entreated, gave back to him again the kingdom of Syria and Cilicia and all that he had possessed

65

τὴν πόλιν ἔνθα ἦν ῥὴξ ὁ Ἀννιβαάλ, τὴν Καρθάγεναν, καὶ αἰχμαλωτίσας αὐτὴν καὶ λαβὼν τοὺς αὐτοῦ πάντας μετὰ τῆς συγκλήτου αὐτοῦ ὑπέστη εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην. Καὶ τοῦτο γνοὺς ὁ Ἀννιβαὰλ ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὴν Βιθυνίαν πρὸς 210 τὸν Ἀντίοχον τὸν Νικομήδους, βασιλέα τῆς Ἀσίας· καὶ παρακαλεῖ αὐτὸν συμμαχῆσαι αὐτῷ. εἶχον δὲ ἀπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Μακεδόνος οἱ Μακεδόνες συνωμοσίας μετὰ τῶν Ῥωμαίων φιλίας, ὅτι καὶ στρατὸν ἔδωκαν τῷ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ κατὰ ∆αρείου. ὁ Ἀντίοχος ὁ τῆς Ἀσίας βασιλεὺς πεισθεὶς τῷ Ἀννιβαὰλ συνέμιξε,καὶ ἀπῆλθε μετ' αὐτοῦ κατὰ Ῥωμαίων, θαῤῥῶν τῷ ἰδίῳ στρατῷ, ἐκ τῆς Βιθυνίας ἐξορμήσας. καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ Ῥώμης συγκλητικοὶ τοῦτο προεβάλοντο ὕπατον δυνατόν, τὸν δεύτερον Σκηπίονα, τὸν ἀδελφὸν τοῦ πρώτου Σκηπίονος· καὶ ἔπεμψαν αὐτὸν κατὰ τῶν δύο, Ἀντιόχου τοῦ βασιλέως Ἀσίας καὶ Ἀννιβαὰλ τοῦ ῥηγὸς τῆς Ἀφρικῆς. καὶ ἀπαντήσας αὐτοῖς συνέβαλε πόλεμον μέγαν μετ' αὐτῶν· καὶ σφαγέντων πολλῶν, ἰδὼν ὁ Ἀννιβαὰλ τὴν τοῦ Σκηπίονος δύναμιν καὶ ὅτι τὰς ἐπάνω φέρει, ἔφυγε· καὶ ἑαυτῷ παραχρησάμενος πιπίσας ἀπέθανε. καὶ ἑωρακὼς ὁ Ἀντίοχος τὸν Ἀννιβαὰλ φυγόντα ἔδωκε νῶτα· καὶ κατεδίωξεν αὐτὸν ο Σκηπίων ἕως τοῦ ὄρους τῆς Ἰσαυρίας τοῦ λεγομένου Ταύρου· καὶ ἀνελθὼν ἐκεῖ ὁ Ἀντίοχος ἔπεμψε πρὸς αὐτὸν πρέσβεις, παρακαλῶν αὐτόν, ὡς μηδεμίαν ἔχθραν ἔχων κατὰ Ῥωμαίων ἀλλ' ὑπὲρ ἄλλου πολεμῶν. καὶ ἐδέξατο αὐτὸν ὁ Σκηπίων, καὶ ἐποίησεν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους κατὰ γνώμην τῆς συγκλήτου Ῥώμης πρὸς τὸ παρέχειν αὐτὸν καθ' ἕκαστον ἔτος Ῥωμαίοις χρυσοῦ τάλαντα τέσσαρα καὶ ἀργύρου καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ ἄχρι τῆς αὐτοῦ ζωῆς. καὶ ποιήσας ἄριστον ὁ Σκηπίων ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὸν καὶ παρέσχεν αὐτῷ τὸν 211 πρῶτον τόπον, τιμήσας αὐτόν, ὡς βασιλέα. καὶ μετὰ δόξης ἀνῆλθεν ὁ Σκηπίων ἐν τῇ Ῥώμῃ, καθὼς ὁ σοφώτατος Φλῶρος ὑπεμνημάτισεν ἐκ τῶν Λιβίου συγγραμμάτων. Τῷ δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ ἔτει τοῦ προειρημένου Ἀντιόχου τοῦ ∆ιονίκους, βασιλέως τῆς Συρίας, τοῦ λεπροῦ, Τιγράνης τις βασιλεὺς Ἀρμενίων ἐλθὼν ἐπολέμησε τῷ αὐτῷ Ἀντιόχῳ πόλεμον μέγαν. καὶ νικήσας τὸν αὐτὸν Ἀντίοχον ὁ Τιγράνης βασιλεὺς Ἀρμενίων παρέλαβε τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν τὴν μεγάλην καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ, ἀφειλάμενος πάντα παρ' αὐτοῦ ἃ εἶχε, φυγόντος τοῦ αὐτοῦ Ἀντιόχου βασιλέως ἐπὶ τὰ Περσικὰ μέρη τὸν αὐτὸν Τιγράνην. κατελθόντος δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ῥώμης Πομπηίου τοῦ καὶ Μάγνου διὰ τὸν Καίσαρα, καὶ ἐλθόντος κατὰ Κιλίκων τυραννησάντων τὸν αὐτὸν Πομπήιον, καὶ νικήσαντος αὐτοῦ τοὺς Κίλικας, ἐπολέμησε καὶ τῷ Τιγράνῃ, βασιλεῖ τῶν Ἀρμενίων, καὶ νικήσας αὐτὸν παρέλαβε καὶ τὴν Ἀρμενίαν καὶ τὴν Κιλικίαν καὶ τὴν Συρίαν, λύσας καὶ τὰς τοπαρχίας αὐτάς. καὶ ἐξεδίκησε τοὺς Ἀντιοχεῖς, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ Ἀντιοχέων πόλει, ποιήσας αὐτὴν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους, χαρισάμενος αὐτοῖς πολλὰ καὶ κτίσας τὸ βουλευτήριον· πεσόντα γὰρ ἦν· ἐτίμησε δὲ αὐτούς, ὡς ἐκ γένους Ἀθηναίους ὄντας. Βύβλος δέ τις στρατηγὸς δυνατός, ὃς καὶ ἐν τῇ παραλίᾳ Φοινίκῃ ηὗρε κώμην καὶ ἐποίησε πόλιν τειχίσας αὐτήν, ἣν ἐκάλε 212 σε Βύβλον εἰς ὄνομα αὑτοῦ, οὗτος γὰρ τὸ ἄγαλμα τῆς Ἀθήνης τὸ παρὰ Σελεύκου γενόμενον, φοβερὸν ὄντα, καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ Κεραυνίου ∆ιός, παρὰ τοῦ αὐτοῦ Σελεύκου γενόμενον, καὶ αὐτὸ φοβερόν, αἰτησάμενος χάριν τοὺς Ἀντιοχεῖς ἐπῆρε καὶ ἐν Ῥώμῃ ἔπεμψεν εἰς τὸ Καπετώλιον, ὡς μεγάλης ὄντα θέας καὶ ὡς ὑποταγέντα Ῥωμαίοις· ἅτινα ἀγάλματα ἕως τῆς νῦν εἰσί· καὶ ἐπιγράφει ∆ῆμος Ἀντιοχείας τῆς μεγάλης ἐτίμησε Ῥωμαίους ἀγάλματα εὐχαριστῶν. Ἀντίοχος δὲ ὁ ∆ιονίκους βασιλεὺς ἀκούσας τὴν τοῦ Τιγράνου, Ἀρμενίων βασιλέως, ἀπώλειαν καὶ τὴν τοῦ Πομπηίου Μάγνου κατ' αὐτοῦ νίκην, ἐλθὼν πρὸς τὸν Πομπήιον προσέπεσεν αὐτῷ, αἰτήσας αὐτὸν ἀναδοῦναι αὐτῷ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ. ὅστις Πομπήιος παρακληθεὶς ἀνέδωκεν αὐτῷ πάλιν τὴν βασιλείαν τῆς Συρίας καὶ τὴν Κιλικίαν καὶ πάντα ὅσα κατεῖχε