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insolence against the truth. But indeed, the things concerning the holy one must now be narrated from the beginning, as far as possible, on whose account we have already undertaken this discourse.

2. For the divine Maximos the Confessor, then, his fatherland was the first and

great Constantinople; which the account knows also to call New Rome. His parents were noble from of old, and in worldly distinction second to not many; for whom piety was the preeminent thing, and the inclination toward and affinity for virtue; so that they might bear their distinction more from this than from their lineage. They indeed, having brought this blessed one forth into the light, and having brought him still in his very new body to the divine font, so that he might receive purification from infancy, allowed him to do none of those things that are for the pleasure of the young, nor to occupy his mind with these childish and boyish things; so that his unformed and tender nature might not be drawn toward indulgence and softness of character; but shaping the noble youth with more resolute and manly things, they instilled in him a great propensity for what is good, and persuaded him to incline wholly toward virtue. And he himself, having been allotted a favorable nature, and having received such an upbringing, while still a youth, had within himself the first etchings of virtue, like certain shadows and lines not dimly imaging the future; and he had (15C_278> its more exact types and characters, as his age advanced forward and his mind acquired a stable foundation; when also speech and thought and all things together were seen in him to be directed toward what is better and more perfect.

3. And since he also frequented teachers, for the sake of all sorts of education, as is likely,

caring for it, what need is there to say how much knowledge he gathered to himself within a short time? Having most diligently practiced grammar and the rest of the general education, and having reached the very pinnacle of rhetoric and the art of speaking, and having listened to philosophy so studiously as to leave no one to come even a little near him. For using a zeal that rivaled his natural talent, he was sufficiently and outstandingly versed in all studies; each of which he used, which often contributed in no small way for him toward better things. But philosophy and the discourses from it, he treated and cherished more greatly, and he put it before all other things. For since he knew this to be both knowledge of existing things and science, and that it was engaged in contemplation and practice, and discussed nature and the cosmos, and transmitted absolutely everything else; to this he assigned the greater zeal, and bore it always in his mind; yet not in a random or unreasoning way; but its sophistical part, and whatever partakes of deception and fallacies, he put far away and cast aside, while the part concerning arguments and doctrines and other logical 0072 methods and proofs he approved and made his own. For what to him was a false premise, and the weaving of spurious syllogisms, and such a conclusion, and whatever else true wisdom is defiled by? For it was far from being the case for him to say that such a thing ever concerned him, or that it was tolerable to incline his mind even a little toward any of those things labored upon badly by others. Indeed everyone marveled at him, having such knowledge, such virtue, and yet more, such moderation and humility; whom none of the things that exist puffed up, nor persuaded to think more highly of himself, not the nobility of his family, not the (15C_280> superiority of his words over all, not the height of his virtue, nor anything else at all; but he was so attached to moderation, as to have this alone as both the dignity and boast of his life, and to be prouder of this than if someone had granted him all the glory among men combined.

4.

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ἀληθείας ἐπήρειαν· ἀλλά γάρ ἄνωθεν, ὡς οἷον τε, τά κατά τόν ὅσιον τέως διηγητέον, δι' ὅν καί τόν λόγον ἤδη ἐνεστησάμεθα.

Β´. Μαξίμῳ τοίνυν τῷ θείῳ καί ὁμολογητῇ πατρός μέν, ἡ πρώτη τῶν πόλεων καί

μεγάλη Κωνσταντινούπολις· ἥν καί ΝέανῬώμην ὁ λόγος οἶδε προσονομάζειν. Πατέρες δέ, εὐγενεῖς ἄνωθεν, καί τῇ κατά κόσμον περιφανείᾳ μή πολλῶν δεύτεροι· οἷς εὐσέβεια τό ἐξαίρετον, καί ἡ πρός τήν ἀρετήν νεῦσίς τε καί οἰκείωσις· ὡς ἄν ἔχοιεν ἐντεῦθεν μᾶλλον ἤ ἀπό τοῦ γένους τό λαμπρόν ἐπιφέρεσθαι. Οἵ δή καί εἰς φῶς τόν μακάριον τοῦτον προαγαγόντες, καί ἐν κομιδῇ νέῳ σώματι τῷ θείῳ λουτρῷ προαγαγόντες, ἵν' ἐκ βρέφους λάβοι τήν κάθαρσιν, οὐδέν εἴων τῶν ὅσα τοῖς νέοις πρός ἡδονήν, πράττειν, οὐδέ τοῖς νηπιώδεσι τούτοις καί παιδικοῖς τήν διάνοιαν ἀσχολεῖν· ὅπως μή ἄπλαστος φύσις καί ἁπαλή, πρός ἄνεσιν ἐλκυσθῇ καί ἠθῶν μαλακότητα· ἀλλά τοῖς στεῤῥοτέροις τε καί ἀνδρώδεσι διαπλάττοντες τόν γενναῖον, πολλήν αὐτῷ τήν πρός τά καλά ἐνετίθουν ῥοπήν, καί ὅλον αὐτόν συννεύειν πρός τήν ἀρετήν ἔπειθον. Ὅς καί αὐτός, καί φύσεως λαχών δεξιᾶς, καί ἀγωγῆς οὕτω τυχών, καί νέος μέν ὤν ἔτι, εἶχεν ἐν ἑαυτῷ τά τῆς ἀρετῆς προχαράγματα, οἷον σκιάς τινας καί γραμμάς οὐκ ἀμυδρῶς τό μέλλον εἰκονίζουσας· εἶχε δέ ἀκριβεστέρους (15Γ_278> τούς ταύτης τύπους καί χαρακτῆρας, τῆς ἡλικίας αὐτῷ προβαινούσης ἐπί τά πρόσω, καί πῆξιν τῆς διανοίας στάσιμον λαμβανούσης· ὅτε καί λόγος καί φρόνημα καί πάντα ὁμοῦ τά πρός τά κρείττω τούτῳ ἑώρα καί τελεώτερα.

Γ´. Ἐπεί δέ οὗτος καί ἐπί διδασκάλους ἐφοίτα, παιδείας, ὡς εἰκός, παντοίας

ἐπιμελούμεος, τί χρή καί λέγειν, ὅσην ἐντός ὀλίγου χρόνου γνῶσιν ἑαυτῷ συνελέξατο; γραμματικήν μέν καί τήν ἄλλην ἐγκύκλιον παίδευσιν ἐξασκήσας ἐπιμελέστατα, ῥητορικῆς δέ καί τῆς ἐν τῷ λέγειν τέχνης ἥκων εἰς τό ἀκρότατον, φιλοσοφίας δέ οὕτω φιλοπόνως ἀκροασάμενος, ὡς μηδένα ἐγγύς αὐτοῦ ἀφεῖναι γενέσθαι καί κατά μικρόν. Σπουδῇ γάρ ἐναμίλλῳ τῇ εὐφυΐᾳ χρησάμενος, ἱκανῶς εἶχεν ἐν πᾶσι μαθήμασι καί περιττῶς· οἷς καί ἑκάστοις μέν συνεχρῆτο, οὐκ ὀλίγα ἔστιν ὅτε τούτῳ πρός τά βελτίω συναιρομένοις. Φιλοσοφίαν δέ καί τούς ἀπ' αὐτῆς λόγους, μειζόνως καί περιεῖπε καί περιέστεργε, καί τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων προέταττεν. Ἐπεί γάρ ᾔδει ταύτην καί γνῶσιν τῶν ὄντων καί ἐπιστήμην, καί περί θεωρίαν καταγινομένην καί πρᾶξιν, καί φύσεως πέρι καί κόσμου διεξιοῦσαν, καί πᾶν ἁπλῶς ἄλλον παραδιδοῦσαν· ταύτῃ καί τήν πλείω σπουδήν ἔνεμε, καί ἐν νῷ διά παντός ἔφερε· πλήν οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν οὐδ' ἀλογίστως· ἀλλά τό μέν σοφιστικόν ταύτης, καί ὅσον ἀπάτης καί παραλογισμῶν ἔχεται, πόῤῥω θείς καί ἀποβαλόμενος, τό δέ περί λόγους καί δόγματα καί λογικάς ἄλλας 0072 μεθόδους καί ἀποδείξεις ἐγκρίνας καί οἰκειωσάμενος. Τί γάρ αὐτῷ ψευδής πρότασις, καί πλοκή νόθων συλλογισμῶν, καί τοιοῦτον συμπέρασμα, καί οἷστισιν ἄλλοις ἡ ἀληθής σοφία καταχραίνεται; Ἐκείνῳ γάρ πολλοῦ δέον καί φάναι, ἤ τοιοῦτόν τι ἐμέλησε πώποτε, ἤ περί τι τῶν τοῖς ἄλλοις οὐ καλῶς πονουμένων ἀνεκτόν γέγονε καί μικρόν τήν διάνοιαν ἐπικλῖναι. Ἀμέλει καί διά θαύματος αὐτόν ἅπαντες ἐποιοῦντο οὕτω μέν γνώσεως, οὕτω δέ ἀρετῆς, ἔχοντα οὕτω δέ πλέον μετριοφροσύνης καί ταπεινώσεως· ὅν γε οὐδέν τῶν ὄντων ἐπῆρεν, οὐδέ μεῖζον φρονεῖν ἔπεισεν, οὐ γένους εὔκλεια, οὐ λόγων (15Γ_280> κατά πάντων ὑπεροχή, οὐκ ἀρετῆς ὕψος, οὐκ ἄλλο τῶν πάντων οὐδέν· ἀλλ' οὕτως ἦν τῷ μετρίῳ προσκείμενος, ὡς μόνον τοῦτ' ἔχειν καί σεμνότητα βίου καί καύχημα, καί τούτῳ πλέον φρονεῖν, ἤ εἰ πᾶσαν ὁμοῦ τις τήν ἐν ἀνθρώποις δόξαν αὐτῷ ἐχαρίζετο.

∆´.